第3单元 词义的选择（课堂PPT）

第三单元词义的选择,1,2,一课前练笔27翻译方法讲解27不同译文鉴赏34商务词汇摘译35翻译练习36,2,2020/5/20,一课前练笔,Itisnotsurprising,then,thattheworldsawareturntoafloatingexchangeratesystem.Centralbankswerenolongerrequiredtosupporttheirowncurrencies.Floatingpolicyisofgreatimportanceforexporttrade;itis,infact,aconvenientmethodofinsuringgoodswhereanumberofsimilarexporttransactionsareintended,e.g.wheretheinsuredhastosupplyanoverseasimporterunderanexclusivesalesagreementormaintainssalesrepresentativesorsubsidiarycompaniesabroad.,3,2020/5/20,参考译文,这样，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率制度也就不足为奇了。而各国中央银行也不再要求维持各自货币的汇价了。统保单对出口贸易至关重要。实际上，它是给货物保险的便利办法。只要所进行的是几种类似的出口贸易就可以采取这种方法。类似的出口贸易，如：被保险方根据独家经销协议向国外进口方提供货物，或在国外委任销售代表，或在国外设立附属公司。,4,2020/5/20,值得注意的词汇：,floatingexchangerate浮动汇率floatingpolicy统保单theworldsawareturnto=theworldwitnessedareturnto世界各国又恢复了世界各国又回到的状况exporttrade出口贸易exporttransactions出口贸易/交易exclusivesalesagreement独家经销协议salesrepresentatives销售代表subsidiarycompanies附属公司under根据、依据,5,2020/5/20,二翻译方法讲解,（一）注意区分词语使用的是常用意义还是专业意义。（二）一词多义时，根据句子的前言后语来确定其意义。（三）选择词义时，注意词义的感情色彩。（四）选择词义时，注意词义的语体色彩。（五）选择词义时，所选词语要符合逻辑和所描写的客观世界。（六）选择词义时，要注意前言后语搭配得当。（七）选择词义时，注意增译，使得译文更为充分、流畅。（八）选择词义时，注意凝练，使得译文简洁。（九）选择词义时，注意引申，使得译文达意。,6,2020/5/20,翻译实例1：专业意义,A.Theclaimconcerningthequalityofthecommodityshallbelodgedwithin30daysafterarrivalofthecargoattheportofdestination.译文：对货物质量的索赔须于货物抵达目的港之日起30日内提出。,7,2020/5/20,B.Notonlyapanicrunonbanks,butsnowballingdepositcancellationcouldtriggeranominouschainreactionleadingtoafinancialcrisis.译文：不仅仅是在各家银行所发生的恐慌性挤兑，还有那滚雪球般的取消存款，都有可能引发导致金融危机的不良连锁反应。,8,2020/5/20,C.Allsevenmajorbankinggroupsreportedafter-taxlossesforasecondconsecutivebusinessyearintheirfiscal2010earningreportsduetotheburdenofdisposingofbadloansandslumpingstockmarkets.译文：由于处理不良贷款以及股市下挫等负担，所有七大银行集团在其2010财政业绩报表中，均报告在连续第二个的会计年度出现了税后亏损。,9,2020/5/20,翻译实例2：一词多义,Depositsare,sotospeak,unsecuredcreditheldbythepeopleandkeptatfinancialinstitutions.译文：这么说来，存款就是人们手中持有的并且放在金融机构里的没有担保的债权。Heboughtthefurnitureoncredit.译文：他就是靠赊账买下那件家具的。ThereisnofinancialriskinsellingtoEastEuropeancountriesoncredit.译文：向东欧各国赊销是没有风险的。TheamountoftheminimumroyaltypaidbytheCompanytoLicensorwillbecreditedagainstthepaymentofrunningroyaltyaccruingunderthisagreement.译文：该公司支付给许可方的最低特许权使用费的总金额将从根据本协议而增值的变动专利权税支付款项中扣除。,10,2020/5/20,Itispossiblethatmoreofthecompanysstoreswillbeclosed.译文：这家公司有更多的商店很有可能要关闭了。Pricesofmanymajorcommercialbanksclosedlower,astheyhadinprevioustrading.译文：正如先前的交易那样，许多大的商业银行的股票价格收盘低开。Thenumberofbankaccountsthatareclosedcompulsorilyhasbeenincreasingrapidly.译文：被强制结清的银行账户数量一直在快速增长。,11,2020/5/20,翻译实例3：词语的感情色彩,Aforeignbusinessrepresentative,neitheroverlysympathetictowardChinanoroverlydisposedagainstit,wouldneedtobeconvincedonanumberofscoresbeforehecouldresponsiblycommithisfirmtotakinganequitypositioninaChineseenterprise.译文：一名外国企业代表，如果对中国既无过分好感，又无过分恶意的话，要动真格地实施向一家中国企业投资入股，就往往需要有一系列评估数据来帮助他作出最终决定。,12,2020/5/20,Theunderwriterrealizesthisandcertainlydoesnotsetouttomakelifedifficultforhisagencycolleagues.However,hehasajobtodo.Partofthatjobistoensurethatpeoplewhoattempttobuypoliciesbecausetheyexpectto“die”soondonotsucceedinfoolinghimandhiscompany.译文：核保人如果认识到这一点，当然不会让他的代理处的同事难堪。然而，他又肩负着责任，其责任之一便是，确保那些因预计很快“死亡”而设法购买统保单的人欺骗核保人自己及公司的企图不会得逞。,13,2020/5/20,翻译实例4：词语的语体色彩,Thehomeofyourdreamsawaitsyoubehindthisdoor.Whetheryourtastebeacountrymanorestateorapenthouseinthesky,youwillfindthefollowingpagesfilledwiththeworldsmostelegantresidences.译文：打开这扇门，您就可以领略到您那梦寐以求的家。不管您期待的是乡间宅第，还是摩天大楼的顶屋，接下来的几页刊印的全是世界上最高雅的住宅供您选择。,14,2020/5/20,翻译实例5：词语要符合逻辑和所描写的客观世界,Assumingthelaboratorytestsgowell,andyoucanquoteusacompetitiveprice,wedcertainlybeabletoplacemoresubstantialordersonaregularbasis.译文：若实验室检测合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货。,15,2020/5/20,翻译实例6：词语的前后搭配,ChinastopindustrialregulatorsaidonTuesdaythatthecountryisunlikelytoseea“doubledip”initseconomyinthesecondhalfofthisyear.译文：中国最高产业监督机构本周二表示，今年下半年，中国不可能出现经济“二次探底”的情况。DuringthetenyearsapplicationofWTO,theDisputeSettlementSystemplaysaveryimportantroleinthefieldofinternationaltradedisputesettlements.Asthekeyprocessofthewholesystem,paneljurisdictionwinsmoreandmorerespect.译文：在世界贸易组织运作的十年间，争端解决机制在国际贸易争端解决领域发挥着非常重要的作用。作为整个机制的关键，专家组裁决赢得了越来越广泛的尊重。,16,2020/5/20,翻译实例7：注意增益，使译文表达更为充分、流畅,Thechangeinplanresultedfromamisjudgmentonthepartofthefirmstopmanagementonwhatthecompanysemployeesandbusinesspartnerswanted.对计划进行变更，这是由于公司的最高管理层对公司的雇员及其商业伙伴到底需要什么作出了错误的判断。,17,2020/5/20,翻译实例8：注意凝练，使译文简洁,Shouldthebuyershavetolodgeaclaimagainstthesellers,itmustbedonewithin30daysafterthearrivalofthetankerattheportofdestination.译文：若买方向卖方提出索赔，须在油轮抵达目的港后30天内提出。,18,2020/5/20,翻译实例9：注意引申，使译文达意,Inordertoprotectvestedinterestsandinterferewiththeentryofnewbusinesses,somepublicinterestcorporationsbegansettingtheirownstandardsandobligedprivatecompaniestoundergoinspectionsandreceivecertifications.译文：为了保护既得利益、干预新兴企业的加入，一些公众利益公司着手制定自己的标准，迫使众多私人企业接受各种审查、获取各种认证。,19,2020/5/20,三不同译文的鉴赏,Thepurposeofpublicrelationsistoinfluencepublicopiniontowardbuildinggoodwillandpositivereputationfortheorganization,andwell-executedpublicrelationsisalong-termactivitythatmoldsgoodrelationshipsbetweenanorganizationanditspublics.译文一：公共关系的目的是为了对公众舆论产生影响，为某一单位树立良好的形象和声誉；建立良好的、有效的公共关系是一种长期行为，这种行为有助于在一个单位和它的公众群体之间形成良好的关系。译文二：公共关系的目的是针对就某一机构建立起善意和正面信誉的公众舆论而施加影响。顺畅的公共关系是一项塑造一个机构同其公众之间良好关系的长期活动。,20,2020/5/20,Mostnotably,ChinahasavoidedthelargeoutputdeclinesandseveremacroeconomicinstabilitythathavetendedtocharacterizethetransitionexperiencesincentralandEasternEuropeandSovietUnion.译文一：最值得注意的是，中国避免了发生大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性，生产的大滑坡和宏观经济的严重不稳定性曾经是中、东欧以及苏联经济过渡时期的特点。译文二：最值得注意的是，中国已经避免了出产量的大面积衰退以及在宏观经济方面的严重不稳定性，而这种情况可谓正是中欧、东欧以及苏联在历经过渡时期时的特点。,21,2020/5/20,Thedevelopedcountriesarerichinskilledworkforceandcapitalresources,sotheycanconcentrateonproducingmanytechnology-intensiveproductssuchascomputer,aircrafts,andsoon.译文一：发达国家拥有大量的熟练劳动力和资本，所以他们能集中生产很多密集型的产品，比如计算机、飞机等。译文二：发达国家拥有丰富的熟练劳动力资源和资本来源，所以，他们能够集中生产很多诸如计算机、飞机等技术密集型产品。,22,2020/5/20,四商务词汇摘译,P35-36,23,2020/5/20,五翻译练习,（一）句子翻译1.Ifacompanyintendstoprovideguaranteetoashareholderoractualcontrollerofthecompany,itshallmakearesolutionthroughtheshareholdersmeetingorshareholdersconvention.,24,2020/5/20,分析句子结构,Ifacompanyintendstoprovideguaranteetoashareholderoractualcontrollerofthecompany,itshallmakearesolutionthroughtheshareholdersmeetingorshareholdersconvention.如果公司想为公司的某个股东或者实际控权人提供担保，该公司须通过股东会议或股东大会形成决议。,25,2020/5/20,2.Thegovernmentintendstorestructurethedepositinsurancesystemasanewfinancialsafetynetforprotectingsettlementsystems.,26,2020/5/20,3.EachoftheseU.S.companiesisattemptingtoofferconvenientservicestocustomersbycenteringontheirstrongbusinesslines.,27,2020/5/20,4.Underthesystemofsecuritizationofrealestate,specialpurposecompaniesestablishedbyrealestatefirmsissuesharesinrealestatebyusingthepropertyascollateral.,28,2020/5/20,5.TheprimarytaskfacingWTOmembersatthelatestmeetingwastopavethewayforabroadagreementonissuesdiscussedatthetraderoundlaunchedin2001.,29,2020/5/20,6.Long-terminterestrateshavesoaredalmostfourfoldinthepastthreemonthsaftertherateshitarecordlowinmid-June.,30,2020/5/20,7.Futureprospectsaredim,andanalystsareuncertainwhentheglobalIT-relatedrecessionwillbottomout.,31,2020/5/20,8.AnincreasingnumberofJapanesefirmsareseekingtomovenotonlyproductionbases,butalsoresearchanddevelopmentfacilitiestoChina.,32,2020/5/20,9.Wemustaddresstheimprovementofemploymentsituation,particularlyinregardtojobsforyoungpeopleandthemismatchbetweenjob-seekersandjobopenings.,33,2020/5/20,10.ThegovernmentandtheBankofJapanshouldimplementfurthermeasurestoachieveeconomicexpansionledbydomesticdemand.,34,2020/5/20,11.Wearediligentlyworkingtocontinuallyearncustomerloyaltybydevelopingakeenerunderstandingofcustomersspecialneeds.,35,2020/5/20,12.Reducingthenumberofhoursofovertimemaynotonlyhelpthoseworkersretaintheirjobs,butalsoincreasejobopenings.,36,2020/5/20,13.Everythreemonths,McDonaldsJapanrevisesthepriceofthebeefitimportsfromAustraliaaccordingtotheexchangerate.,37,2020/5/20,14.ThenationsforeignexchangereservestheendofJulyhitarecordhighfortheeighthstraightmonth,rising$11.22fromamonthearlierto$556.84billion.,38,2020/5/20,15.Thisyearalone,thenationalconsumeraffairscenterhasreceived279reportsonproblemsrelatedtohealthfoods.,39,2020/5/20,16.Thislawrequiresfinancialinstitutionstoconfirmtheidentityofpeopleopeningaccountsandthosemakingfinancialtransactionsofmorethan2million.,40,2020/5/20,17.Itisimportanttoencourageentrepreneurshipthroughvariousmeansincludingassistingcorporateventures.,41,2020/5/20,18.ThemostimportantissuesintheHouseofRepresentativeelectionareeconomicstimulusmeasuresandmeasurestorevitalizetheeconomy.,42,2020/5/20,19.AnincreasingnumberofJapanesediscountstoresandotherretailersimportandselllow-pricedJapanesemusicCDspressedabroad.,43,2020/5/20,20.Concernlinger