书面表达之启承转合.ppt

书面表达,之“起承转合”,Learningaims,1.Toenablethestudentstolearnabouttheskillsofwritingandimprovetheirwritingability;2.Tocorrectsomeimproperandcommonmistakes.,写作中常见问题,1.开头不能直入主题，自己的观点或态度不明确,太啰嗦。,2.论述观点或理由时不分层论述。,4.不运用过渡词、过渡句。,5.卷面不整洁，书写不美观。,3.观点不积极向上，不传递正能量；提观点“站不高看不远”。,实例对比,（2016四川高考）某中学生英文报正举办“TheSeasonILikeBest”的征文活动，请用英文写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.你最喜欢的季节；2.你喜欢该季节的两条理由。,考生作文：Therearefourseasonsinayear.Theyarespring,summer,autumnandwinter.Whatseasondoyoulikebest?Perhapsyoulikespringbest.ButIlikewinterbest.,名师点评（1）开篇最忌讳的是啰嗦，把一些本没必要介绍的内容罗列出来；（2）重复太多，likebest竟出现了三次。,参考范文：Summerismyfavoriteseasonoftheyear.Thereasonsareasfollows.,满分作文：WhenitcomestotheseasonIlikebest,springwillalwaysoccurtomeinnotime.,你也来试一试？,助人反成为受害者的事时有发生。谈谈你对这一现象的看法。要点：你的观点；理由,Althoughmanybecamevictimsafterhelpingothers,Istillbelievehelpingothersisnotoutoffashion.Instead,helpingothersisgoodforeveryoneandweneedtomakeitadutytohelpothers.Thereasonisasfollows:,Socialmorals,开头是否直入主题了？观点是否积极、传递正能量？如果是你写，你选择助人还是不助？,助人反成为受害者的事时有发生。谈谈你对这一现象的看法。要点：你的观点；理由,Firstly,helpingothersbringshappinesstooneself.,Secondly,beingabletohelpothersmakespeoplefeelthattheybelongtoagreatercommunity.Itwillbeagoodstartofbuildingupgoodrelationshipsbetweenthem.Thirdly,sometimes,evenasweetsmileandahugcanencourageotherpeopletogothroughthechallengesintheirlife.,条理清楚吗？你是怎样写的？,Socialmorals,“起承转合”,教你一招,“启”-创造良好开端,“承”-顺势承上启下,“转”-巧妙转折过渡,“合”-完美结束全文,1）“启”-创造良好开端常用表达“启”的过渡词语和词组有:inthefirstplace,firstofall,firstly,generallyspeaking,tostartwith,tobeginwith等。常用表达“启”的句型有:Asisknowntoall/Asweallknow;Astheproverbsays;Itisoftensaidthat;Therehavebeenmanychanges;Itisclear/obvious;Withthedevelopmentof等。,例句：Asweallknow,wearewhatweeat.Therefore,itsveryimportantforustoformhealthyeatinghabits.ItsoftensaidthatallworkwithoutplaymakesJackadullboy.Astheproverbsays,nopains,nogains.,2）“承”-顺势承上启下常用表达“承”的过渡词语和词组有：secondly,inaddition,besides,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,whatisworse,forexample,inotherwords,especially,particularly,obviously,atthesametime,等,常用表达“承”的句型有:AsfarasIknow;Itistruethat;Itisknowntoallthat;Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat;Thereasonwhy.;Thereisnodoubtthat;Itisnowonderthat;WhatismoreseriousisthatItcantbedeniedthatFromwhatismentionedabove,weknow,3）“转”-巧妙转折过渡常用表达“转”的过渡词语和词组有but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,inanycase,or,orelse,while,despite,inspiteof,regardlessof,instead常用表达“转”的句型有:Everycoinhastwosides.Butfor,Iwouldnever;Anotherexampleisthat;Takingeverythingintoconsideration;ThatswhyIfeelthat等,4）“合”-完美结束全文常用表达“合”的过渡词语和词组有：inaword,ingeneral,inshort,aboveall,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary,asaresult,aboveall,onthewhole,inmyopinion等常用表达“合”的句型有:Itcanbesafelyconcludedfromthat;WecandrawtheconclusionthatItmaybebrieflysummedupasfollowsTherefore,itisnecessaryforusto等,例句Wecandrawtheconclusionthatgoodmannersarisefrompolitenessandrespectforothers.Somethingmustbedone/somemeasuresmustbetakentoimproveourenvironment.Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows:itshightimethatourgovernmenttooksomemeasurestoimproveourenvironment,A.“启”翻译下列句子：1.首先你们必须在用餐前洗手。2.我们都知道学习在生活中起着很重要的作用。3.随着科技的发展，我们的生活越来越便利。,Practicemakesperfect,B.“承”_（加之，而且），Ihavealotofhomeworktodo._(此外）,weshouldimproveourstudymethodsandgetwellpreparedfortheexam._(更重要的是）isthatyoushouldlistenattentivelyinclassanddoyouhomeworkcarefully.,Whatsmoreimportant,Inaddition/whatsmore,Besides,C.“转”1.Asstudents,weoftentakeexamsatschool,_sometimeswehavetoomanyexamswhicharetoodifficultforus.2.Idontthinkeveryonehastriedhisbest._,someofusarelazyanddontworkhardattheirlessons.3.Thesituationisgettingbetter._,therearestillsomeproblems,suchaswaterandairpollutionandheavytrafficinrushhours.,but,Onthecontrary,However,D.“合”Ihavetalkedalot._,itiswrongtocheatinexams._,itseemstomethatmeasuresareanimportantpartofourlife.,Inaword,Insummary,practice,1.众所周知，学好英语对我们大家都有益处。,2.显而易见，当我们学习一门外语时，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到我们的目标。,Itisuniversallyacknowledgedth