考研英语大作文一

Courseware14for,PostgraduateEntranceExamination,考研英语大作文,HuanggangNormalUniversityLiuShenghua,考研英语大作文,PracticeMakesPerfect!,Chapter14,LiuShenghuaSchoolofForeignStudiesHuanggangNormalUniversitySeptember,2012,大纲解读,LiuShenghuaSchoolofForeignStudiesHuanggangNormalUniversitySeptember,2012,一、大纲解读：,（一）评价目标：考生应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。短文写作时，考生应能：做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；遵循文章的特定文体格式；合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当使用语域。,（二）考试内容：,B节：要求考生根据提示信息写出一篇160200词高质量的议论文（标点符号不计算在内）。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。近几年来则集中体现为灵活多变、隐含寓意的图示、漫画作文和具有学术分析特点的图表作文。这要求考生要精确设置构架，内容、例子紧扣主题，并且严谨地遣词造句。考生在答题卡2上作答。满分20分。,（三）评分原则和方法：,1、虽然A、B两节的考查要点有所不同，但对考生写作能力的基本要求是相同的，所以一般评分标准对两节都适用。但根据两节的不同考查要点，评分是会有不同的侧重点。,B节B节作文的评分重点在于内容的完整性、文章的连贯组织性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。,2、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来给分。评分人员在档内有13分的调节分。3、B节作文的字数要求是160200词。文章长度不符合要求的，酌情扣分。4、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5、如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。,有图作文思路,（1）写作三段论Introduction图画描述段，引言段，起始段Body主体/拓展段,意义阐释段【消极寓意类积极寓意类】Conclusion结论段，建议措施段,（2）三段安排,等边六边形结构三段论,首段3-4句,中间段5-6句,尾段3-4句,图画描述段的写法,三至四句(50-55词)：1.Generaldescription：总体描述寻找出图画的中心事物，确定中心事物的位置，从动作和状态两方面来描述画面中的中心事物；2.Details：挖掘细节词，联结成句寻找中心事物周围相关的事物，并进行简单的描述(细节描述）3.Caption：文字说明若图画下方有caption，可将其翻译为英语,10,描述段写法,LiuShenghuaSchoolofForeignStudiesHuanggangNormalUniversitySeptember,2012,范例,确定关键词：中心火锅hotpot细节文化元素culturalelements/ingredients/terms文化名人culturalcelebrity,提示语的翻译,文化“火锅”，既美味又营养Thecaptionreads,“Culturalhotpot,bothdeliciousandnutritious”Lineoftextbelowthepicturereads,“Culturalhotpot,bothdeliciousandnutritious”,连词成句,宏观概述+细节描述一个大大的火锅，火锅里有很多东西方文化元素的名字，比如：莎士比亚、孔子、京剧、天鹅湖等。Thereisahotpotinthepicture.Inthehotpotwecanseemanyculturalterms,suchas.,改善表达,Inthepicturestandsahotpot,whichcontains/containing/inwhichwecanseeavarietyof/variousculturalterms/ingredients/elementsofbothwesternandeasternbackground,suchasShakespeare,Confucius,BeijingOpera,SwanLakeandsoon.,段落合成,（宏观概述）Inthepictureaboveis/standsalargehotpot,（细节描述)whichcontainsavarietyof/variousculturalterms/ingredients/elementsofbothwesternandeasternbackground,suchasShakespeare,Confucius,BeijingOpera,SwanLakeandsoon.（提示语翻译）Thecaptionreads,“Culturalhotpot,bothdeliciousandnutritious”（结尾套话）Bycarefullyexaminingthispicture,wefindadeepersocialmessageistransmittedtous.,练习,确定关键词：中心残疾人disabled/handicappedmen相互搀扶help/supporteachotherwithfirmhands向前奔跑running/walking/stridingforward细节扔下拐杖crutchesleftbehind两腿绑在一起legsboundtogether,legsboundtogether,crutchesleftbehind,caption,running/walking/stridingforward,连词成句宏观概述+细节描述,两个残疾青年，抛开拐杖，两腿绑在一起，相互搀扶正在向前奔跑。Twodisabledyoungmen,withcrutchesleftbehindandlegsboundtogether,aresupportingeachotherwiththeirfirmhandsandrunningforwardontheground.Twohandicappedyoungmenarestridingforwardontheground.Crutchesleftbehindandlegsboundtogether,theyaresupportingeachotherwiththeirfirmhands.,提示语的翻译,你一条腿我一条腿你我一起走南闯北Thecaptionindicatesthattheycantravelnorthandsouthextensivelywithcombinedlegs.Thecaptionreads,“Youhaveonly/merelyonelegandsodoI.Helpingeachother,wecantravelallaround”,合成语段,（宏观概述）Asisvividlydepictedinthepicture,therearetwodisabled/handicappedyoungmenrunning/walking/stridingforward(现在分词伴随状语)ontheground/inthefields.（细节描述）Legsboundtogetherandcrutchesleftbehind,theyaresupportingeachotherwiththeirfirmhands.（提示语翻译）“Youhaveonly/merelyonelegandsodoI.Helpingeachother,wecantravelallaround”,thecaptionreads.（结尾套话）Bycarefullyexaminingthispicture,wefindadeepersocialmessageistransmittedtous.,描述段写法总结：,第1句：宏观概括(图画最直观信息，中心事物)第2-3句：细节描述（中心事物周围相关的事物）第4句：提示语翻译第5句：结尾套话,Moreexamples:,1.如图所示，在椅子上有一个年轻人，希望理发师把自己的头发理成贝克汉姆的样子。Asisvividlydrawninthepicture,inthechairsitsayoungman,havinghishaircutascoolasDavidBeckham.,倒装,非谓语动词/非限定性定语从句,With结构,(改）Asisvividlyshowninthephoto,inthesunshinestandsaprettyAmericangirl,(whois)intraditionalChinesecostume,wearingnecklaceanditslike,withasweetsmileonherface.,2.初写：ThereisaprettyAmericangirlinthepicture.ThegirlisinChinesetraditionalcostumeandwearsnecklace.Sheissmilinghappily.,3.如图所示，黑暗中有一盏小小的油灯，它向周围散发着光亮。Asisshowninthecartoon,inthedarknesshappilystandsacandle.Itspreadsbrightnessarounditself.Asisshowninthecartoon,inthedarknesshappilystandsacandle,spreadingbrightnessarounditself.,4.Asisshowninthecartoon,ontheplaygroundrunsayoungman,rushingtothefinal,whichisdefinedasanotherstartone.,5.（2009）Asisillustratedinthecartoon,1each(every)personsitsintheirownworkroom.Infrontofthemisacomputer.Everyonelooksatthescreencarefully,andcommunicateswiththeircolleaguesthroughthenetinsteadoftalkingfacetoface.Theirworkplacesareplacedlikeanet.2Andbelowthecartoon,thereisatopicwhichsays:thenearandfaramongtheInternet.3,描述段写作套路与表达,(宏观概括)Asisvividlydepicted/portrayedinthepicture,中心事物动作或状态+(细节描述)with/ing/ed/which/who+(提示语翻译)Thecaptionindicatesthat/reads：“”+(结尾套话)Bycarefullyexaminingthispicture,wefindadeepersocialmessageistransmittedtous.,第一段常用首句写法,1.Thepicture/drawing/cartoon/abovevividly/interestingly/humorouslydescribe+名词这幅图生动地/有2.Indicatedaboveisapicturethatportrays+名词如图所示，上面的图画描述了。趣地/幽默地描述了。3.Asisshown/depictedintheabovepicture,如图所示（后接完整单独句子描写图画）。4.Thereare,accordingtothisvividpicture,ayoungboy,第一段常用末句写法,1.Butisthiswhattheauthormeanstotellus?Certainlynot.但是这真是作者想要告诉我们的吗？当然不是了。2.Funny(Simple)asthepictureis,thesymbolicmeaningisasdeepasocean.尽管图画很有趣（简单），图画的含义确如大海一样深。3.Theauthorsrealpurposeisnotthefactitself,buttoleadustofindwhathidesbehindtheiceberg.作者的真实目的不是图画本身，而是要引导我们去探求在图画背后究竟隐藏着什么。,Exercise,以上的照片生动地显示出来，相貌英俊的英国足球巨星贝克汉姆在年轻人中广受欢迎。在第一张照片中，贝克汉姆的名字出现在一个年轻人的额头上，文字表明：对偶像的崇拜写在了脸上。在第二张照片中，这个年轻人正在理发店中做贝克汉姆的时髦发型。我们得到的信息是他正花300元来模仿偶像的发式(2006年）,Exercise,Asisvividlydepictedinthephotosabove,Beckham,thehandsomeBritishfootballsuperstar,isenjoyingastrikingpopularityamongyoungpeople.Inthefirstphoto,Beckhamsnameappearsonayoungmansface.Thecaptionindicatesthatworshipfortheidoliswrittenontheface.Inthesecondphoto,thisyoungmanisdoingBeckhamschichairstyleinabarbershop.Weareinformedthatheisspending300yuanimitatinghisidolshairdo.,正如图画形象地描绘，一个男人和女人，可能是一对情人，在游览的小船上享乐，并把各种各样的垃圾扔进湖里，如：鱼骨、套餐、塑料袋等。图画下写着说明文字：“旅途之余”。(2011年）,Asisvividlysketchedoutinthedrawing,amanandawoman,probablyacouple,areenjoyingthemselvesinasightseeingboat,throwingvariousrubbishintothelake,suchasfishbones,foodcontainers,andplasticbags.Writtenbelowthepictureisthecaption:“TheleftoversoftheJourney”.,（二）图画作文写作,考研论说文1.框架结构：,第一段：图画描述，3句总体描述：人物/动物/事物动作/服装环境/表情，1句挖掘细节词、串连成句：12句文字说明/象征寓意：1句,第二段：意义阐释，5句主题句：象征寓意，1句论证：3句基础一般的同学：讲原因：讲故事：联系现实：图画作文创作原则（以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体，具体想为抽象）小结：1句,第二段：意义阐释，5句主题句：象征寓意，1句论证：3句基础较好的同学：五大角度：背景、事实、反方观点、原因、后果六种手段：因果、分类、定义解释、统计事实、举例、正反论证小结：1句,第三段：建议措施，4句结论句：1句针对双方提建议：2句包装结尾、展望未来：1句,2.启承转合：,启：启动观点、开篇点题承：观点承接、正面论证First(ly)InthefirstplaceFirstandforemostAboveallOntheonehandForonething,Second(ly)InthesecondplaceBesidesInadditionWhatismoreFurthermoreMoreoverOntheotherhandForanotherThird(ly)(The)Lastbutnot(the)leastMoreimportantlyEvenworse,转：观点转折、反面论证ConverselyNeverthelessUnfortunatelyWhereasYetInsteadIn/Bycomparison/contrast,Onthecontrary,合：文章结尾、合并归纳Asaresult/consequenceConsequentlyAccordinglyThusHenceGenerally/Brieflyspeaking,3.图画作文范文1.2003Directions:Studythefollowingpicturescarefullyandwriteanessayabout200wordsbasedonthefollowingdescribethesetofdrawingsandinterpretitsmeaningpointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.,范文：【第一段】Thesetofdrawingsabovevividlydepictsthedestinyofaflowerindifferentcircumstances.Asisshowninthefirstcartoon,theflowerisplacedinacomfortablegreenhousewhichsheltersitfromthethreateninglighteningandstorm.Withpropertemperature,moistureandfertilizer,theflowerisgrowinginfullbloom.Onthecontrary,whenremovedfromthegreenhouseandexposedtothedrivingrain,theflowersoonfadesandwithers,withthepetalscastaboutonthegrounds.,【第二段】Tobeginwith,thepurposeofthedrawingsistoshowusthattheflowergrowinginthegreenhousecannotwithstandthetestofthestorm,yetthesymbolicmeaningssubtlyconveyedshouldbetakenmoreseriously.Thedelicateflowerisnaturallyassociatedwithyoungpeople,tobespecific,theonlychildreninourcurrentsociety;thegreenhouseepitomizesparentsdotingcareandabundantmaterialsuppliesthatcanshieldthechildrenfromthestorms,ortheharshreality.Oncetheyoungpeoplebegintoseekindependenceandacceptchallengesfromtherealworld,theyarefoundtoospoiledtobestrongenoughinthefaceofdifficulties.,【第三段】Accordingly,itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationsfromthesethought-provokingdrawings.Ontheonehand,wecanfrequentlyusethemtoenlightentheyouthtobemoreindependentinlife.Ontheotherhand,parentsshouldbesensibleenoughtogivetheirchildrenmorefreedomtodealwithtroublesandproblems.Onlybyundergoingmorechallengesandtoilsinadversitycanyoungpeoplecultivatestrongpersonalityandability,andonlyinthiswaycantheybecomewinnersinthiscompetitiveworld.,2.【2006】Directions:Studythefollowingphotoscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushoulddescribethephotosbriefly;interpretthesocialphenomenonreflectedbythem,giveyourpointofview.Youshouldwrite160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points),图一：把崇拜写在脸上。,图二：花300元做个小贝头。,注：Beckham（贝克汉姆）：英国足球明星。,Thephotosvividlydepictthatnowadaysmanypeople,especially,youngfellowsaretracingsuchfashion.ThefirstonesignedthenameofBeckhamonhisleftface,whilethesecondoneaskedthehairdressertocopythehairstyleofBeckhamwithabout300yuan.Bothofthemaretypicalfansofthewell-knownBritishfootballplayerBeckham.,【18分样文】,Thiskindofsocialphenomenonisnotentirelyacoincidence.Therearereasonsaccountingforthisfashion.Firstly,withtherapiddevelopmentofsociety,somepeoplefeeldullanddesperateaboutthereality,sotheydesiretofindsomefamouspeopleastheiridols.Intheway,theyfeelsatisfiedwiththeirlifeandhaveagoaltoachieve.Secondly,justoppositetotheabove,othersarejustfashiontracers.Theybarelywanttoshowthattheyarekeepingstepwiththefashion.Thirdly,somepeopleevendonthaveanyspecialpurposebuttodoitasothers.Intheirdeepheart,theydonttreatitasfashionbutasfun.,Franklyspeaking,thissocialphenomenonisverydangeroustothewholesociety.Someyoungmenspendmostoftheirtimedecoratingthemselvesastheiridols.Asaresult,theydonthaveenoughtimetostudyorwork,thentheyarealwaysleftbehind.Moreover,itisharmfultotheestablishmentofaharmonioussociety.Todrawaconclusion,wedontdenythatpeopleshouldhavetheiridolstoadmire,butinasensibleway.Theycanlearnfromwhattheyhaveachievedandtrytobehavethatway.Andalsoparentsshouldgiveproperadvicetotheirchildrentoformaproperoutlookoftheworld.,图画作文出题特征,图片描述-概述图片的表面信息；图片寓意-图片作者通过图片欲揭示的深层次寓意，分析原因或根源；评论、建议或感想-根据图片寓意畅谈感想，作出评论或提出建议，为或得高分，考生通常需结合本人的看法和观点。,语段写作拔高思路,LiuShenghuaSchoolofForeignStudiesHuanggangNormalUniversitySeptember,2012,LinChi-lingwasbornin1974.LinChi-lingis1.75m.LinChi-lingisasupermodelinTaiwan.LinChi-lingwasselectedas“TaiwansBeauty”in2003.LinChi-lingreplacedStephanie.,小句表达：,提升后的句子：,Bornin1974andwithaheightof1.75m,LinChi-ling,asupermodelinTaiwan,wasselectedtoreplaceStephanieas“TaiwansBeauty”in2003.,Bornin1974andwithaheightof1.75m,伴随状语介词短语LinChi-ling,asupermodelinTaiwan,同位语wasselectedtoreplaceStephanie不定式as“TaiwansBeauty”in2003.时间状语,分析：,语段提升之描写篇,1）“弱智化思考，高起点表达”nomissinginformation“1900年海里有很多很多的鱼，而海面上只有很少很少的捕鱼船。然而，到了1995年，海面上的捕鱼船越来越多，黑压压的一片，海里的鱼则变得越来越少，几乎快要灭绝”,弱智化思考nomissinginformation“1900年海里有很多很多的鱼，而海面上只有很少很少的捕鱼船。然而，到了1995年，海面上的捕鱼船越来越多，黑压压的一片，海里的鱼则变得越来越少，几乎快要灭绝”,In1990,thereweredifferentkindsoffishesintheseaandthereareonlyafewfishing-boatsonthesea.However,in1995,fishing-boatswerebecomingmoreandmorewhilethefishesintheseaarebecomingfewerandfewer,evenwilldieout.,高起点替换词：很多很多：agreatmany,alargequantityof,amultitudeof,plentyof,ahostof,anarrayof,awealthof各种各样的：awidevarietyof,various,numerous,manifold,高起点：In1990,theseaaboundedinfishwithafewfishingboatsfloatingonthesurface.Bycontrast,withtheelapseoftime,commercialfishinghasbeenthrivingandfishingboatsareencroachinguponthesea.Asaresult,thenumberoffisheshasbeendwindlingdramatically.,【低层次】In1990,thereweredifferentkindsoffishesintheseaandthereareonlyafewfishing-boatsonthesea.However,in1995,fishing-boatswerebecomingmoreandmorewhilethefishesintheseaarebecomingfewerandfewer,evenwilldieout.,【更高层次】In1990,theseaaboundedinfishwithafewfishingboatsfloatingonthesurface.Bycontrast,withtheelapseoftime,commercialfishinghasbeenthrivingandfishingboatsareencroachinguponthesea.Asaresult,thenumberoffisheshasbeendwindlingdramatically.,比较：,2)总括描写与分述描写相结合,Asisunfoldedinthepictures（“如图所示”经典开篇句），withrampantworldcommercialfishinginthepastcentury（1900-1995），oceanresourceshaveregisteredanunprecedentedcrisis：thenumberoffisheshasbeenshrinkingatanastonishingrate.(总括描写揭示图画主题)In1990,theseaaboundedinfishwithafewfishingboatsfloatingonthesurface.Bycontrast,withtheelapseoftime,commercialfishinghasbeenthrivingandfishingboatsareencroachinguponthesea.Asaresult,thenumberoffisheshasbeendwindlingdramatically.（分述描写具体勾勒）,如图所示：,Asisvividlydescribeddepictedinthepicturecartoondrawing；ThepicturecartoondrawingshowsthatWecanseeclearlyfromthepicturecartoondrawingthatThepicturecartoondrawingshowsthatAscanbeseenfromthepicturecartoondrawing,Exercise,Asisvividlydepictedinthedrawing，afootballplayerisfullypoisedtotakeashotattheopponentsgoal，whileagoal-keeperisonfullalertagainsttheplayerssuddenattack.Intheplayersmind，thegoalistoosmallandthegoal-keeperislikeagiantfillingupthegoal.However,quiteamusingly，thegoal-keepervisualizeshimselfasadwarfagainstsuchanenormouslybiggoal.,考研图画作文拔高思路寓意阐述篇,写作思路：主题句揭示寓意或者图画所描述的现象在生活中的反映。通过举例子或分析原因或比较利弊等等方式展开论证。最后或重申寓意或指明结果或归纳意义进行小结。,Itisevidentthatthepicturesaretoawakenustothefactthatthereisagrowingurgencytoprotectourpreciousoceanresources.（开篇主题句揭示象征意义或寓意）Asaconsequenceofover-fishing，thisspeciesiscrawlingtowardsthebrinkofextinction.(分析原因)Ifweletitgoasitis，wecanmostassuredlypredictthattheexistingoceanresourceswillbedrainedintheforeseeablefuture.Bythen，theecologicalbalancewillhavebeenupset，whichinturnwillplaygreathavocwithhumanbeingsatlarge.(指明结果),2001Asshowninthepicture，loveislikealampwhichshinesbrightestinthedarkplaces.Thistellsusasimpletruth：Loveislikealamp;itismostvaluablewhenitismostneeded.,2002Withtheamazingadvanceoftechnologyandeconomy，theworldisshrinkinginto“aglobalvillage”，makingculturalexchangesbetweencountriesmoreandmorefrequent.,其他题目,2003Apparently，theFlowerinthegreenhousecannotwithstandwindandrains.However，whatthissetofdrawingsconveysgoesfarbeyondthat：Theprotectionofthegreenhouseistothedelicateflowerwhatparentsexcessiveloveandcaringistothegrowthoftheirchildren.,2004Clearly，thiscartoonconveystoustheimplicationthatlifeisajourneyinwhichoneshouldmakeunremittingeffortsandcanneveraffordtorestinhislaurel.Dobearinourmind：onedestinationisnothingbutanotherstartingpoint.,2005Whatthecartoonportraysisthought-provoking，andwhatitillustratedisacommoncaseintodayssociety：manygrown-upsevadetheresponsibilityoftakingcareoftheiragingparents.,2006Recentyearshaswitnessedacrazeof“IdolComplex”.Millionsofyoungmenandwomenmayfallintotheenthusiasticfansofstars，suchasfilmstars，popstarsandsportsstars,2007Thepictureintendstotellusthatboththefootballplayerandthegoal-keeperoverestimateothersstrengthandunderestimatetheirown，aclearsignoflackofself-confidenceinthepresenceofchallenges.,2008Thisfar-reachingcartoonremindsusoftheimportanceofcooperation.Inasocietywherecompetitionissofierce,cooperationisgoingtoplayanincreasinglyimportantrole.,考研写作报告思路措施篇,第一条：政府采取措施制定相关法律法规政府：governmentAuthorities（authoritiesconcerned/atalllevel；thelocalauthorities）制定法律、法规：makestricterlawsLaydown/issue/formulate/releasesomestrict/hardandfast/inviolable/related/relevantlaws/rulesandregulations应该:should/oughtto/mustBesupposedto/beexpectedto/mayaswell,第二条：广大民众或当事人提高觉悟，加强警惕民众：peopleallovertheworld/acrossthesociety/concerned/inallwalksoflifeThepublic/themasses/theaveragepeople/thevastmajorityofpeoplePeopleinurbanareas/fromruralareasLocalresidents提高觉悟，加强警惕：sharpen/raise/cultivate/enhanceonesawareness/consciousnessBealerttosth/that+从句Bekeenlyawareofsth/that+从句,第三条：切实可行的措施Only+by+具体行动+达到的实际目的eg：DuststormOnlybyplantingmoretreescanwereclaimthelostlandandbringduststormundercontrol.,Confrontedwithsuchadeplorablesituation，wefinditimperativetourgeanendtothistrend.Oneviablemeasurewouldbethatweshouldappealtotheauthoritiesconcernedtolaydownstringentlawstocoolthefrenzyofcommercialfishing（政府制定法律或规章制度）anotheristhatweshouldcultivateanawarenessamongthegeneralpublicthatoceanresourcesarevitaltous.（广大民众提高觉悟，加强警惕）Withoutthem，theworldwouldbetoodullandourlifetoohumdrum.Weretheapproachesadopted，fishwouldbeflourishingandlivingmerrily.Also,Iamfirmlyconvincedthatmankindcantideoverthisdifficultyandusherinabrightfuture.,范文赏析：cooperation,Asissymbolicallyillustratedinthepicture,leavingthecrutchesbehind,twocrippledpeoplearestrivingtostarttheirnewjourneybysupportingeachother.Disabilityisnolongeranobstacleforthem;theyareheadingsteadilyfortheirdestinationwitheachothersassistance.Thecaptionindicates,“YouhavemerelyonelegandsodoI.helpingeachother,wecantravelfarandwide.”,Thisfar-reachingcartoonremindsusoftheimportanceofcooperation.Inasocietywherecompetitionissofierce,cooperationisgoingtoplayanincreasinglyimportantrole.Itservesasasupportthatencouragespeopleandhelpspeopleachievesuccess.Withoutcooperation,itwouldbedifficultforanindividualtoachievehisgoalinhiscareer.Nowadays,whentheworldisgrowingmoreandmorecompetitive,onlywithteamworkcanweachieveourgoals.AcaseinpointisthelaunchingofChangeNo.1lunarprobe,anexcellentexamplethatprovesthatitisthejointeffortsofallthescientiststhatcontributetotheproject.Thispicture,inthefinalanalysis,isintendedtoshowusthevitalrolecooperationplaysinpeopleslife.Asanoldsayinggoes:Unityisstrength.letscooperatewitheachother,rainorshine,sothatwewillbefullofconfidenceandnolongerbehighanddrynomatterwhatdifficultiesweconfront.,Modifyingyourexpressions:,1:individuals,characters,folks代替(people,persons)2:positive,favorable,rosy(美好)，promising(有希望)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding代替good3:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的)代替bad如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive代替,eg.Anarmyofcollegestudentsindulgethemselvesinplayinggames,enjoyingromancewithgirls/boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms.Whenitapproachestograduation,asaresult,theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive.,4:(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,many,ifnotmost)代替many.注：用many,ifnotmost一定要小心，many后一定要有词。Eg.Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat.同理用most,ifnotall,代替most.,5:asliceof,quietafew,sev