初中英语定语从句最新

.,1.什么是定语(attribute)？,Ilikethecolours.Whichcolours?,energetic,.,anancientcountrythecolourofwisdomthehigh-speedrailwayconnectingAtoBthepersonwhohasinfluencedmemost,定语-是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语、或句子。汉语中常翻译成“的”,.,定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,分词,不定式,介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词,介词短语为例）,.,ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.,(介词短语作定语),(现在分词作定语),Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,TheboynamedTomismyclassmate.,(过去分词作定语),.,1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,.,1.作引导词,2.在定语从句中担任一定的成分;,3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句(把主句和从句连起来）,引导定语从句的关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,关系副词whenwhere，why,作用,Grammar,.,2.关系词在从句中做成分：相当于代词用的叫关系代词，相当于副词用的叫关系副词。,.,关系词判断步骤:首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,.,5.定语从句的结构,.先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/which/that/whom)+.,1.Heneverforgetsthethingsthat/whichheneedstodo.2.Youshouldpaynoattentiontothosethat/wholaughatyou.3.Doyouknowtheteachersthat/whoaresittinginourclassroomnow?,.,将两个句子合并成定语从句,Matchthetwosentences,1.Imreadinganarticle.ThearticleisaboutTom.,Imreadinganarticlethat/whichisaboutTom.,2.Sheisateacher.TheteacherteachesusEnglish.,Sheisateacherthat/whoteachesusEnglish.,3.Whereisthecoat?Youboughtitlastweek.,Whereisthecoatwhich/thatyouboughtlastweek?,1.找先行词,2.换关系词,3.抄其余部分,.,Ilikemusic.,Mostpeoplelikethemusic.,Ilikemusic,thatmostpeoplelike.,that修饰先行词musicthat在从句中做宾语.(可以省略),定语从句I,.,Ilikesingers.,Thesingerssingthewordsclearly.,Ilikesingers,whosingthewordsclearly.,who修饰先行词singerswho在从句中做主语.(不能省),.,Rosalikesmusicthatsquietandgentle.Rosa喜欢轻柔的音乐。2.IlikemusicthatIcansingalongwith.我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐3.Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.我喜欢能自己作曲的歌星,.,Grammar,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,(who作宾语),(who作主语),.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,(whom前有介词to,whom不能省去。),Grammar,.,Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。,.,3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.,Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,(whose作定语),Grammar,.,4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省,如介词提前则不能),Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?,Grammar,.,关系代词的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分主语或宾语c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来,注意：who/that在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致Ilikeapizzathatisreallydelicious.Ilovesingerswhoarebeautiful.,.,单项选择。1.Thisisthejob_theylaughedat.（嘲笑）A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark_builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman_atyesterdaysmeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen,A,C,B,.,单项选择,4.Theman_ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.heB.whomC.whoseD.who5.Whatistheanimal_babyissleepinginitspocket?A.whoB.whoseC.itsD.which,D,B,.,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。,where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。,1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasntclean.,.,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedthePartyonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheParty.,.,5.从句的谓语动词要与先行词的单复数保持一致。Ilikethebookwhich/thatisonthedesk.我喜欢桌上的那本书。Ilikethebookswhich/thatareonthedesk.,.,Thegirl_wonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue,afamousChinesetabletennisplayer.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom,.,在以下情况下只用关系词that,1.指物的先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只用that,.,4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时,5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用that,.,只能用which，不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从中。Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导先行词是物时。Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.,.,注:who,that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that,1)先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用who,2)在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who,.,Istillrememberthegirl(whom/that)wesawyesterday.,.,请用thatorwho并成一句1.Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._,Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.,Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.,haveatry,Ex.I,.,3.Tonyhasagoodfriend.ThefriendcanspeakEnglishwell._4.Jimreadsbooks.ThebooksarewritteninEnglish._,TonyhasagoodfriendwhocanspeakEnglishwell.,haveatry,JimreadsbooksthatarewritteninEnglish.,Ex.I,.,5.Wehaveagoodteacher.Theteacherisverybeautiful._6.Ilovesongs.ZhouJielunsingsthesongs_,Wehaveagoodteacherwhoisverybeautiful,IlovesongsthatZhouJielunsings.,haveatry,Ex.I,.,根据句意，用正确的关系代词填空。Heistheman_isreadytohelpothers.2.Thegirl_Ispoketojustnowismyfriend.3.Thedress_youboughtinthecitymallismadeofsilk.4.Billlikesm