人教版英语--主语从句完整ppt课件

U4主语从句,.,2,一、主语从句的定义二、引导主语从句的关联词三、主语从句三要素四、主语从句的注意问题五、练习,.,3,RelatedConception(相关概念),1.名词:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,TeboyisliMing.,主语,表语,Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.,主语,同位语,宾语,.,4,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句(TheSubjectClause),宾语从句(TheObjectClause),表语从句(ThePredicativeClause),同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause),.,5,Grammar,3.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.,Whatpartdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence?,2.Smokingisbadforyou.,1.Youareastudent.,4.“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.,5.Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.,6.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.,7.Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.,subject,AsentenceservingassubjectiscalledSubjectClause.主语从句,.,6,主语从句,充当主语的句子叫主语从句Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious.,.,7,Howyougotmeblindisstillamystery.Thatshewonthegamemadeherveryhappy.Whathesaidisnottrue.Whattheyneedisadictionary.,结论主语从句多位于_,句首主语的位置,Trytodrawaconclusion.,.,8,Whowillgomakesnodifference.Whichisthebestisnotcertain.Whydinosaursdiedoutisstillunknown.Whenwewillgettogetherhasnotbeendecided.Howshecankeephealthyisasecret.Whetherhewillcomeisnotveryimportant.,Whowillgo,Whichisthebest,Whydinosaursdiedout,Whenwewillgettogether,Howshecankeephealthy,Whetherhewillcome,找出主语从句,.,9,引导主语从句的关联词有三类：1)从属连词that如:Thattheyweretruesisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。NOTE:that不可省，无意义，起连接作用；从句结构完整。2)从属连词whetherWhetherhellcomehereisntclear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,连接副词where,when,how,why。Whatshedidisnotyetknown.她干了什么尚不清楚。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。Whoevercomesiswelcome.不论谁来都欢迎。,.,10,4)有时用it作形式主语，将主语从句后置,这样做是为了避免句子头重脚轻。,常用句型如下：It+be+名词+that从句It+be+形容词+that从句It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句It+be+不及物动词+that从句,.,11,由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。例如:,1.Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible._2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._,*it为形式主语,Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.,Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.,.,12,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:1)Itis+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat.遗憾的是Itisasurprisethat令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识*_(很遗憾)welostthematch.*_(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.,Itisapitythat,Itisafactthat,.,13,2)Itis+adj.+从句Itscertainthat肯定Itispossiblethat.很可能Itisunlikelythat.不可能Itisobviousthat很明显Itisnecessaryimportantnatural.that*_(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.,+(should)+do,Itispossiblethat,Itisobviousthat,.,14,3)It+be+过去分词+从句Itissaidthat.据说Itisknowntoallthat.众所周知Itisreportedthat.据报道Itisbelievedthat.据信;人们相信Itissuggestedthat+(should）do.建议Itmustbeadmittedthat必须承认Itcannotbedeniedthat不可否认Itmustbepointedoutthat需指出的是*_(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*_(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.,Itisreportedthat,Itissuggestedthat,.,15,4)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起Itappearsthat似乎*_(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*_(我突然想起)Iforgettosendtheletter.,Ithappenedthat,Itoccurredtomethat,.,16,主语从句三要素,hebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.,whatyoutoldmeistrue.,How,从句用陈述语序谓语动词一般用单数不能省略关联词,.,17,主语从句的注意问题,1.一个句子作主语时，主句的谓语动词应为单数。Whetherhewillcomedependsontheweather.2.what引导的句子作主语时，谓语动词的数由句子的内容决定（即由表语决定)。WhatIwantismoney.WhatweneedaregoodbooksWhathesaidisreasonable.Whatwewilldohasntbeendecided.,.,18,3.wherehewasbornandwherehelivesnowarenotclear.eg:Whereandwhenhewasbornremainsasecret.注意：两个或两个以上的主从联合做主语，主句谓语动词应为复数。两个或两个以上的连词引导一个从句，主句谓语动词应为单数。4.whetherhewillcomeisntclear.(不能换成if)eg:Itisntclearwhether/ifhewillcome.(可以与if进行替换),注意：如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.,.,19,5.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,而that则不然。1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.,that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。,.,20,(3)Thatmoreandmorestudentsareadmittedintouniversitiesistrue.译为：_(4)Whatisneededfortheprogramismorewisdom.译为：_,这个项目所需要的是更多的智慧。,越来越多的学生将被大学录取的消息是真实的。,.,21,从上面例句可以看出，that引导主语从句时，在句中具有“两不”原则：一、不作句子成分；二、没有实际意义。当它引导的主语从句置于句首时，that不能省略；如果用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，that可以省略。而what引导的从句则恰恰相反，what在从句中的作用为：一、作句子成分；二、除了起到引导从句的作用外还要承担具体的意义,.,22,_hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How,2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,3._isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.A.WhichB.AsC.WhatD.It,.,23,4.Itsknowntousall_aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.ThatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave,.,24,7._makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.AWhatBWhoCWhateverDWhoever,.,25,6.Whateverandwhoever,Whatever=anythingthatWhoever=anyonewho不管是谁犯了法,他都应该受到惩罚。Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.=Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.,.,26,4.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.AwhateverBthatCwhichDwhichever,.,27,7.用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat.句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时有感情色彩。Itbesuggested/advised/ordered/requestedthatsb(should)dosth,.,28,【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshescomingornotdoesntmattermuch.,That,that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。,Whether,if,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。,.,29,3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.,What,that引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”。,将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。,.,30,5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetin