英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)

.,1,英语名词性从句,NounClause,.,2,起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。换言之，在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。,请思考,定语从句的定义：,起定语作用，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。,名词性从句定义,.,3,4、同位语从句(appositiveclause),分类,1、主语从句(subjectclause),2、表语从句(predicativeclause),3、宾语从句(objectclause),1、Englishisveryusefulforus.2、ThesubjectIaminterestedinisEnglish.3、WeneedtomasterEnglishwell.4、Hewanttolearnthelanguage,English.,请思考：,(主语),(宾语),(表语),(同位语),.,4,1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(),2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?(),F,T,T,F,名词性从句,名词性从句的语序,3.Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.(),T,判断下列句子是否正确，（TorF）,陈述语序,.,5,连接副词（4个）：when、why、where、how,引导词,从属连词（3个）：that、if、whether,连接代词（9个）：who、whom、what、which、whose、whoeverwhomever、whatever、whichever、,.,6,名词性从句引导词的用法（1）：,从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能，分别如下:,从属连词,“that”-无词义、不作成份、起连接作用,“if”-“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用,“whether”-“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用,.,7,1、Thatwewillrealizeourdreamsinthefutureiscertain.2、ThefactisthatBeijingwillhold29thOlympicGamesthisyear.3、Iknowthatwellbegunishalfdone.4、HeheardthenewsthatLiuxiangsetanewworldrecord.,“that”-无词义、不作成份、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,（同位语从句）,.,8,1、Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.,2、Shewontbelievethathehasbecomeathief.,3、Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.,4、Iknewthenewsthatourteamwonthematch.,5、Hissuggestionisthatweshouldfinishtheworkatonce.,说出从句部分及类别并翻译：,宾语从句,表语从句,表语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,.,9,that引导的名词性从句，作主语、表语、同位语时一般不能省略。在引导单个的宾语从句时可以省略-1/6但在以下几种情况中that不能省略：1）It做形式宾语的宾语从句；不能省2）并列宾语从句中，从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略；不能省3）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。,Rememberit,.,10,2.that的省略,1.Idontthink_sheiscoming.2.Itisapity_hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_heiscareless.4.Thenews_ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idontthinkitnecessary_youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme_hisfatherhaddiedand_hehadtomakealivingalone.7.Thereasonliesin_sheworksharderthantheothersdo.,请用that/(that)填空,A.(that)B.that,A,B,B,B,A,B,B,B,.,11,that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,Rememberit,.,12,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,1.that和what的选用,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,.,13,1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Theproblemiswhetheryoucouldgiveussomevaluableadvice.3、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.4、CouldyoutellmethequestionwhetherEnglishisusefulforusnow.,“whether”-“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,（同位语从句）,.,14,If只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。,If与whether的区别：,1、Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather.2、Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor.,请思考：,1、Itdependsonweatherifshewillcomebackontime.,2、Iaskedhimifhecoulddomeafavor.,.,15,2.if和whether的选用,名词性从句考点归纳,a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.介词后的宾语从句e.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodof.与ornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,不能使用if的情况:If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以,.,16,1、Iaskedher_shehadabike.2._wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4.Idontknow_heiswellornot.5.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.,if/whether,Whether,whether,whether/if,whether,whether,请用if/whether填空：,whether,.,17,连接代词,名词性从句引导词的用法（2）：,“who”-“谁”、作主语、起连接作用,“whom”-“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用,“what”-“事情”、作主表宾、起连接作用,“whose”-“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用,“which”-“哪-”、作定语、起连接作用,.,18,名词性从句考点归纳,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义，正确地选择who,which,when,where,why,how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,其它连接代词和副词的使用,.,19,名词性从句考点归纳,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idontknow_broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_Ileftmyglasses.,其它连接代词和副词的使用,When,who,what,where,.,20,“who”-“谁”、作主语、起连接作用,1、Whowillgotothecollegeisstilluncertain.2、Thetroubleiswhocouldlendmesomemoney.3、Hewanttoknowwhopickeduphismobilephone.,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,21,1、Whomyouwilllearnfromisworththinkingover.2、ThethingIamanxiousaboutiswhomhewillturntoforhelp.3、Hismotheraskedhimwhomhecouldbelievein.,“whom”-“谁”、作宾语、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,22,1、WhatIdesiretogetisagoodreputation.2、WhathewilltellmeiswhatIhavebeenexpectingtoknow.3、TheyagreewithwhatIsaidjustnow.,“what”-“事情”、作主表宾语、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,23,1、Whichclassissuitableforusisntmostimportant.2、Whathewantstoaskyounowiswhichteamwonthegame.3、Couldyoutellmewhichoneisright.,“which”-“哪-”、作定语、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,24,1、Whosebagwasthemostbeautifulisstillunknownnow.2、Thequestioniswhosefriendscouldlendmeahand.3、Iwanttoknowwhosesuggestionismorepractical.,“whose”-“谁的”、作定语、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,25,名词性从句引导词的用法（3）：,连接代词,“whomever”-“-的任何人”、作宾语、,“whoever”-“-的任何人”、作主语、,“whatever”-“-的任何东西”、作主表宾语、,“whichever”-“无论哪个或哪些-”、作定语、,.,26,“whoever”-“-的任何人”、作主语、起连接作用,1、Whoevercouldsolvetheproblemwillberewarded.2、ThepersonIwillpraiseiswhoevercouldworkoutthequestion.3、Youshouldappreciatewhoeverhelpedyouinthepast.,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,27,“whomever”-“-的任何人”、作宾语、起连接作用,1、Whomeveryouwillmeetinthemeetingisexcellent.2、ThepersonIcoulddependoniswhomeveryoubelievein.3、YoushouldlearnfromwhomeverIpraisedyesterday.,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,28,1、Whateveryoudidinthepastwasverymeaningful.2、Whatweshoulddoiswhateverisworthdoing.3、Weshoulddowhateverisworthdoing.,“whatever”-“-的任何东西”、作主表宾语、,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,29,“whichever”-“-的哪些或哪个”、作主、表、宾语、,1、Whicheverteamwinthegameispossible.2、ThefactiswhicheverteachercouldhelpyoulearnEnglishwell.3、Youcouldchoosewhicheverbookyouwant.,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,30,名词性从句引导词的用法（4）：,连接副词,“why”-“为什么”、作状语、起连接作用,“how”-“如何”、作状语、起连接作用,“where”-“什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用,“when”-“什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用,.,31,“when”-“什么时候”、作状语、起连接作用,1、Whenthemeetingwillbeginisntdecidednow.2、Thetroubleiswhenhecouldrecoverfromthedisease.3、Heaskeduswhenwewouldgraduatefromtheschool.,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,32,“where”-“什么地方”、作状语、起连接作用,1、WhereIcouldbuythebookisuncertainnow.2、Hisquestionwaswherewewouldholdtheopeningceremony.3、Icouldnttellyouwheretheyhavebeenliving.,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,33,1、Whyhekilledhimselfisstillasecretnow.2、Whatsurprisedmewaswhytheyfailedagain.3、IjustwanttoaskyouwhyIwasfired.,“why”-“为什么”、作状语、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,34,1、Howthethiefstolethebikeisstillamystery.2、Whattheprofessoraskeduswashowwecouldmakeourparentshappy.3、IwillgotoaskmyteacherhowIcouldworkouttheproblem.,“how”-“如何”、作状语、起连接作用,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,.,35,1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态。,a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的。Hebelieves_.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么。Pleasetellme_.,名词性从句考点归纳,宾语从句的时态呼应,hisdreamwillcometruesomeday,whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday,.,36,2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时,从句谓语通常用一般现在时。,a.他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。Hetoldme_.,名词性从句考点归纳,宾语从句的时态呼应,hewaspreparingfortheexamination,.,37,b.他说他已离开家乡十年了。Hetoldme_.c.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。Theteachertoldus_.,名词性从句考点归纳,宾语从句的时态呼应,hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears,lighttravelsinastraightline,.,38,用that/what填空：,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,.,39,_hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How,2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,3._isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry_theFirstWorld.A.Which;belongtoB.As,belongedtoC.What;belongingtoD.It;belongingto,名词性从句练习50题：,.,40,4.Itsknowntousall_aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.ThatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink_noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave,.,41,7._madetheschoolproudwas_morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A.What/becauseB.What/thatC.That/whatD.That/because8._shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What/whyB.That/whatC.What/becauseD.Why/that,9.Heisabsentfromschool.Itis_hewaspunished!A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason,.,42,10._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever11.Informationhasbeenputforward_moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.thatB.howC.whereD.what,12._isnopossibility_Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,which,.,43,13.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where14.Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited,.,44,15._fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which16.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that17.Wemadethesuggestionthathe_hiswork.A.continuesB.continueC.continuedD.hadcontinued,.,45,18.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor_buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever19.Marywroteanarticleon_theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.that(05)20.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept_helphecanget.(05)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever,.,46,21.Manynewspaperprintedthegovernorsstatement_wouldsupportataxcut.andheB.wasthatheC.whichheD.thathe22._manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun.WhichB.HowC.WhatD.That23.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.HoweverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,.,47,24.Canyoumakesure_thegoldrings?A.whereshehadputB.wherehadsheputC.whereshehasputD.wherehassheput,25.Thereasonthathehasbeensucceeding_henevergivesup.A.isB.isbecauseC.isthatD.iswhat,26._breaksthelawshouldbepunished.A.WhoeverB.NomatterwhoC.anyone.D.who,.,48,27.Thatis_Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway.A.whyB.reasonwhyC.howD.what28.Do_youthinkisright_difficultiesyoumayhave.A.what;howeverB.that;whateverC.whatever;whoeverD.what;whatever29.Theworkersconsidereditimportant_thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise.A.whetherB.howC.whereD.which,.,49,30.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether,31.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how,32.Difficultylies_wehavenomoney.A.thatB.inthatC.inthefactD.inthefactthat,33.Idontthinkthequestionof_theyareoldoryoungisimportant.A.whichB.whetherC.howD.why,.,50,34.Itmakesnodifference_youwillgotodayortomorrow.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what35._shouldbesenttoworkthere?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould,.,51,36.Thenews_LincolnwasmurderedfilledtheAmericanpeoplesheartswithdeepsorrow.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.how37._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeveryonepresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter38.Idonttrusthispromise_hewillbuymeanewcar.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that,.,52,39.Shereceivedthemessage_hewouldcomebyplane.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when40.Energyis_makesthingswork.A