新航道雅思语法-定语从句ppt课件

.,1,定语从句,.,2,两大基本概念：,先行词：?被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。一般由:名词,代词,短语,句子充当引导词/关系词：?引导定语从句的词叫引导词。引导词是区分主句和从句的重要标准。,.,3,找出句子主干,1.Whenanyoneopensacurrentaccountatabank,heislendingthebankmoneyrepaymentofwhichhemaydemandatanytime,eitherincashorbydrawingachequeinfavorofanotherperson.,.,4,2.Ifyoureunsureaboutthings,eachfloorhasanelected“floorsenior”whoisusuallyastudentintheirthirdorfourthyearofstudywhosbeenatSmithHouseforawhile.(剑2,T2,L),.,5,3,Asyoucansee,thebuildingyoureinnowwhichcontainsthismainlounge,thediningroom,therecreationroom,thekitchenandtheofficeswaspartoftheoriginaloldhouse,builtinthe1840stobeusedbythefamilyofGeorgeSmith.(剑2,T2,L),.,6,引导词,（1）关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that（2）关系副词：when，where，why（3）特殊引导词：than,but,as,whereby（4）介词+引导词,.,7,（1）关系代词：,练1994到1995年期间出现了很大的增长，这种情况在未来的几年里很可能还会持续下去。（剑3，T2，W）,.,8,keyThereemergedagreatincreasefrom1994to1995,whichlikelycontinuedinthenextyears.Theyears/periodfrom1994to1995saw/witnessedgreatincreases,whichlikelycontinuedintothefollowingyears.,.,9,（2）关系副词：,.,10,when-时间状语,AprilFoolsDayisthatspecialdaywhenyoushouldplayajokeonsomeone!ChildrensfavoritesaretoputsaltinthesugarbowlforDadsmorningcoffeeorputchalkonadeskchairatschoolsotheteachergetsawhitebackside!Butremember,ifyouplayajokeafter12noon,YOUaretheAprilFool!,.,11,【练】这是能保证充足食物来源的时候。（剑5，T4，R）Thisisapointwhenadequatefoodresourceswillbeassured.,.,12,where-地点状语,在北京，有一些著名的茶馆，在那里你可以坐下来喝茶，也可以观看到京剧表演节目。（剑3，T3，S）InBeijingtherearesomefamousteahouseswhereyoucansitanddrinktea,andtheyalsohavethePekingoperashows.,.,13,Pavarotti,OperaStarFindsCreativePassioninPainting,TenorLucianoPavarottiholdsahandkerchiefwheneverhesingsinconcert.Yetinreallifeheismorelikelytobefoundholdingapaintbrush.Forhisgreatloveispaintingvividly-coloredpicturesofItalianvillagesandseascapes.Whathelikesbestaboutpaintingisitscontrasttoopera,wherethechallengeistouseonestalentstobringtolifetheworksofothers.“WhenIfinishacanvas,IfeelIhavecreatedaworld.,.,14,why-原因状语,Reasonwhy【练】发生这种变化的一个主要原因就是电视的影响力增大了。(剑3，G，TB，W）OneofthemajorreasonswhythischangehashappenedistheincreasedinfluenceofTV.,.,15,【课堂练习】一（引导词）：,.,16,1.Thesearelotsofbusinesspeople_cometoChinatoworkanddobusiness.(剑3,T3,S)2.Thecouncil,_wasfoundedin1996,certifiesfisheriesthatmeethighenvironmentalstandards,enablingthemtousealabelthatrecognizestheirenvironmentalresponsibility.（剑7,T4,R）,.,17,3.Thisismostevidentinphotographicfilm,_GermanyspendsmuchlessthanBritain.(剑3,T2,W)4.Sincetheearlyyearsofthetwentiethcentury,_theInternationalAthleticFederationbegankeepingrecords,therehasbeenasteadyimprovementinhowfastathletesrun,howhightheyjumpandhowfartheyareabletohurlmassiveobjects,themselvesincluded,throughspace.(剑4,T4,R),.,18,5.Theactiontakesplaceinundergroundcities_theenvironmentiscontrolledbycomputers.(剑5,G,TB,R)6.Thefieldwaslaunched,andtheterm“artificialintelligence”coined,ataconferencein1956byagroupofresearchersthatincludedMarvinMinsky,JohnMcCarthy,HerbertSimonandAlanNewell,allof_wentontobecomeleadingfiguresinthefield.（剑5,T3,R),.,19,【课堂练习】二:改错,1.IdreallyliketofindafriendthatIcantrusthimcompletely.2.Long-dayplantsareadaptedforsituationswhererequirefertilizationbyinsects,oralongperiodofseedripening.(剑5,T4,R),.,20,【总结】：引导词的判断原理：，先行词，从句是否完整,.,21,【课后练习】1.Seaportshavebeentransformedbytheadventofpoweredvessels,_sizeanddraughthaveincreased.（剑2,T2,R）2.Theareabecameone_thevastmajorityofpeoplelivedinextremepoverty,andsufferedfromappallingsanitaryconditions.（剑6,T1,L)KEY:whose,where,.,22,（3）特殊引导词：,1234,.,23,than先行词是比较级/被比较级修饰,【练1/2】退让一步，你会获得比预想还要多的东西。Byyieldingyougetmorethanyouexpected.【练2/2】Subsidiesforpesticidesandartificialfertilizersencouragefarmerstousegreaterquantitiesthanareneededtogetthehighesteconomiccropyield.(剑3，T2，R）由于使用农药和化肥可领取政府补贴，农民就不顾实际需要而超量使用，以期取得最高经济作物产量。,.,24,but=thatnot,Thereisnomanbuthashisfault.=thereisnomanwhodoesnothavehisfault.不存在没有过错的人。,.,25,as,（1）as-限定（即限制性定语从句）固定搭配：such,as,thesame+asAtexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsociety.（剑4,T4,R）就在保健资源是有限的这个新知识被理解的同时，一种相反的观点也在西方社会逐步形成。,.,26,（2）as-非限定,位置：句首。（句中，句末）先行词：整个主句。常见用法：AsIsaidbefore,AsImentionedbefore,Asyoucansee,Aswillbeobserved,.,27,whereby,=bywhich“凭借，借以”【练】政府可以推行一个体系，让产生更多垃圾的个人和公司支付更多的资金，用于处理垃圾.（剑5,G,TB,W）Thegovernmentcouldintroduceasystemwherebyindividualsandcompaniesthatproducemorewastemustpaymoremoney,tocoverthecostofdealingwithit.,.,28,【课堂练习】:,1._Imentionedbefore,Ithinkthependantbringsmegoodluck.(剑3,T4,S)2.Familieshavealsoexperiencedchangestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;consequently,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome_wascommoninthetraditionalfamilystructure.A.thanB.thatC.whichD.as,.,29,3:填空:1)_isknowntousall,thewhaleisnotfishbutamammal.2)_isknowntousallthatthewhaleisnotfishbutamammal.3)_isknowntousallisthatthewhaleisnotfishbutamammal.,.,30,【课后作业】:1.TheInternetgivesusaccesstomuchmoreinformationinamuchshortertime_isavailablewithconventionalshoppingmethods.（剑3,T4,S）2.改错：Thebuildingmaybeinaconservationareaornearhousing,inthatcaseitwillbemuchmoredifficulttoconsiderchanges.(剑7,G,T,R)KEY：than;inwhichcase,.,31,（4）介词+引导词,可接的关系代词:which,whom介词的选择：1）与先行词搭配2）与从句中某个词（动词）搭配3）语义表达的需要,.,32,1）与先行词搭配Weareawareoftheextenttowhichapositiveattitudecontributestosuccess.我们知道积极的态度在多大程度上促进成功。,.,33,【练】公众通过游行示威这种方式，可以有效地让政府官员们注意到不平等的社会现实。Publicdemonstrationsareaneffectivemeans_.bywhichthepeoplecanbringsocialinequalitiestotheattentionofgovernmentofficials.,.,34,2）与从句中某个词（动词）搭配Ageniusisamanwhodoesuniquethingsofwhichnobodywouldexpecthimtobecapable.天才是指这个人做的事情独一无二，而且没有人料到他有能力做到。,.,35,【练】许多嗜睡的人都患有嗜睡病，其早期症状就是在白天都极度想睡觉。Manyhypersomniacssufferfrommarcolepsy,_.of/forwhichtheprimarysymptomisexcessivedaytimesleepiness.,.,36,3）语义表达的需要【练】知识是我们借以飞上天堂的翅膀。Knowledgeisthewings_.with/through/bywhichweflytotheheavens.,.,37,【课后练习】,.,38,1.Theparticularindividual_whomoneisconcernedintheanalysisofanysituationisusuallygiventhenameoffocalperson.(剑3,T2,R)2.Ironically,Francehadthelowestspendinginperfume,something_whichitisfamous,perhapsbecauseperfumeischeaperinFrance.(剑3,T2,W)3.Thisecho-locationinbatsisoftencomparedwithradar,theprinciple_whichissimilar,.,39,5.Theonlyway_whichproductivitycouldbeincreasedwastochangethesizeoftheworkgroup.（剑3,T4,R）14.HowcanyoutellanAsiaticlionfromanAfricanlion,_whichyoureprobablymorefamiliar?（剑6,T4,L）18.Thisisthepoint_whichrealproblemsoccur.（剑2,T2,W）练习：P126五1,2,3,5,14,18,.,40,难点：关系副词When=介词+关系代词关系副词Where=介词+关系代词,判断：(1)where,which,inwhich,thatItisthefactory_Iworkedyearsago.Itisthefactory_Iworkedinyearsago.Itisthefactoryin_Iworkedyearsago.Itisthefactory_Italkedaboutyearsago.Itisinthefactory_Iworkedyearsago.,.,41,(2)when,which,onwhich,thatIcherishedtheholiday_westudiedtogether.Icherishedtheholiday_westudiedontogether.Icherishedtheholidayon_westudiedtogether.Icherishedtheholiday_wespendtogether.,.,42,多重定语从句,InNunavutsigloosociety,whereadultswhowereborniniglooshavechildrenwhomayneverhavebeenoutontheland,thereshighincidenceofdepression.（剑6，T1，R）在Nunavut拱形圆顶小屋的社会中，抑郁症发病率很高，因为成年人曾在拱形圆顶小屋里出生，而他们的孩子却可能永远不曾迈出家门，到外面的世界去。,.,43,Inotherwords,theygavenoindicationofanappreciationofeithertherangeofwaysinwhichrainforestsareimportantorthecomplexsocial,economicandpoliticalfactorswhichdrivetheactivitieswhicharedestroyingtherainforests.（剑4，T1，R）换句话说，他们既没有显示出对热带雨林的重要范围的重视，也没有显示出对那些复杂的社会，经济和政治因素的重视，这些因素促使人们从事一些破坏热带雨林的活动。,.,44,THEEND,.,45,复习(定语从句）,1，概念（先行词，引导词）2，引导词关系代词，关系副词，特殊引导词，介词+引导词3.多重定语从句,.,46,作业,P133,1-6,.,47,练习:,1.改错Despitemuchresearch,therearestillcertainelementsinthelifecycleoftheinsectthatisnotfullyunderstood.Key:-is:are知识点:定语从句中的主谓一致.定语从句中的谓语动词用单数还是复数,这不取决于关系词,而是由先行词决定的.,.,48,2.改错ConfidenceisprobablyoneofthemostnoticeabletraitsintheAmericans.Theyshowconfidenceinthewayhowtheytalk,thewayhowtheysmile,thewayhowtheydressandthewayhowtheywalk.Key:delete“how”知识点:定语从句中,关系副词没有how.如果要表达方式,我们用以下句型:theway+that/inwhich/+从句,.,49,3.判断以下两个that从句的区别.1)Therumorthathespreadeverywhereturnedouttobeuntrue.2)TherumorthatTomwasagayturnedouttobeuntrue.,.,50,P130合并句子1.4.5,1.Iknowmanyrichpeople.Noneofthemarehappy.(剑3,G,TB,W)4.Atthefive-starhotelweatedinneranddranklotsofbeerandchampagne.Intheevening,allthestudentswenttoaformalreceptionatafive-starhotel.(剑3,T3,S)5.Theeventstartedwiththestudentsgatheringinalargehall.Inthelargehallweweregiventherobesandhats.Weworetherobesandhatsduringtheceremony.(剑3,T3,S),.,51,P133-翻译,1.总有许多外国留学生来中国学习.(剑3,T3,S)2.正如谚语所说,“给人一条鱼,可以养活他一天;教会人捕鱼,可以养活他一生.”(剑3,T4,W),.,52,3，我认为对电脑将会带来的好处保持怀疑很重要。（剑1,G,W）Ithinkitsi