牛津译林 模块七第三单元 语法 M7U3_Grammar_and_usage.ppt

M7U2,Grammarandusage(Auxiliaryverbs),助动词,本节课的教学目标,了解哪些动词是助动词；掌握助动词的用法；3.灵活运用助动词。,简单句的基本结构,主+谓(vi.)主+系+表主+谓(vt.)+宾主+谓(vt.)+间宾+直宾主+谓(vt.)+宾+宾补,Heleft.,Sheisadoctor.,Hepassedtheexam.,Mysistergavemeabook.,Youmadeherangry.,一般,简单句的基本结构,主+谓(vi.)主+系+表主+谓(vt.)+宾主+谓(vt.)+间宾+直宾主+谓(vt.)+宾+宾补,Heleft.,Sheisadoctor.,Hepassedtheexam.,Mysistergavemeabook.,Youmadeherangry.,一般现在/过去时态的陈述语气,1.Heleft.,2.Sheisadoctor.,3.Hepassedtheexam.,4.Mysistergavemeabook.,5.Youmadeherangry.,Hewillleave.,Issheadoctor?,Hedidpasstheexam.,Mysisterdidntgivemeanybooks.,Youshouldntmakeherangry.,他将要离开了。,她是医生吗？,他真的通过考试了。,我姐姐没有给我书。,你不应该让她生气。,助动词定义,Hewillleave.,Issheadoctor?,Hedidpassedtheexam.,Mysisterdidntgivemeanybooks.,Youshouldntmakeherangry.,Auxiliaryverbsareusedinformingtenses(时态),moods(情感)andvoices(语态、语气)ofotherverbs.,将来时态,疑问语气,强调语气,否定语气,情感,助动词分类,IamspeakinginfavouroftheInternet.AstudentwillfindabundantinformationontheInternet.Wehaveknownthetruth.Ishallbethereat8oclock.,am,will,have,shall,时态助动词,时态助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),will(would),shall(should),无意义。,WearehavinganEnglishclass.Ihaveseenthefilm.Hedidntgohomelastnight.WewillflyforAfricanextmonth.,帮助主要动词have构成现在进行时,帮助主要动词see构成现在完成时,帮助主要动词go构成一般过去时,帮助主要动词fly构成一般将来时,Whatsthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords?,Haveyoukeptthepointinyourmind?Areyouagoodlistener?IdolikeourEnglishteacher.DoesthefilmHappyFeetentertainyou?,语气助动词,语气助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),do(does,did)无意义。,Does,do,Are,Have,语态助动词,AspecialclinicwasopenedinBeijing.Manysoldierswerekilledinthebattle.Nobodyisallowedtobreaktherules.,was,were,is,be(am,is,are,was,were)无意义,HewassenttoEngland.IwouldflytoSwedenifIwereabird.HadIlivedinLondon,IwouldhavebeentoLondonBridge.,Whatsthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords?,帮助主要动词send构成被动语态,帮助主要动词构成虚拟语气,帮助主要动词构成虚拟语气,Theremustbearaintomorrow.NoonemaycometoLindaspartybecauseshehasntsentinvitations.Youcandoitifyoudevoteyourselftoit.Theexpertsuggestedthattheyouthshoulddomoreexercisetokeepfit.,must,may,can,should,情态助动词,情态助动词也称情态动词，辅助动词来体现情感态度，有must,may,can,should等，与前几类助动词不同，每个情态助动词有自己的不同意义及用途，可自成一体，是高考语法的一大重点。,Wehave/needtogohomenow.Studentsmuststudyhard.,Whatsthefunctionoftheunderlinedmodals?,表示必要性,表示职责,Itcanbeveryhotinsummerinourhometown.,表示可能性,ThepresidentistospeakonTVtonight.Iamgoingtoattendameetinginaweek.Whenitrained,hewasabouttogoout.Itsgettinglate.Ive(got)togonow.Manycountrieswouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.Theyaresupposedtobeatschoolbefore8.,isto,amgoingto,wasaboutto,ve(got)to,wouldrather,aresupposedto,助动词分类,助动词词组,have(got)tohadbetterwouldsooner/ratherthanbetobelikelytobesupposedtousedtobeabouttobeableto,助动词词组有等。,不得不,最好,宁愿,将要，应该,很有可能,理应该,过去常常,正要去,能够,Iusedtolovecats,untilIwasattackedbyablackcatlastweek.Theapplicationofthistechnologyislikelytocausearevolutioninthisindustry.Iwouldsoonerwalktotheparkthantakethebus.Itsnotsofar.Youhave(got)tobecarefulnexttime.Youarenotsupposedtoparkyourcarhere.JustasIwasabouttoleave,hefinallyshowedup.Youhadbetterhavearest.Youlookpale.,助动词词组用法：(翻译下列句子),助动词分类,时态助动词,语气助动词,语态助动词,情态助动词,时态助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),will(would),shall(should)。,语气助动词有be(am,is,are;was,were),have(has,had),do(does,did)。,Be(am,is,are,was,were),情态助动词也称情态动词,辅助动词来体现情感态度,有must,may,can,should等,助动词词组有have(got)to,hadbetter,wouldsooner/ratherthan,beto,belikelyto,besupposedto,usedto,beaboutto,beableto等。,助动词词组,IwillbespeakingagainsttheInternet.Toomuchinformationhasnotbeenevaluated.Moremeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththeproblem.TherearetwomainpointswhichmustbeincludedwhenweanalysetheInternet.,Tip1:除情态助动词之外，其他助动词可以有多个同时出现在谓语中。,willbe,hasnotbeen,shouldbe,mustbe,助动词用法要点,I_abouttoleavethisafternoon.Theconference_supposedtostartat8,butwasdelayed.Tom_(do)benefitalotfromreadingatpresent._(have)everyonegotanEnglishdictionarynow?Everythinggoeswell,_it?,am,was,does,Has,Tip2:除情态助动词之外,其他助动词要注意在时态,人称和数上要和主语保持一致。,doesnt,Tip3:常用助动词be,have和do的使用。,be,have和do都有以下用法:,1)be/have/do+not，构成_。IhaventbeentoHongkongsofar.Itisntmyfault.,否定,2)be/have/do+主语，构成_。Haveyougotfullunderstandingofthepoint?Isitagoodideatogohikingonweekends?,疑问,或倒装,c.我从未听说过这样的事情。NeverdidIhearofsuchathing.d.Notonlyhavethemedicinesavedmanypeopleslives,butalsostartrevolutioninmedicine.,助动词be的用法：1)be+现在分词，构成_。a.他们正在开会。b.英语现在越来越重要。,2)be+过去分词，构成_。a.窗户是汤姆打碎的。b.世界各地都教英语。,进行时态,被动语态,Theyarehavingameeting.,Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantnow.,Thewindowis/wasbrokenbyTom.,Englishistaughtaroundtheworld.,3)be+动词不定式，构成_：表示最近、未来的计划或安排。a.他下周要去纽约。b.我们要教新生。,将来时态,HeistogotoNewYorknextweek.,Wearetoteachthefreshpeople.,助动词have的用法:1)have+过去分词，构成_。如：a.他已去了伦敦。b.上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。,完成时态,HehasgonetoLondon.,Bytheendoflastmonth,theyhadfinishedhalfofthework.,2)have+been+现在分词，构成_.我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.,完成进行时态,3)have+been+过去分词，构成_。中国教英语已经多年。EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.,完成时被动态,助动词do的用法:1)构成否定祈使句。不要这么心不在焉。说明:构成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。2)放在动词原形前,表_。a.一定来参加我的生日宴会。Docometomybirthdayparty.b.我确实去那儿了。,强调,Dontbesoabsent-minded.,Ididgothere.,3)用作代动词，例如：DoyoulikeBeijing?Yes,Ido.(do用作代动词，代替likeBeijing.)他知道如何开车，对吧？Heknowshowtodriveacar,doesnthe?,Doyoulikecollegelife?DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?Idonotlikehim.Docallmetomorrow.Hedidknowthat.,Whatsthefunctionof“do/did”?,构成疑问句,构成疑问句,构成否定句,构成强调结构,构成强调结构,助动词还可用来构成否定或疑问句，以及强调结构。,小试牛刀,Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts_causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.isB.areC.hasD.haveThiscoastalarea_anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.namedC.isnamedD.names-Jackboughtanewmobilephonetheotherday.-_?