英语名词的单复数形式

词性分类,7.12,名词,noun,n.,CountableC,UncountableU,theEarth、China、theGreatWall,可数名词,复数形式变化,一般情况下,在词尾直接加s,bookbookscapcapstreetreesdogdogs,以-s、-x、-ch、-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es,glass-bus-box-watch-brush-,glasses,buses,boxes,watches,burshes,stomach-stomachs,1.规则变化,部分以-f、-fe结尾的名词,把-f或-fe改为-v再加-es,self-selvesthief-thievesknife-knivesshelf-shelvesleaf-leaveslife-liveswife-wiveshalf-halveswolf-wolves,妻见小偷架下藏手拿小刀想杀狼谁知落下半片叶砸在头上一命亡,roof-roofsbelief-beliefsproof-proofs,证据,有些只能加-s，如：,以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,把-y改为-i再加-es,baby-story-country-party-,babies,stories,countries,parties,以元音字母加-y结尾的单词直接加-s,boy-boysday-days,a、e、i、o、u,以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词,词尾加-es,potato-potatoeshero-heroestomato-tomatoesNegro-Negroes,黑人,Negroesandheroesliketoeatpotatoesandtomatoes,photo、piano、radio、zoo只加-s要记住,2.不规则变化,元音字母发生变化,改-a为-e,改-oo为-ee,man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenspaceman-spacemen,foot-feettooth-teethgoose-geese,单复数同形,sheep-sheepdeer-deerfish-fishpeople-people,注意：fish表示“鱼肉”是不可数名词表示“鱼的多少”时，是可数名词，但单数和复数同形如：Therearemanyfishintheriver.强调“鱼的种类”时，复数是fishes如：Therearemanykindsoffishesintheriver.,有些名词常以复数形式出现,trousers、socks、gloves、shoes,注意：要表达它们的量，常借助pair一词如：apairoftrousers一条裤子twopairsofgloves两副手套,表示“某国人”,单复数同形,词尾加-s,变man为men,aChinese-twoChineseaJapanese-twoJapanese,German-GermansAmerican-Americans,Englishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-Frenchmen,其他形式,child-childrenmouse-mice,“the+姓氏复数”表示“一家人或夫妇二人”例如：theGreens格林一家格林夫妇theBlacks布莱克一家布莱克夫妇名词作定语时，不用复数形式例如：ashoeshop一家鞋店anappletree一棵苹果树appletreeses苹果树man,woman作定语时，如果后面的名词是复数，则man、woman也要跟着变成复数如：awomanteacher-twowomenteathers,不可数名词,可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语alotoflotsof,some,much,alittle,little,plentyof,abitof,alargeamountof,数词+容器+of+不可数名词aglassofwater-twoglassesofwater,常用的不可数名词food,meat,fish,chicken,pork,beef,orange,milk,tea,water,bread,homework,news,paper,rain,snow,air,maths,Chinese,work,fun,imformation,advice,既能做可数名词，又能做不可数名词,1.-Howmanydoyouwant?-Akilo，please.A.potatoB.breadC.bananasD.milk,2.-Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?-Yes,please.A.twocupofcoffeeB.twopiecesofbreadC.twocupsofcoffeeC.twohamburgers,3.-WomensDayiscoming.Illdosomethingformyteachers.Canyougiveme?-Ok.Noproblem!Youcanbuysomeflowersfor.A