比较级和最高级的用法44114ppt课件

.,1,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,Unit4,.,2,形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.,一、形容词和副词的概念,.,3,形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如:anewbook,twobigtrees等。,二、形容词和副词的用法,形容词放在系动词be、look、get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.Iamshort.2.Shelooksfine.3.Theyturngreen.,.,4,如果形容词修饰不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。如:somethinginterestingnothingnew,副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如:1.Sheworkshard.（修饰动词）2.Iamverybusy.（修饰形容词）3.Herunstooquickly.（修饰副词）4.Weplayhappily.（修饰动词）,.,5,通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。,slow_real_usual_careful_easy_happy_heavy_angry_,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,.,6,单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：,.,7,双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的特殊情况：,1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifulinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingdangerousmoredangerousmostdangerous2、某些单音节形容词，加more,most构成比较级和最高级。gladmoregladmostgladpleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedtiredmoretiredmosttiredoften-moreoften-mostoften,.,8,不规则变化，要多加注意哦！,goodbadmanylittle,wellbadlymuchfar,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,better,best,farther,farthest,worse,worst,more,most,.,9,important_easy_wet_happy_careful_thin_good_hot_easily_many_nice_big_heavy_delicious_much_,给出下列词的比较级和最高级,moreimportant,mostimportant,easier,easiest,wetter,wettest,happier,happiest,morecareful,mostcareful,thinner,thinnest,better,best,hotter,hottest,moreeasily,mosteasily,more,most,nicer,nicest,bigger,biggest,heavier,heaviest,moredelicious,mostdelicious,more,most,.,10,三、形容词和副词的级,形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。small,good,pretty,big,manyhard,happily,slowly,quickly程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。如：verytall、toohot、socoldquiteinterestingrunquickly,.,11,asas,(与一样）notas（so)as（与不一样）中间用原级。Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.,2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than(比）单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more.如:smaller,better,taller,older,more,hardermoreinteresting,morequickly,3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。标志词：in+大范围,ofall,of+the+具体的数字表示“最”的意思。（两者以上用最高级）单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most.在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如：smallest,tallest,newest,bestmostinteresting,mostdifficultly,.,12,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,big,bigger,biggest,.,13,fast,faster,fastest,Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看图并理解,.,14,GeYouisfunny.ZhaoBenshanisfunnier.PanChangjiangisthefunniestofthem.,.,15,肥肥-沈殿霞,100kg,heavy,theheaviest,Mr.Wang,Mr.Li,MissShenisheavy.Mr.Wangisheavier.Mr.Liistheheaviestofthethree.,.,16,形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法,1.比较级+than，意思为“A比B更”。eg.Thistreeistallerthanthatone.2、asas:与一样；notas/soas:不及,比不上,中间用原型如：Sheisasbeautifulashersister.她跟她姐姐一样漂亮。Themovieisnotso/asgoodaswehadexpected.这部电影没有我们想象的那么好看。,.,17,3.“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示“越来越”如：Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。Itisgettingcoolerandcooler.天气越来越凉爽。Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily.风变得越来越大。Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。,.,18,4.Who/which+比较级，AorB?在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?5.“the+比较级,the+比较级”，表示“越越”。Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。Thesooner，thebetter.越快越好。,.,19,6.表示倍数的比较级用法：.Aistimesthesize/height/length/widthofB.如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高).Aistimesasbig/high/long/wide/largeasB.如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍).Aistimeslarger/higher/longer/widerthanB.如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。,.,20,最高级的表达方法,1、the+最高级+of/in如：Heisthetalleststudentsinourclass.他是我们班最高的学生。2、Who/which+be+最高级，A,BorC?如：WhichisthebiggestcityinChina,Beijing,ShanghaiorHongKong?哪个是中国最大的城市，北京，上海还是香港？,.,21,3、oneofthe+最高级+复数名词如：Changjiangisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.长江是世界上最长的河流之一。4、the+序数词+最高级+单数名词如：Changjiangisthesecondlongestriverintheworld.长江是世界第二长河。,.,22,5、the+最高级+thatsb.Have/haseverdone如：ThisisthemostexcitedfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的最好看的电影。,.,23,Moreexamples:1.Maryisclevererthanherlittlesister.2.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.3.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.4.KateismorebeautifulthanLilyis.5.SheisfiveyearsolderthanIam.6.Heis2centimeterstallerthanher.7.Thisruleris20centimeterslongerthanthatone.,.,24,Moreexamples:1.Heistheyoungestofallthechildren.2.Thisbookisthemostinterestingofallbooks.3.Americaisthemostdevelopedcountryintheworld.4.TheChangjiangRiveristhelongestriverinChina.5.HeisoneofthegreatestscientistsinChina.6.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.7.Lucyisoneofthetallestgirlsinherclass.8.Givemybestwishestoyou.9.Heismybestfriend.,.,25,形容词最高级的用法(in;of)那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的.今天是一年中最热的一天.他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.上海是中国最大的城市.,Thegirlwithredhairisthetallestinourclass.,Todayisthehottestdayoftheyear.,Hisroomisthecleanestofthethree.,ShanghaiisthelargestinChina.,.,26,注意,1.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.,Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.,2.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethanmine.,如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。,比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在than或as之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词that，those,one,ones.,.,27,注意,3.KateismorebeautifulthanLilyis.SheisfiveyearsolderthanIam.,Idrinkmoreteathanhe(does).,than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词情态动词can,may,must,could,should和助动词do,does,did,will，have等来简答。,4.Ihavemorepensthanyou(do).,many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。,.,28,注意,5.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.,oneof+the+最高级+复数名词,Which/Who+比较级，AorB?Which/Who+最高级，A，BorC?,6.Whoisolder,JimorTom?Whoisthetallest,Jim,MikeorTom,Whichlanguageis_,English,FrenchorChinese?A.difficultB.moredifficultC.themostdifficult,C,.,29,注意,7.Maryisthetallestofallthesistersinthefamily.,在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在比较的范围内。,8.ThisisthethirdlargestcityinChina.,当表示“第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高级的前面加second,third,等词。,9.Itsourlargestmachineinourfactory.,当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.,.,30,3、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+than+比较对象”。eg:Theroadistwometreslongerthanthatone.这条公路比那条公路长两米。Thispencilisfourinchesshorterthanthatone.这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。4、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。friendlyhugecalmfreetrueclever,.,31,5、形容词原级的比较。形容词的原级与asas连用表示肯定意思，是“和一样”的意思；与notas/soas连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。Sheisasprettyashermother.Thebookisasnewasthatone.Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.Mybikeisnotas/sogoodasyours.,6、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(得多)，far(得多)，alittle(一点)，abit(一点)，alot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。eg:Iamevenlesslucky.Sheisfarbetterthanmeatwriting.Thispenismuchbetterthanthatone.TomisalittleshorterthanhisfriendJim.,.,32,7.形容词的比较级+and+形容词的比较级（前后形容词是同一个）越来越Sheisbecomingthinnerandthinner.Ourcountryisbecomingricherandricher.Therearemoreandmorestudentsinourschool.Livingintheworldisbecomingmoreandmoredifficult.,.,33,8、the+形容词的比较级+the+形容词的比较级表示“越，就越”Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.Theharderyoustudy,themoreyouwillget.Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcost.Thesooner,thebetter.,9、the+形容词比较级+of短语两者中比较的一个Sheistheprettierofthetwogirls.Thebikeistheolderofthetwo.Hisisthetallerofthetwo.Thisoneisthemorebeautifulofthethetwopicture.,10.表示“是的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。eg:Thisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Thisclassroomistwicebiggerthanthatone.,.,34,MakeComparisons,Writedownthecomparativesandthesuperlativesofthesewordsbignicelongnewcheapyounglatesafethirstyheavyeasyhardhighf