高一英语定语从句课件

Grammar,TheRelativeClause定语从句,1,PPT学习交流,定语从句的基本概念1,定语从句是整个句子充当定语,来修饰名词或代词。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟先行词。定从一般用关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在含义上替代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。,2,PPT学习交流,定语从句的基本概念2,Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.今天早晨来看我的人是我表弟.,先行词,定语从句,关系代词作主语，不可省,3,PPT学习交流,定语从句的基本概念3,关系代词：代人:who（主语/宾语），whom（宾语）代物:which（主语/宾语）代人或物:that(主语/宾语)Whose某人的/某物的,（先行词的所有格)；关系代词在从句中做主语，不能省略;做宾语，可以省略。,4,PPT学习交流,定语从句的基本概念4,关系副词：Where表示地点，在定从中作地点状语;When表示时间，在定从中作时间状语;Why表示原因，在定从中作原因状语。,5,PPT学习交流,关系代词whichwho/whomthat关系副词whenwherewhy,诀窍:先找定语从句所修饰的先行词;再判断定从里缺少成分吗?如缺成分,缺的是什么成分?主语还是宾语?,6,PPT学习交流,1.Doyouknowthelady_gaveusaspeechlastweek?(who,that)2.Thebook_costme1,200yuanisanencyclopaedia.(which,that),7,PPT学习交流,3.Heisaman_weshouldlearnfrom.(whom,who,that,/)4.Thatistheplace_Iwasborn.(where),8,PPT学习交流,15.Thetool_heisworkingwithiscalledatinopener.(which,that,/)Thetoolwith_heisworkingiscalledatin-opener.(which),9,PPT学习交流,eg:ThebookisforthepeoplewhosenativelanguageisnotEnglish.eg:whosecoverisred.Iboughtabookthecoverofwhichisred.ofwhichthecoverisred.eg:Childernwhoseparentsaredeadarecalledorphans.,10,PPT学习交流,16.Thegiftwassentbyherson_isservinginthearmy.(who,that)17.Thegiftwassentbyherson,whoisservinginthearmy.(16,限制性定从,限定作用;17,非限制性定从,补充修饰作用),11,PPT学习交流,18.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass_homesareinPudongnewarea?(whose)19.Theyhaveinvitedustovisittheirschool,whichisverykindofthem.(非限制性定从中的which还可以指代前面一句话!),12,PPT学习交流,20.Theroadwaswidened,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.,13,PPT学习交流,只用that,不能用which的5种情况,A.当先行词是不定代词时(anything，everything，nothing，all，little)1.Doyouhaveanythingthatyoudontunderstand?2.Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.3.Imnotinterestedinallthathetoldme.=Imnotinterestedinwhathetoldme.（宾从）,14,PPT学习交流,B.当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时,1.ThisisthehighestbuildingthatIhaveeverseen.2.Doyouthinkthisisthemostpowerfulcomputerthathaseverbeeninvented?C.当先行词被序数词修饰时1.Thesecondquestionthatwasdiscussedatthemeetingwasthemostimportant.2.Thisisthelastbookthatisonmyreadinglist.,15,PPT学习交流,D.当先行词被all，no，only，any，very，just，much等词修饰时ThisistheverybookthatIvebeenlookingfor.ThisistheonlyexamplethatIcangiveyou.,16,PPT学习交流,E.当先行词由人和物共同组成Herearethepeopleandthebooksthat/OIlove.,17,PPT学习交流,不能用that的两种情况,A.在非限制性定语从句中1.Wevecollectedmanystamps,whichareallverynice.2.ThisnotewasleftbyMr.Wu,whowashereamomentago.B.在介词后面1.Thisiscountrytowhichhewantstogo.2.Atourschool,thereareabout200foreignstudents,mostofwhomarefromEurope.,18,PPT学习交流,AS,As也是关系代词，用于1.Suchas和thesameas结构中Iwanttobuysuchaskirtasyouarewearing.Iwanttobuythesameskirtasyouarewearing.(比较:Iwanttobuythesameskirtthatyouarewearing.),19,PPT学习交流,AS,2.或在非限制性定语从句中表示前面整个句子.Shehasdoneagoodjob,asweallknow.Asweallknow,shehasdoneagoodjob.,20,PPT学习交流,Way做先行词?,Way做先行词,表示方式方法:定语从句中,可以用1.inwhich2.that3.O,21,PPT学习交流,Way做先行词?,1.WallanceandDarwinagreedonthewayinwhichdifferentformsoflifehadbegun.2.Thewayinwhichthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.3.Thewaythatthesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.,22,PPT学习交流,Way做先行词?,4.Thewaythesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.5.Musiciansrarelyagreeonthewayapieceofmusicshouldbeplayed.,23,PPT学习交流,CLASSICALQUESTIONS,1.Theoldwomanhastwosons,oneof_isaprofessor.2.Theoldwomanhastwosons,andoneof_isaprofessor.(1.whom,2.them),24,PPT学习交流,CLASSICALQUESTIONS,3.Doyouknowwhyhewasabsent?（宾从）4.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewasabsent?（定从）5.Doyouknowthereasonwhich(that)mayexplainhisabsence?（定语从句）以上三句含义相同，句式不同。,25,PPT学习交流,CLASSICALQUESTIONS,6.Thereasonthatyouwereillyesterdayisnotaccepted.（你昨天生病的原因没有被接受。）这是一句“同位语”从句的句子，“reason”与“youwereillyesterday”表达的是同等意思，因此关系词不能用“which”，只能用“that”。,26,PPT学习交流,CLASSICALQUESTIONS,7.Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeusexcited.（我们队赢的消息使我们激动.同位语从句）8.Thenewswhich(that)Iheardthroughtheradioisexciting.（我从广播中听到的消息令人激动.定语从句）,27,PPT学习交流,CLASSICALQUESTIONS,9.定语从句中的插入语Hemadeaspeech,whichIthoughtwasofgreatimportance.Jimmyistheboy,whoeverybodybelieveswillwinthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition.,28,PPT学习交流,CLASSICALQUESTIONS,在上述句子中，Ithought,everybodybelieves是插入语，还有Isuppose,everybodyknows等在定语从句中出现，容易受其迷惑而用错关系词。比如在上述第二句中就不能用“whom”，因为“who”是从句的主语，而“everybodybelieves”是插入语。因此在有插入语的定语从句中，考虑用什么关系代词或副词时，可暂时不考虑插入语，以免受其迷惑。,29,PPT学习交流,1Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.(2004全国卷)A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich,30,PPT学习交流,2.Iworkinabusiness_almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.(2004湖南卷)A.howB.whichC.whereD.that,31,PPT学习交流,3.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes_peoplewereeatenbythetiger.(2005广东卷)A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that,32,PPT学习交流,4.Werejusttryingtoreachapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(2006山东卷)A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which,33,PPT学习交流,5.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.(2006浙江卷)A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which,34,PPT学习交流,6.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_wantedtobuyit.(2007安徽卷)A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom,35,PPT学习交流,7.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,_hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2007辽宁卷)A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis,36,PPT学习交流,1.Theperson_youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.2.Thepersonto_youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.3.Thegames_hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting.4.Thegamesin_hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting.,who/that/whom,whom,which/that,which,Completethefollowingsentencesusingattributiveclauses.,37,PPT学习交流,5.Thepoorboy_lostbothhisparentslastyearliveswithhisgrandfather.6.Thisisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago.7.Thisisthefactory_makestoys.8.Heistheboy_familywaspoor.9.Thepen_heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.,who/that,where/inwhich,whose,which/that,withwhich,38,PPT学习交流,单句改错,1.Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbeseverelypunished.2.Wecantakestepstocuttheamountofcarbondioxidethatsentoutintotheair.3.Heisoneofthestudentswhohasbeenpraisedbyourteacher.4.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohavebeenpraisedbyourteacher.,39,PPT学习交流,单句改错,5.Heboughtmanybooksyesterday,mostofthemarewritteninEnglish.6.Thewayinwhichhementionedatthemeetingisquitegood.7.Wewillneverforgetthedayswespentonthefarmthen.8.Hewasadmittedtoakeyuniversitylastyear,itmadehisparentsproud.,40,PPT学习交流,定语从句注意事项,学科：英语年级：高一内容：语法专项学校：山丹一中教师姓名：邹秀玲,41,PPT学习交流,定语从句注意事项,1.关系代词代替先行词在定从中作主语时，定从谓动必须遵循时态和语态规则。eg:Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingtoourheadteacher?eg:Themountainclimberswhoweretrappedinthestormwerefinallysaved.,42,PPT学习交流,定语从句注意事项,2.定语从句中的主谓一致问题：eg:Hetoldthenewstothosewhowerepresentatthemeeting.3.先行词在定从中所做的成分必须