高中英语复合句(公开课)PPT课件

主从复合句,名词性从句定语从句状语从句,复合句的种类,主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句,时间状语从句,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,比较状语从句,方式状语从句,.,3,构成从句的三大核心要素,连接词,语序,时态,陈述性,一致性（兼顾主句时态）,唯一性（重点）,.,4,名词性从句的连接词,名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其关联词有连词that,if,whether；连接代词what,who,which等和连接副词when,where,why,how等。,.,5,名词性从句类型判断,V（谓语动词）,主语从句,V（谓语动词）,宾语从句,L.V（联系动词）,表语从句,N（名词）,同位语从句,定语语从句,.,6,为保持句子平衡，that引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语而把真正的主语从句后置。主要有以下几种情况：,Itis+n.(apity/ashame/afact/nowonder,etc)+that-clauseItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.Itisnowonderthatheisnothungry;hehasbeeneatingsweetsallday.Itis+adj.(certain/likely/probable/true,etc.)+that-clauseItisprobablethathetoldhereverything.Itistruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek.,.,7,Itis+p.p.(said/reported/believed,etc.)+that-clauseItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madesatelliteintoorbit.It+v.(seems/happened,etc.)+that-clauseItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.其他情况:Itdoesntmatterwhetherhewillcomeornot.Itmakesnodifferencewherewehadthemeeting.Itsuddenlyoccurredtomethatshehadforgottentolockthedoor.,.,8,1.YouknowthatIamateacherofEnglish.2.ThatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall.3.ItisknowntoyouallthatIamateacherofEnglish.4.ThefactthatIamateacherofEnglishisknowntoyouall.5.Iamworriedaboutwhetheryoucandowellintheexam.6.WhatIamworriedaboutiswhetheryoucandowellintheexam.,thatIamateacherofEnglish,ThatIamateacherofEnglish,thatIamateacherofEnglish,whetheryoucandowellintheexam.,ObjectClause,SubjectClause,SubjectClause,PredicativeClause,AppositiveClause,thatIamateacherofEnglish,whetheryoucandowellintheexam.,ObjectClause,判断下列从句的类型,SubjectClause,WhatIamworriedabout,.,9,1.1989Thesephotographswillshowyou.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.1992WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourschoolnextweek.whatB.thatC.whetherD.when3.2004全国卷IIlike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one,名词性从句高考题赏析,.,10,4.1995isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguageA.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It5.1996wecantgetseemsbetterthanwehave.6.1999IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where7.04湖南卷IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_Ivebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how,What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what,.,11,8.2001Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.A.howB.afterC.whatD.when9.2004全国卷IYouaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.10.2005浙江卷Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary_hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which11.04天津卷Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where12.04上海卷AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how,whyB.whereC.whatD.how,.,12,定语从句的引导词,.,13,定语从句只用that不用which的几种情况,that指物时一般可以和which换用，但在下列几种情况下只用that不用which：先行词为all,anything,everything,nothing,something等；如:Wearereadytodosomethingthatisofsomehelptoothers.先行词被all,only,no,some,any,every,each,few,little等修饰时；如：Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级等修饰时；如：Thefirstlesson(that)MrGreengaveuswillneverbeforgotten.,.,14,如果有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时；如：Weknownothingaboutthedoctorsandhospitals(that)youaretalkingabout.当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时;如Whoisthatboythatwasherejustnow?当引导词在从句中作表语时。如；Chinaisntthecountrythatitusedtobe.,.,15,定语从句不能使用that的情况,定语从句中介词置于关系代词之前时，指人用whom，指物用which。如：Doyouknowthemantowhomheisspeaking?ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear.引导非限制性定语从句不能用that。如：MrSmithhastwosons,bothofwhomworkedabroad.Beijing,whichisthecapitalofourcountry,haschangedalot.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsataboyofseventeen.,.,16,注意：如何判断介词,Thegirl_whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.Heistheman_whomIthinkyoucandepend.,1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,for,on,.,17,2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.Dolphinsmightbetrainedtocooperatewithfishermenandhelpthembyfindingorevencatchingfish,_allofwhichactivitiesdolphinsareexpert.,with,in,.,18,3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,Therate_whichwildanimalsarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.,at,inthefrontof,.,19,Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,5of_arewomen.Thebookcontains50poems,mostof_werewrittenin1930s.Therearetwoleft,oneof_isalmostfinished,andtheotherof_isnotquite.Ihaveasentence,themeaningof_Idontunderstand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom,一.定语从句与同位语从句,1.When,where,why在定从和同从中的应用1)wehaventyetsettledthequestion_wearegoingtospendoursummervacationon1stOct.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which,2)Illneverforgettheday_IjoinedtheLeague.A.whenB.thatC.inwhichD.which,3)Thereason_hemovedtotheUSAisnotcleartome.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.which,4)Wehaventfoundouttheproblem_thecomputerwasoutoforder.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.whether,5)Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhisbeingabsentfromhiswork?A.whyheexplainedB.heexplainedC.whenheexpainedD.howheexplained,小结:相同点:when,where,why在定从中和同从中均充当状语成分不同点：when,where,why在定从中有相应的先行词，可表示为介词关系代词；而在同从中无相应先行词，不可表示为介关系代,That在定从与同从中的区别用A:thatB:which填空,1)weallhaveheardthenews_ourteamwon.2)wedontbelievethenews_hetoldusyesterday.,A,B/A,3)thepoliceruledout(排除)thepossibility_Justintoldthem.4)Thepoliceruledoutthepossibility_Jutinwastakenawaybythealiens.5)Thenews_youtoldmeyesterdaywastrue.6)Thenews_thepresidentwillvisitourschoolspreadquickly.,B/A,A,B/A,A,用A:thatB:which填空,小结:定语从句与先行词是修饰关系,关系代词thatwhich在从句中做主,宾，表等成分,从句成分不完整;同位语从句与被解释词是解释说明关系,连接词that在句中不作成分,从句成分完整.,二.定从与主从,宾从和表从1.定从与主从翻译:不论谁在公共场所随意吐痰都该被罚翻译:无论他做什么都不会对我有什么影响.,a.Whoeverspitsinpublicshouldbepunished.,b.Anyonewhospitsinpublicshould,a.Whateverhedoesmakesnodifferencetome.,b.Anythingthathedoesmakesno,小结:whoever=anyonewho;whatever=anythingthat判断正误:a.Whobreaksthelawwillbepunishedb.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.(c.Whorobbedthebankisnotclear.d.Whoeverrobbedthebankisnotclear.小结:时态与意义判断.,.(误),正),(正),(误),1）Asisknowntousall,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.(定从)2)ItisknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.（主从）3)WhatisknowntousallisthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.（表从）4)WeallknowthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.（宾从）,小结:定语从句与主宾表从句在特定情况下可以表示相同的意思。,填空：1)Hetoldusall_hadhappened10yearsago.A.thatB.whatC.which2)Hehastoldusall_heexperiencedabroad.A.whichB.whatC.howD.when小结:what=somethingthatallthat=what练习：Ourhometownisnolonger_shewas20yearsago.AThatB.whichC.whereD.what,2)Itseemstousthatnoreason_hegaveusforhisabsenseisbelievable.thatB.whatC.whyD.which3)Theartcenteris_usedtobeafactory,_millionsoftractorsweremade.what,whereB.where,whereC.what,whichD.where,which,总结：用什么样的关系词或连接词，均要在从句中分析查找。关系词和连接词存在某种转化关系：What=allthat/somethingthatWhatever=anythingthatWhoever=anyonewho2.高考考查的趋势是多种复合句的融合，而非单一句法的考查。,3.定语从句与名词性从句的本质区别：定从多存在被修饰的先行词，且先行词（或关系词）在从句中作成分；名从没有先行词，名从中的连接词除了that、whether外，均在从句中作成分。,.,34,状语从句,状语从句按意义和作用可分为：时间状从、地点状从、原因状从目的状从、结果状从、方式状从、让步状从、条件状从、比较状从等九种。状语从句放在主句之前常用逗号隔开；放在主句之后不用逗号。,.,35,状语从句的引导词,1.时间状从：,2.地点状从：,3.原因状从：,8.让步状从,when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until，theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theinstant,immediately,nosoonerthan,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,where，wherever,anywhere,everywhere,because,since,as,nowthat,.,36,4.目的状从：,5.结果状从：,6.方式状从：,状语从句的引导词,sothat,inorderthat（forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat）,sothat,suchthat,as,asif,how,.,37,状语从