混凝土结构中英文词汇(上)

上册：立方体抗压强度 cube strength 极限状态 limit state ultimate state预制混凝土 prefabricated concrete 现浇混凝土Cast-in-situ concrete预应力混凝土 prestressed concrete 设计基准期 design reference period设计使用年限 design working life 收缩 shrinkage双筋梁 doubly reinforced section 轴心受压柱 axially loaded column偏心受压柱 eccentrically loaded column 偏心距 eccentricity恒荷载 permanent load or dead load 活荷载 variable load or live load 组合系数 combination reduction factor 准永久值系数 quasi-permanent reducing coefficient结构重要性系数 coefficient of structural importance 界限配筋 balanced reinforcement超筋 over-reinforced 适筋 under-reinforced等效应力矩形 equivalent stress block 最小配筋率 minimum steel ratio最大配筋率 balanced steel ratio 截面有效高度 effective depth双筋梁 doubly reinforced section T形截面翼缘 flangeT形截面腹板 web 有效翼缘宽度 effective flange width主压应力迹线trajectories of the principal compressive stress 斜裂缝 diagonal crack腹筋 transverse reinforcement; web reinforcement 箍筋 ties or stirrups弯起钢筋inclined bars bent-up bars 斜拉破坏 diagonal splitting剪压破坏 shear compression 斜压破坏 diagonal compression剪跨比 shear span ratio 名义剪跨比 generalized shear span 配箍率 transverse tie ratio 材料弯矩抵抗图 diagram of bending resistance不需要面 cut-off section 充分利用面 fully-developed section充分利用点 fully usable point of bar 理论截断点 theoretical cutting point of bar实际截断点 real cutting point of bar 锚固长度 anchorage length绑扎搭接binding lapped splice 钢筋表 bar schedule连接区段 connection sector 肋梁楼板结构 girder-beam-slab structural system现浇楼板 cast-in-place slab 预应力楼板 pre-cast slab刚度 rigidity 弯矩包络图 moment envelope diagram ;ultimate moment diagram剪力包络图 shear envelope diagram塑性铰 plastic hinge无梁楼盖 flat slab塑性内力重分布法 plastic redistribution of stresses analysis method弯矩调幅法 the method of amplitude modulation for bending momentCHAPTER 1Plain Concrete 素混凝土，Reinforced Concrete 钢筋混凝土，Prestressed Concrete 预应力混凝土，reinforcement steel bar 钢筋（也有人直接用bar,fiber）， Portland cement 波特兰水泥Light-weight concrete 轻质混凝土，high-strength concrete 高强混凝土，Fiber reinforcedconcrete（FRC）纤维混凝土load 荷载，span 跨径，strain 应变，stress 应力，compression 压力，tension 拉力，moment 弯矩，torsion 扭矩，扭转thermal expansion coefficients 热膨胀系数，corrosion protection 防腐蚀，Fire resistance耐火，hollow floor 空心楼板，wall 墙面，girder 主梁，beam 横梁，column 柱，footing 基础allowable stress design method 允许应力法，ultimate strength design method 极限强度设计法，limit state design method 极限状态设计法，composite structure 混合结构CHAPTER 2smooth bar 光圆钢筋，deformed bar 螺纹钢筋，hot rolled bar 热轧钢筋，cold drawn bar冷拉钢筋，steel wires 钢绞线，heat treated steel bar 热处理钢筋stress-strain curve 应力应变曲线，yield plateau 屈服平台deformation 变形，deflection 挠度，yield strength 屈服强度，ultimate strength 极限强度，ductility 韧性，hardening 强化，cold drawn 冷拉，tempering treatment 回火，quenching treatment 淬火fatigue 疲劳，shrinkage 收缩，creep 徐变，crack 开裂,crush 压溃water-cement ratio 水灰比cubic compressive strength 立方体抗压强度，prismatic compressive strength 棱柱体抗压强度elasticity modulus 弹性模量（杨氏模量），secant modulus 割线模量，tangent modulus 切线模量，shear modulus 剪切模量，poissons ratio 泊松比uniaxial tension 单轴拉伸，biaxial loading 双轴加载，triaxial loading 三轴加载CHAPTER 3bond 粘结，anchorage 锚固，bar splicing 钢筋搭接，splitting 撕裂，crush 压溃，pull-out failure 刮出式破坏splice length 搭接长度，embedded length 埋置长度，development length 锚固长度shape coefficient 外形系数ribs 钢筋肋CHAPTER 4axial load 轴向加载，axial tension 轴向拉伸，axial compression 轴向压力elasticity 弹性，plasticity 塑性longitudinal bars 主筋（纵向钢筋），stirrup 箍筋，hanger bar 架立筋，bent bar 弯起钢筋brittle failure 脆性破坏，load carrying capacity 承载能力short column 短柱，slender column 长柱，stability coefficient 稳定系数cross section 截面，cross-sectional dimension 截面尺寸spiral stirrup 螺旋箍筋CHAPTER 5box section 箱形截面，hollow slab 空心板，T-section T 形截面over-reinforced beam 超筋梁，under-reinforced beam 少筋梁，balanced-reinforced beam适筋梁brittle failure 脆性破坏concrete cover 混凝土保护层minimum reinforcement ratio 最小配筋率flexure theory 弯曲理论，plane section assumption 平截面假定neutral axis 中性轴，coefficient 系数，parameter 参数，constant 常数stress distribution 应力分布，shear span ratio 剪跨比stress block depth 应力区高度（受压区高度），relative stress block depth 相对应力区高度（相对受压区高度），nominal stress block depth 名义应力区高度（名义受压区高度），flexural capacity 抗弯承载能力symmetry reinforcement 对称配筋effective flange width 有效翼缘宽度，flange 翼缘，web 腹板shear-lag effect 剪力滞效应simple-supported beam 简支梁，continuous beam 连续梁deep-bending member 深受弯构件， deep beam 深梁， transfer girder 转换梁，tie-reinforcement 拉结筋，horizontal distributing reinforcement 水平分布钢筋spacing 间距CHAPTER 6eccentricity 偏心率，second-order effect 二阶效应ultimate limit state 使用极限状态additional eccentricity 附加偏心距eccentricity magnifying coefficient 偏心距放大系数tensile failure 受拉破坏，compressive failure 受压破坏larger eccentricity 大偏心，small eccentricity 小偏心out-plane strength 片面外强度geometric central axis 几何中心轴CHAPTER 7shear failure 剪切破坏diagonal tension 斜向拉应力shear flow 剪力流diagonal cracks 斜裂缝，flexural crack 弯曲裂缝，compression strut 受压杆web reinforcement 腹筋（抗剪钢筋）truss model 桁架模型slope angle 倾角upper end of the crack 裂缝上端maximum spacing of stirrup 箍筋最大间距concentrated load 集中荷载，uniform load 均布荷载detailing requirement 构造要求moment envelope 弯矩包络图，moment diagram 弯矩图embedded length 锚固长度points of bend 弯起点CHAPTER 8equilibrium torsion 均衡扭转，compatibility torsion 协调扭转static equilibrium 静力平衡principal stress 主应力cracking torque 开裂弯曲transverse reinforcement 横向钢筋elasto-plastic mode 弹塑性模型Plastic space truss design method 塑性空间桁架设计方法，Skew bending design method斜弯设计方法hollow section 空心截面perimeter 周长hook 弯钩minimum stirrup ratio 最小配箍率distribution of reinforcement 钢筋分布CHAPTER 9punching shear 冲切，local compression 局部受压two way shear 双向剪切slab-column joint 板柱交接点column cap 柱帽，drop panel 托板linear interpolation 线形内插effective depth 有效高度critical width 临界宽度punching shear cone 冲压椎体polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩net area 净面积spiral stirrup 螺旋箍筋，mat reinforcement 钢筋网splitting 劈裂，chipping 崩裂CHAPTER 10prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土pretensioning system 先张法，post-tensioning system 后张法wire 钢丝，strand 钢绞线，tendon 钢束bottom 台座，casting-yard 预制场duct 孔道，jack 张拉，grout 灌浆，bond 粘结，unbond 无粘结friction 摩擦full prestressing 全预应力，partial prestressing 部分预应力creep 徐变，shrinkage 收缩stress loss 应力损失grippers 夹具，anchorage 锚具permissible stress 容许应力，stretching stress 拉伸应力，effective prestress 有效预应力loss of prestress 预应力损失，loss due to friction 摩擦损失，anchorage-sections 锚具滑移，elastic shortening of concrete 混凝土塑性回缩，steel stress relaxation 钢筋应力松弛，creep loss 徐变损失，shrinkageloss 收缩损失tendon profile 钢束形状，deviation force 偏向力，curvature effect 曲率效应，wobbleeffect 抖动效应fixed end 固定端，tension end 张拉端overstretching 超张拉curvature friction coefficient 曲率摩擦系数transfer length 传递长度，bond stress 粘结应力concrete depositing 混凝土浇注service stage 使用阶段，construct