安徽省淮南市第一中学2019-2020学年高一英语4月段考试题（PDF）.pdf

淮南一中高一年级下学期第二次线上检测英语试题淮南一中高一年级下学期第二次线上检测英语试题2020.4 全卷满分 120。考试用时 100 分钟 诚信考试 从我做起 the measure of a mans real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out. thomas macaulay 第第一一部分部分阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 a、b、c 和 d 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 a although it may take some time to achieve global change, companies and individuals have already developed ways to reduce plastic pollution. plastic bank according to its founder david katz. “the only way to stop ocean plastic is to show the value to the collectors.” the company does this by rewarding people who collect ocean plastic with cash, goods, services. the garbage collected is recycled and sold to companies that pay above market prices to help the cause. liter of light since 2011, liter of light has been transforming plastic bottles into light sources (光源). there are millions of people who have no access to electricity. the company attaches plastic bottles filled with water and bleach to roofs. they reflect sunlight into the dark, windowless homes during the day. when the sun sets. a micro solar panel (太阳能电池板) helps power an led bub (灯泡). the ocean cleanup foundation in 2013, 18 year-old boyan slat dropped out of college to start the ocean cleanup foundation. the young inventor developed the first operational cleanup system in the great pacific garbage patch. the system is designed to collect the surface garbage a8 it floats past. the accumulated plastic will be brought to land for recycling. slat believes his invention will allow u8 to clean 50 percent of the patch within five years. you and me we dont have to be part of a major movement to help make a difference. simply choosing to recycle, reuse. or avoiding plastic altogether can be a great start to reduce the waste. in addition. there are many other ways to reduce our ecological footprint. consider walking instead of driving. taking shorter showers, ditching plastic straws. or even planting a tree! 1. what does plastic bank mainly do to help reduce plastic pollution? a. they invent various ways.b. they reward the collectors. c. they found a recycling company.d. they call on the public to plant trees. 2. how can plastic bottles become light sources? a. by working with a solar panel.b. by producing electricity. c. by reflecting sunlight.d. by being made into led bulbs. 3.this article may be from_. a. a science researchb.a travel brochure c. a latest news report d. an environmental magazine b rajendra singh is considered a hero in the state of rajasthan, india, for single-handedly saving five rivers that had been dried up for decades. singh, who studied ayurvedic medicine at college, had always dreamed of becoming a farmer. so when he moved to rajasthans alwar district in 1985, he was interested in curing not just his people, but also the regions ecosystem. singh noticed that most villagers had left their homes after the local arvari river had dried up, and the only people who remained were either too old or too poor to move elsewhere. singh, driven by a strong desire to help the villagers, took on the task of bringing water back to those lands. for two years, singh worked tirelessly, building jihad (rainwater storage tanks built with stone, dirt, or whatever materials are available) and checking dams that didnt result in much success. local elders laughed at him, but he continued working with enthusiasm. and his enthusiasm proved infectious-seeing he was sincere in wanting to help bring water back to their lands, the locals soon began to give money and offer suggestions on proper locations to build more dams and johads. finally his strategy worked. it wasnt long before the arvari river came back to life, along with four other rivers. people who had abandoned the districts slowly began to move back home, returning to their traditional way of life. inspired by his success, singh runs a non-profit organization called tarun bharat sangh (tbs), through which he helps thousands of people solve problems of water shortage. since the 1980s, tbs has built over 4,500 johads that collect rainwater in 850 villages in 11 districts in india. 4what did rajendra singh do after moving to alwar district? ahe paid attention to its ecosystem. bhe worked hard to be a good farmer. che focused on researching into medicine. dhe provided free medical treatment for the poor. 5why did most villagers leave their homes? athey were driven out by floods. bthey wanted to realize their dreams. cthe living conditions were bad. dthey needed to earn money to survive. 6which words can be used to describe singh? abrave and aggressivebcaring and determined. ccreative and ambitiousdenthusiastic and honest. 7what can we know about tarun bharat sangh? ait is founded to support singhs medical research. bit is funded by the rich local citizens. cit calls on all indians to protect their living environment. d.it enables many villagers to gain easier access to water. c as part of doing business globally and operating across culture, we often want to predict how others are going to behave. our typical heuristic(启发式教育法) is culture. we learn about how germans or chinese or italians are different from us-how they think or act or even express emotions in a different way and we feel like weve done our homework. we feel prepared. but were surprised to discover that the person in question acts in a completely different way from how we expected. instead of being silent, our colleague from asia is actually quite loud and confrontational(对抗的). instead of behaving aggressively, our israeli supplier is mild-mannered. we wonder where we went wrong. the problem comes from the questions we ask ourselves. the obvious one is “what culture does this person come from?” this question is not important. national cultural differences do matter. but culture isnt everything. it turns out that if we ask ourselves a better, more focused set of questions, well be far more successful at predicting how people will act. question 1: what do you know about the region? just as it is useful to learn something about culture norms(标准) when diagnosing(诊断、判断) your situation, it is good practice to learn something about region norms. for example, if you were doing business in the america and assumed that people from the northeast would be similar to people from the midwest, you might be surprised. question 2: what do you know about the company or industry? like countries and regions, companies and industries also have distinctive cultures. how you would interact with a boss at google is quite different from how you would interact with a boss at microsoft or intel. finding the answers to these questions before you cross cultures can be tricky, but it is possible. one of the best ways to anticipate what youll encounter is by talking with expats: people similar to you who have studied, lived, or worked in the country in question. these individuals will often give you some insight into these nuances. 8. which of the following is true according to the passage? a. when trading globally, we can predict cultural differences successfully. b. israeli supplier should be mild-mannered instead of being ill-tempered. c. people dont care about what culture this person comes from? d. it is not necessarily reasonable to stress national cultural differences only. 9.according to the second paragraph, the author tries to tell us_. a. learning culture norms is more important than learning region norms b. asian people are actually quite loud and confrontational (对抗的) c.trying to know about the region is as necessary as knowing about cultural norms. d.doing business across cultures differs from doing business in the local region. 10. which of the following is closest to the word “expats” in the last paragraph? a. employeesb. immigrantsc. expertsd. employers 11. whats the best title of the passage? a. how to diagnose cultural differences. b. how to get along with a person from different cultures. c. how to manage cross- cultural corporation. d. how to learn about a distinctive culture. d some experts pessimistically believe that cars (motor vehicles) will inevitably be eliminated(淘汰）. they see a day in the not-too-distant future when all cars will be abandoned and allowed to rust. other authorities, however, think the car is here to stay. they hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. the car will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. it should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. the car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic jams. one proposed solution to this problem is the automated (自动 化的) highway system. when the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可 伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. the computer will then monitor all of the cars movements. the driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. the computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. the driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer that will warn him of his coming exit. it is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway. 12.one significant improvement in the future car will probably be_ . a. its seating spaceb. its speed c. its monitoring systemd. its power source 13.what is the authors main concern? a. how to make automobiles pollution-free. b. how to solve the problem of traffic jams c. how to make smaller and safer automobiles. d. how to develop an automated subway system. 14.what provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system? a. arail.b. an engine. c.aretractable arm.d. acomputer controller. 15.in an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is _ . a. keep in the right route b. wait to arrive at his destination c. inform the system of his destination by phone d. keep in constant touch with the computer center 第第二二节节根据短文内容根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项选项 中有两项为多余选项。中有两项为多余选项。 leonardo da vinci and nature in the modern world, art and science are two very separate activities, but in leonardos time they were closely connected. science meant mathematics and medical studies. _16_ mathematics included practical work like surveying land for making maps as well as measuring the movements of the stars in the sky.an artist might need to measure the different parts of the body. he could also use mathematics to place things in relationship to each other in a drawing or painting so the scene looked correct. _17_ mathematics was also connected to music because musical sounds have a fixed relationship with each other that can be described in numbers. _18_ more than this, though, leonardo believed that numbers were a part of all things in the world, including music, and he said that “without them nothing can be done.” “nature has kindly given us things everywhere to copy,” wrote leonardo. in all his activities, leonardo was trying to discover the rules that control nature. in his search for those rules, he looked very carefully at a lot of examples and details. actual experience was more important to him than opinion, and he worked from facts to ideas.19his purpose was to examine the world so he could copy it in beautiful paintings and sculptures. he also wanted to learn from the clever solutions of nature. _20_ his quick little sketches (素描), often done while wandering outside, helped him to catch a movement or a shape. more careful drawings would be done at a desk with a pen and ruler. in july 2001, a small drawing by leonardo was sold for $12 million. it was the mostexpensive drawing in the world. a. mathematicians and doctors worked to discover the unknown. b. leonardos ideas were vastly ahead of his time. c. how could these be connected with art? d. leonardo was always drawing. e.above all, leonardo wanted to understand how and why things worked. f. leonardo himself was a very good musician and liked to play an instrument and sing. g. you will see a good example of such positioning in the painting of the last supper. 第第二二部分部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 4545 分）分） 第一节第一节 完形填空（共完形填空（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 a、b、c 和 d 四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。 the act of kindness can make a difference in life. but sometimes kindness takes21. i had bought a beautiful22some time before. i tried23it one day,24it felt like i was always messing with it. it doesnt suit me well. so i thought that i could give it to25i run into when getting my morning coffee. still i had some fears. i heard myself say, “ ill put it in the goodwill box. thats an act of26.” but each morning id pass27women who might like it. “theyll think youre crazy when you just28them whether they want it. or theyll refuse to29 it. put it in the pile.” the thought of giving it away30drove me a couple weeks. finally, i took one little step. “ill just put the scarf in my truck in case.” this morning, i31to the coffee shop at the32time with another lady. we smiled and said good morning. i sat down with my coffee, thinking she looked like the person since she was wearing a scarf. 33she was walking out the door, i stopped thinking and worrying and then 34to walk out together with her. i said “excuse me.please dont think im 35, but i have a scarf in my truck and i36if youd like it. its pretty, but i wont wear it.” there was a little pause for us while i got it out of my37. when i asked her if shed38it, she said “thank you! that made my39.” and it also made me happy seeing her smile. it seems that40can be courage-taking. 21.a. patienceb. skillsc. couraged. wisdom 22.a. coatb. scarfc. hatd. blouse 23.a. wearingb. decoratingc. washingd. sharing 24.a. sob. thusc. evend. yet 25.a. somebodyb. nobodyc. anybodyd. everybody 26.a. wasteb. generosityc. preferenced. respect 27.a. onb. awayc. byd. out 28.a. askb. puzzlec. suggestd. order 29.a. quitb. throwc.buyd. accept 30. a. continuouslyb. roughlyc. immediatelyd. eventually 31.a. pulled inb. pulled upc. pulled outd. pulled down 32.a. rightb. earlyc. regulard. same 33.a. asb. thoughc. ifd. unless 34.a. affordedb. decidedc. refusedd. promised 35.a. helpfulb. consideratec. crazyd. available 36.a. smileb. doubtc. supposed. wonder 37.a. boxb. handbagc. truckd. backpack 38.a. buyb. favorc. required. order 39.a. mindb. workc. wayd. day 40.a. humorb. contributionc. kindnessd. politeness 第二节（共第二节（共 1010 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 national fun at work day is a day to have fun at work. not everyone agrees 41_ it is. some websites say it is in the final days of january, while others say it is april 1st. the workplace is usually not such a 42_(comfort) place. national fun at work day changes this a little so that peoples jobs are not all work and no play. the idea behind this event is that workers perform better when 43_(laugh). production increases and there is better customer 44_ (serve). having f