Elizabeth-I-英文版伊丽莎白一世-介绍

ThefirstQueenElizabeth,whosenamehasbecomeasynonymfortheerawhichshedominated(1558-1603),wasbornin1533toHenryVIIIandAnneBoleyn.CalledGlorianabyEdmundSpenserinTheFaerieQueene,ElizabethsdeftpoliticalskillsandstrongpersonalcharacterweredirectlyresponsibleforputtingEngland(atthetimeofheraccessionin1558aweak,dividedbackwaterfaroutsidethemainstreamofEuropeanpowerandculturaldevelopment)ontheroadtobecomingatrueworldeconomicandpoliticalpowerandrestoringthecountryslostsenseofnationalpride.Althoughsheentertainedmanymarriageproposalsandflirtedincessantly(herclosestbrushwithmarriagecamewithRobertDudley,earlofLeicester),shenevermarriedorhadchildren.,ElizabethI(1558-1603)AQueenwiththeHeartofaKing,Elizabethinheritedatatteredrealm:dissensionbetweenCatholicsandProtestantstoreattheveryfoundationofsociety;theroyaltreasuryhadbeenbleddrybyMaryandheradvisors,MaryslossofCalaisleftEnglandwithnocontinentalpossessionsforthefirsttimesincethearrivaloftheNormansin1066andmany(mainlyCatholics)doubtedElizabethsclaimtothethrone.Continentalaffairsaddedtoherproblems-FrancehadastrongfootholdinScotland,andSpain,thestrongestEuropeannationatthetime,posedathreattothesecurityoftherealm.Elizabethprovedmostcalmandcalculating(eventhoughshehadahorrendoustemper),employingcapableanddistinguishedmentocarryingoutroyalprerogative.,ThereignofQueenElizabethIisoftenreferredtoasTheGoldenAgeofEnglishhistory.ElizabethwasanimmenselypopularQueen,andherpopularityhaswanedlittlewiththepassingoffourhundredyears.Sheisstilloneofthebestlovedmonarchs,andoneofthemostadmiredrulersofalltime.Shebecamealegendinherownlifetime,famedforherremarkableabilitiesandachievements。Elizabethwasdedicatedtohercountryinawayfewmonarchshadbeenorhavebeensince.Elizabethhadthemindofapoliticalgeniusandnurturedhercountrythroughcarefulleadershipandbychoosingcapablementoassisther.Elizabethwasadeterminedwoman,butshewasnotobstinate.Shelistenedtotheadviceofthosearoundher,andwouldchangeapolicyifitwasunpopular。Whensheascendedthethronein1558,Englandwasanimpoverishedcountrytornapartbyreligioussquabbles.WhenshediedatRichmondPalaceonthe24thMarch1603,Englandwasoneofthemostpowerfulandprosperouscountriesintheworld。,ElizabethI(1558-1603)AQueenwiththeHeartofaKing,Elizabethwasacarefreesmallprincessinthefirstthreeyear.InJanuary1536,ElizabethsstatuswasdownalotbecauseofBoleynsdeath.InJune1536,theparliamentdeclaredtocancelherthronefromqualificationAfterthedeathofBoleyn,Henryviiisuccessivelytookfourwives,butonlyhadoneson,Edward.In1547,Henryviiidied,thesonbecametheking.1547,Edwardacceded,onlyinsixyears.Thenewkinghadaweakbody,andsufferingfromtuberculosis.Therefore,thereplacementofthethronewasjustaquestionoftime.Withqualifiedsuccessiontothethrone:HenryVIIIsdaughterMaryHenryVIIIsdaughterElizabethHenryVIIIsnieceJenny.Accordingtothethronefromhabit,Maryshouldbefirstselectionthrone.,Theparliamentrefusedtorecognizethelegitimacyofherthrone.Likefather,HenryVIII,ElizabethdecidedoutoftherelationshipwiththePopeandannouncedthattheUnitedKingdomistheProtestantcountries.Shetookacautiousattitudewhendealingwiththerelationshipwithparliament.,Shewasverythrifty,butshewasverypositivetotheprosperityofcountry,shereliedonbusinessmenandpiratestoincreasetheincomeofroyalfamily.IntheElizabethanage,themoststrikingthingwastheunusualrelationshipoftheQueenwiththepirates.Shesupportedthepirates,ononehand,wastoincreasethenationaltreasurybythepiratesplunder,ontheotherhandwastoagainstSpain.BritainspiratefleetdefeatedtheSpanishArmada,fromthen,Spainwenttoextinctiongradually,andtheEnglandsoonbecametheSeaOverlord“.,Elizabet