不定式公开课(金典实用)PPT课件

.,1,M5Unit1Grammar,.,2,本节课重点提要,1.不定式的基本形式和否定形式2.不定式的时态和语态3.不定式的复合结构4.不定式的基本用法5.不定式中常见的主动表被动6不定式的省略，保留符号to7.不带to的不定式,.,3,Theyadvisedmetogiveupsmoking.Theyadvisedme_smoking.HepromisedtotakecareofthepoorHepromised_thepoor,Step1,基本形式和否定形式,肯定式:todo否定式:nottodo,nottogiveup,nottotakecareof,.,4,动词不定式的时态和语态,Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.,.一般式(todo/tobedone).,不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。,Step2,.,5,.进行式(tobedoing),TheyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingsecretwhenIcamein.,如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。,.,6,.完成式（tohavedone/tohavebeendone),2.Impleasedtohavebeengiventhischance.,1.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.,如果不定式的动作发生在谓语之前。,如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动形式.,.,7,小结,todo,tobedone,tobedoing,/,tohavedone,tohavebeendone,.,8,练习,Hello!Itsgood_(see)youagain.Bye-bye,Imglad_(see)you.Theypretend_(work)hardwhentheteachercamein.Thegirlstudentsissaid_(send)abroadlastweek.Allthestudentsinourclasshaveenteredforthesports-meeting_(hold)nextweek.,.,9,Step3不定式的复合结构,ItsimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.Itswise/kindofhimtohelpthepoor.,.,10,Todolikethatisfoolish.,Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.,Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.,Wefoundahousetolivein.,ShecameheretostudyEnglish.,Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,Step4不定式的用法,.,11,作主语,_isourduty.,_isright=Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.,1.帮助你是我们的职责。,2.放弃吸烟是对的。,不定式短语作主语时，如果主语如果太长，常用it作形式主语，真正的不定式主语后置。,Tohelpyou,Togiveupsmoking,.,12,作主语,。,一般用不定式做主语的句型It+be+adj./n.+forsb.todosth/ofsbtodosthIt+take+sb+time+todosthIt+cost+sb+money+todosth,.,13,动词不定式,作宾语,动词+todo,动词+疑问词+todo,动词（think,consider,make,believe等)+it+宾补+todo,常见动词有afford,agree,arrange,ask,decide,demand,plandesire,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,wish,prefer,happen,intend,fail等,Idontknowwhattodo.,IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.,返回主页,.,14,只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：,决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,.,15,决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事,decidetodosth.决定做某事wantwouldliketodosth.想做某事plantodosth.计划做某needtodosth.需要做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事affordtodo能做某事beusedtodo被用来做,.,16,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,cantwaittodo迫不及待地要做某事makeuponesmindtodo下决心做某事usedtodo过去常常做某事failtodo未能做某事,.,17,LiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.,注：有以上结构的常用动词有tell.wish,ask,want,like,beg,invite,warn,allow,encourage,advise等。,(不带to的不定式),注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.,返回主页,.,18,在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。,Eg.Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.,Heisoftenheard_thesong.,注意,allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,(构成“V.+Sb.+todo”的形式),tosing,宾补,.,19,接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：,请求与命令想要邀请期待鼓励与建议答应告诫允许提醒和帮助,.,20,请求与命令,asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth.命令某人做某事,.,21,想要邀请期待鼓励与建议,wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事,.,22,答应告诫允许提醒和帮助,promisesb.todo答应某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.告诫某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事,.,23,作表语,Myjobis_,Toseeis_.,1.我的工作是教英语。,2.眼见为实。,toteachEnglish.,tobelieve,.,24,作定语（必须后置）,1.Bettywasthefirst/thelasttocometoschool.,2.Wellattendthemeetingtobeheldnextweek.3.Ihaveachildtolookafterathome.Doyouhaveanythingtosay.Itsagoodschooltostudyin.(具有逻辑上的主谓动宾关系）,.,25,如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词WehaveseveralmodelbikestochoosefromHeislookingforaroomtoliveinPleasegivemeaknifetocutwithThereisnothingtoworryabout在timeplaceway后面的不定式常省介词Hehadnoplacetolive,注意,.,26,作状语,Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.Imtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,.,27,1他回家去取钥匙2我说了什么话使你不高兴?3赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪,Hewenthome_hiskey,WhathaveIsaid_youhappy?,Weareproud_thefootballmatch,toget,tomake,tohavewon,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,Consolidation(p20),.,28,注意：,在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！,1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式要省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上to,如,Ialwayssawherplayviolin.,Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.,返回主页,.,29,Step5不定式中常见的主动表被动,Thequestionishardtoanswer.=itshardtoanswerthequestion.(位置互换）Ihavesomebookstoread.Ihavearoomtolivein.Givemesthtodrink.(同时满足主谓上的动宾关系）3.Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.4.Thequestioniswhattodonext.5.Icantgoouttoplaywithmuchworktodo.注意：Ihavesomeletterstopost.（p20)Ihavesomeletterstobeposted.,.,30,Step6不定式的省略，保留标志to,保留to到为止to后有be,have,要保留1.IhaventbeentoAmerican,andIwishto.2.-Areyouonholiday?-no,butIwouldliketobe.3.-HasTomfinishedhishomework?-Heseemstohave.,.,31,step7不带to的情况:,使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/hear,listento/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,notice注意：被动态中不能省hadbetter(not),wouldrather,wouldratherthan,cannotbut（不得不，必然，不能不）,canthelpbut=cantchoosebutdo等whynot/whydontyoudosth为什么不做?helpsb.（to）dosthwouldyoupleasedosth情态动词+do助动词+do,.,32,step7不带to的情况:,在介词but,except之后，如果其前有实义动词do的某种形式，不定式不带to,反之须带to.。Shecoulddonothingbutcry.Ihavenochoicebuttowait.WehadnothingtodobutwatchTv.AllIcoulddowassendhimatelegram不定式and,or,but,ratherthan等表示并列关系的第二个to省略,表示相反关系,对比的不省略第二个toIdliketogoandseeafilmTheydidnttellmewhethertogoonortostopDoyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchTV?Idecidedtowriteratherthanread.,.,33,区分下列词组:,seesb.doing/dosth.hearsb.doing/dosth.watchsb.doing/dosth.noticesb.doing/dosth.,.,34,感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel,+do表示动作的完整性，+doing表示动作的进行性。注意：被动语态中不能省去to。,.,35,牛刀小试,1.Mymotheroftenasksme_somecleaningonSundaysAdoB.doesC.didD.todo2.DoyouoftenhearJohn_in