新视野大学英语第4册第三单元

LongingforaNewWelfareSystem,Unit3,Stage1:Warming-upActivities,Stage2:Reading-CentredActivities,Stage3:After-ReadingActivities,Stage4:Listening-and-SpeakingPractice,Warming-upActivities,GroupworkQuestionsforthoughtanddiscussionBackgroundinformationEnrichingyourvocabularyComparingthefollowingwords,Groupwork,Gooverthepreview,thepre-readingquestionsandthetitleofthetextbeforelisteningtothesummaryofthestoryandanticipatewhatwearegoingtoread.,Questionsforthoughtanddiscussion,Listentoashortpassagecarefullyandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.,Backgroundinformation,socialwelfare：Publicassistanceprograms,commonlycalled“welfare”,providecashorin-kindbenefitsforparticularcategoriesofthefinanciallyneedy.TheU.S.welfaresystemoperatesonboththefederalandstatelevels.ThefederalwelfareprogramisknownasSocialSecuritythatprovidesbenefitsorassistanceforchildcare,disability,foodandmedical.Thestatewelfareprograms,ontheotherhand,provideassistancetobothindividualsandlocalcommunitieswithstateschoolingandsocialinsurance.U.S.welfareprogramsgrewsignificantlyinthedecadesfollowingWorldWarII,butincreasesinwelfarecostsduringthe1960sand1970sbroughtintoquestiontheextentandqualityofpublicassistance.,Intheearly1980stheReaganAdministrationreducedwelfareexpendituresandsuggestedturningresponsibilityforwelfarefundingovertothestates.ThecutsinfederalfundingthattookeffectduringtheReaganAdministrationdidinfacteffectivelyplacetheresponsibilityformaintainingfundinglevelsonthestatesand,insomecases,onthelargercities.Theresulthasbeenawideningofthealreadyexistingdisparitiesinsocialservicesspendingbetweenstates,andbetweencitiesandregionswithinastate.Socialwelfareisanintegratedpartofacountryssocialpolicy.Thewebsiteoffersdefinitionsofsuchconceptsaswelfareandwelfarestateanddiscussionsonwelfaresystemsofothercountries(inadditiontotheU.S.).,Enrichingyourvocabulary,Readthesentencescarefullyandguessthemeaningoftheitalicizedtermineachsentenceaccordingtothecontextandyourownexperiences.,Hefindsithardtoliveonhisstatepension.Hewontbeabletodraw/receivehispensionuntilhes65.Ipayahigherrent/morerentthantheothertenantsbecausemyroomisbigger.Theoldladyrentedusherspareroomfor$50aweek.,抚恤金,养老金,租金,出租,Againsthisfathersadvice,Peteroptedforbusiness.Idontthinkthatpoliticiancandrumupmuchsupportwithallhisspeeches.Manufacturersareofferingbigdiscountstodrumupbusiness.Janeplaysdrumsinalocalrockband.,选择,得到,招徕生意,打鼓,Therewereafewstickymomentsduringthemeeting.Hishandswerestickywithjam.ItsverystickyinNewYorkinAugust.Thegovernmentistryingtokeepalowprofileonthisissue.Thereareagrowingnumberofwomeninhigh-profilepositions.Theactorisphotographedinprofile,smokingacigarette.,僵局,粘糊糊的,闷热,姿态,引人注目的,从侧面,Beingunemployedentitlesyoutofreemedicaltreatment.Shereadapoementitled“TheAppleTree”.Compensationofinjuredworkershascostthecompanyalot.Shereceived$50,000incompensationforalosteye.,使你有权,题目为,补偿,补偿,amanofliberalviewsaliberaldonationTheresaguninpracticallyeveryAmericanhome.Practically,thisbookismoredifficultthanthatone.Detectiveshavefinallytrackeddownthekiller.,开明的,慷慨的,almost;nearly,实际上,侦探们,Thewallswerepastedwithpicturesofmoviestars.WhenIputwallpaperupIgotpasteallovermyhandsandclothes.Ipaidthebillandhegavemeareceipt.Pleasesignthisformtoacknowledgereceiptofthemoney.,贴满,浆糊,收据,收到,Theyreceivedalargedonationtotheschool.Theresaninsectcrawlingdownyoursleeve.Thetrafficwascrawlingalongattenkilometersperhour.HaveyougotabitofcordthatIcantiethisparcelupwith?,捐款,爬,缓慢向前移动,绳子,Heneededfourstrongscrewsforfixingthecupboardtothewall.Hescrewedthehandletothedoor.Hisbrakesfailedonaslipperyroad.Iherebycertifythattheaboveinformationistrueandaccurate.,螺丝钉,用螺丝钉固定,刹车,证明,Bidsforbuildingthebridgewereinvitedfrombigfirmsthroughoutthecountry.Herbidforre-electionwasunsuccessful.Ananonymousletteralertedpolicetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.Youmustbealerttopossibledangers.,出价，投标,anattempttoobtainsth.,使警觉,警惕,Twohelicoptershavealreadybeenshotdown.Shehaslongbeenachampionoffreespeech.Sheistheworldchampionforthethirdyearinsuccession.Thecarleakedoilalloverthedrive.Airleakedoutoftheballoon.Heleakedthenamestothepress.,直升机,拥护者,冠军,漏,漏，渗,泄漏,ThreeUSstategovernorshaveputthemselvesforwardaspresidentialcandidates.Therewasntenoughevidencetoconvicthim.Facedwiththeevidence,hehadtoconfess.Theywerechargedwithtakingmoneyunderthetable.Theyhadbeendeeplyinvolvedinthecrimes.,州长,证明有罪,面对,私下,深深地卷入,Deepdown(insideyou),Iknowyoulovemereally.Yourbrotherismakingafoolofyou.Heknewbetterthantotalkbacktohisfather.Ourcarbrokedownonthefreeway.,在你心底里,愚弄,顶嘴,抛锚,Newssoongotaroundthathehadresigned.Thereseemstobeanelectricalproblem.Illgetsomeonetolookintoit.Howdoyouaccountforthissuddendisappearanceofallthemoney?Wevebuiltupgoodrelationshipswithourclients.,传开,检查,解释,建立,Hesamazinglycheerfulconsideringallheshadtogothrough.Somenovelsquitereadilylendthemselvestoadaptationasplays;othersdonot.Thejuryconvictedtheaccusedmanoftheft.Compare:accusesomebodyof，chargesomebodywith,经历,适合,宣判有罪,VocabularyComparing,cruderawuncookedcaseworkersocialworkerhiptailbuttockswaistthighlimblegkneespineribmarrowspinalcordvocalcordsapplianceequipmentfacilitiesinstrumentapparatusdevice,maidservantattendantwaiterhelperroastbakeroastovenstovefurnacesenatorrepresentativethrivebloomboomflourishmushroomprosper,Homework,Learnthenewwordsandexpressionsofthetextbyheart.Gooverthetextandtrytogetthemainideaofthetext.Analyzethestructureofthetext.,Reading-CentredActivities,1.GlobalReadingTaskReadingSkills:Textstructureanalysis:,Readingskills:UnderstandingfigurativelanguageSimiles:Directlycomparingonethingtoanotherbyusingthewordsasorlike.Metaphors:Comparisonsareonlyimplied,withoutusingas,likeandthelike.Personification:Comparingnon-humanthingstohumans.,Sometipsforyoutorecognizefigurativewaysofsayingthings:Makesurethatyouareawarethatthewriterismakingacomparison.Keepclearlyinyourmindjustwhatisbeingcomparedtowhat.Dontlosethebasicpointbygettingconfusedaboutthecomparisonandforgettingwhatthewriterisexplaininginthefirstplace.Lookforsuchwordsaslikeandas,whichoftenintroducecomparison.Trytofigureoutwhythewriterhasmadethecomparison.,Textstructureanalysis:Thepassagescanbebroadlydividedintothreeparts:HowpeoplebehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystemWhattheproblemsarewithitWhatshouldberequiredofthenewsystem.,Dividethetextinto3partsaccordingtothemainideagiven:Part1:focusingonhowthepeopleconcernedbehaveunderthepresentwelfaresystem.Part2:dealingwiththeproblemsofthepresentwelfaresystem:Part3:dealingwithwhatshouldbedonewiththepresentwelfaresystem.,Para1to3,Para4to14,Para15to17,Generalimagesofwelfareclientsandwelfarecaseworkersunderthepresentsystem:Welfareclientsarealways_moremoneyoutof_.(para.1)Buttherearewelfareclientswhochooseto_ofcompletehonesty,tellingwelfarecaseworkers_.(para.2),cheating,thepresent,welfaresystem,livealife,howmuchtheymake,Welfareclientshavetobowto_respectfully,andthelatterfeelthey_it.Welfarecaseworkers,underthepresentwelfaresystem,become_.(para.3),caseworkers,deserve,detectives,2.Problemswiththepresentwelfaresystem:welfarecaseworkers,like_,tryingtofindanything_,welfareclientsdifficultiesin_,theembarrassingsituationforwelfareclientswhentryingto_andlastlytheproblemofthewelfaresystemand_.,detectives,unreported,obtaininghelp,makemoney,thelegalsystem,Welfarecaseworkerslikedetectivestryingtoconvict_ofcheating.(paras4-8)howextremelydifficultitisforwelfareclientstohavetheir_.(paras9-12),welfareclients,wheelchairsrepaired,thewelfareclientsembarrassingsituat