主谓一致PPT课件

.,1,Agreement,.,2,1、语法一致,语法一致的原则是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况；,.,3,1）以alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas,ratherthan,but,except,like,including连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。,is,Air,aswellaswater,_matter.,is,.,4,2)用and连接的并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词前没有冠词。,Ahammerandasaw_usefultools.,are,Thepoetandwriter_coming.,is,.,5,3)成对的名词，如breadandbutter涂黄油的面包，sodaandwater汽水，coffeeandmilk加牛奶的咖啡，aimandend目的，saltandwater盐开水等，虽然有and连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。,Aknifeandfork_onthetable.Whiskyandsoda_alwayshisfavoritedrink.,is,is,.,6,4)如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each,every,manya,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数。,Everyboyandeverygirlinthisvillage_taughttoreadandwrite.,Nostudentandnoteacher_invitedtotheparty.,is,is,.,7,5)表示度量、价格、时间的复数名词词组作主语时一被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。,Tenmiles_agooddistance.,is,.,8,6)Ving,Todo或从句作主语，其谓语用单数形式。,Servingthepeople_mygreatesthappiness.Tomasteraforeignlanguage_veryimportant.Whenwellgooutforanouting_beendecided,is,is,hasnt,Whatwewant_another20people.,are,.,9,7)主语是“eachof”，时，其谓语用单数。复数名词+each作主语,谓语动词用复数.,Theyeach_anEnglishdictionary.Eachofus_somethingtosay.,have,has,.,10,8)主语是none,neither,no等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。但在代表不可数概念时,谓语动词用单数.,Noneofus_perfect.Noneofus_goodswimmers.Noneofus_agoodswimmer.Noneofthis_me.(worry),are/is,are,is,worries,.,11,9)不定代词all,more,most,any,等以及名词half,part,therest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。,Mostoftheapples_rotten.,Mostoftheapple_eaten.,were,was,.,12,1o)“anumberof+名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；“thenumberof+名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。,Anumberofpupils_readingpicture-books.(like),Thenumberofdeer,lionsandwildroses_notchangemuchifpeopleleavethingsastheyare.,does,like,.,13,12)“的几分之几”和“的百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于of后的名词。,Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth_sea.,40percentofthestudentsinourclass_girls.,is,are,.,14,13)主语是表示数量的“oneandahalf+复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式主语是“oneortwo+复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。,Oneandahalfbananas_leftonthetable.There_oneortwothingsIdliketoknowabout.,is,are,.,15,14)由manya或morethanone+单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。,Manyaforeigner_beentotheGreatWall.Morethanonestudent_visitedtheexhibition.,has,has,.,16,I,who_yourteacher,willteachyoueverythingIknow.,Sheistheonlyoneofthesewomenwho_theviolin.(play),am,plays,15)在定语从句中主语是关系代词who,that,which,谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。,16)“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”之前有theonly,thevery,the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。,.,17,17)主语是a/this/thatkindof+名词，谓语与kind保持一致.名词+a/this/thatkind,谓语与名词保持一致。,Thiskindofcloth_soft.(feel)There_differentkindsofanimals.Thiskindofactors_easilyfound.Actorsofthiskind_easilyfound.,feels,are,are,is,.,18,18)算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数，其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。,Fivetimesfouris(are)twenty.,Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall_twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging2.“Newsofvictories_pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept3.There_alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has4.Zhangsfamily_ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was5.NobodybutJaneandMary_thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown,Multiplechoice:6.Allbutone_herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered8.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided,.,21,2、意义一致的原则：,指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志.,.,22,类似这样的集体名词有：family,class,audience,committee（委员会）,crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council（理事会）,village等。,Hisfamily_allmusiclovers.Hisfamily_verybig.,are,is,1)某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。,.,23,2)主语是一些只有复数形式的名词，如clothes,trousers,glasses,compasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双的东西的名词前有apairof修饰时，谓语用单数。,Mytrousers_new;There_apairofshoesinthebox.,are,is,.,24,Mathematics_tobedifficulttolearn.(seem)Anewmeansofteaching_beingusedinthatschool.,TheUnitedStates_adevelopedcountry.,注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。,Mymathematics_weak.,is,seems,is,are,.,25,3)主语是以-ics结尾的学科名词mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works(工厂)和用作书名TheArabianNights、报纸名ThenewYorkTimes国名TheUnitedStates等都属复数形式，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。,.,26,3)the+形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数.,Therich_notalwayshappy.Thenew_suretoreplacetheold.,are,is,.,27,3.就近一致,谓语与靠近的那个主语保持一致.,.,28,1)由here,there,where引导的倒装句中.,1)Here_thebus.2)There_apenandtwobooksonthetable.3)Where_yourwifeandchildren?,comes,is,is,.,29,2)由or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso等连接的并列主语.,1)Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher_anythingaboutit.2)Heoryou_takenmypen.,knows,have,.,30,历年高考题,Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered,2.Onthewall_twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging,.,31,历年高考题,3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavin