定语从句关系副词的用法

关系副词引导的定语从句,TheAttributiveClause,关系副词,when,where,why,1.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.,定语从句,我将永远忘不了_那一天。,我入团的,whenIjoinedtheLeague.,先行词,关系副词,在定语从句中充当时间状语,when,=onwhich,Ihaventseenhimsincetheyearwhenhewentabroad,定语从句,从_那年，我就没见过他。,他出国的,whenhewentabroad,先行词,关系副词,=inwhich,在定语从句中充当时间状语,when,when引导的定语从句:其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。（如：time,day,week,year,month等）例：ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.,（一）关系副词when引导的定语从句,知识拓展：1.关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。(具体要用什么介词，和先行词有关，视具体情况而定）,IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.(when=onwhich)Hecameatatimewhenweneededhimmost.(when=atwhich)Wewillneverforgettheyear1949whenthePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded.(when=inwhich),when=介词+which,in/at/on,2.若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。Illneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.Illneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.,1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since,B,2.Wewentthroughaperiod_communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich,C,定语从句的翻译：,AprilFoolsDayisadaywhenpeopleplayjokesonfriends,愚人节是_日子。,人们可以和朋友开玩笑的,七月一日是（他出生的）日子。July1stistheday_.,whenhewasborn,1945年是(二战结束的)时间。Theyear1945wasthetime_.,whentheSecondWorldWarended.,我永远忘不了(第一次来深圳的)那一天。Iwillneverforgettheday_.,whenIfirstcametoShenzhen.,Practice,Butfarmersinmoredevelopedcountriesoftengrowcropsinordertoselltoothercountrieswherefoodisingreaterdemand.,wherefoodisingreaterdemand,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,=inwhich,在定语从句中充当地点状语,where,TomorrowIwillgotothetownwhereIwasborn.,明天我要去_那个小镇。,我出生的,whereIwasborn.,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,=inwhich,在定语从句中充当地点状语,where,定语从句的翻译：,ThefactorywhereIworkwillclosedown.,_那家工厂将倒闭。,我工作的,1我将要去(我爷爷住的)那座城市。2Illgotothecity_.,wheremygrandpalives.,2这附近有没有(我可以买到花的)商店？Isthereashopnearhere_?,whereIcanbuysomeflowers?,3我在（我们吃午餐的）那家餐馆里丢了钱包。Ilostmywalletintherestaurant_.,wherewehadlunch.,Practice,（二）关系副词where引导的定语从句。where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。（如：place,school,factory,room等）例：Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.,如果先行词是相对抽象的名词，如situation，case，point，occasion，degree等，并且关系词在定语从句中做状语，这时应该用关系副词where引导（这是近几年高考的热点）E.g.Youcouldgetintoasituationwhereyouhavetodecideimmediately.,知识拓展：1.关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词+which”引导的定语从句(这个介词可以是at/in/on)。例：1)Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.,Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.,2)ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.,=ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.,3）Thefloorwherewesitisclean.,Theflooronwhichwesitisclean.,Thesmallmountainvillage_wespentourholidaylastmonthisnowveryfamous.Thisisthepark_theyvisitedlastyear.,比较,where,which/that,先行词是地点名词，但在定语从句中做宾语或主语时，先行词不能用where。,Ireallydontknowthereasonwhyhewaslateagain.,我真的不知道_原因。,他再次迟到的,whyhewaslateagain.,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,=forwhich,在定语从句中充当原因状语,why,Thereasonwhyhewassosadwasthathelostthegame.,_原因是他比赛输了。,他如此伤心的,whyhewassosad,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,=forwhich,在定语从句中充当原因状语,why,定语从句的翻译：,IdidnttellhimthereasonwhyIwasafraid.,我没告诉他_原因。,我害怕的,(我不给你写信的)原因是我不知道你的地址。Thereason_wasthatIdidntknowyouraddress.,whyIdidntwritetoyou,你是否知道(他们做这件事的)原因？Doyouknowthereason_?,whytheydidit,(我不喜欢那家餐馆的)原因是我在那丢过东西。Thereason_isthatIoncelostsomethingthere.,whyIdontliketherestaurant,Practice,（三）关系副词why引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。例：ThereasonwhyhedidntcometothepartyisthathedidntwanttoseeJane.,Wecantaccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.Thisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.,知识拓展：1.关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为“for+which”引导的定语从句。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.,2.若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。Thereasonthat/whichshegavewasnottrue.,即学即用1)Thereason_hedidntcomewasthathewasill.2)Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue.,why,that/which,小结：,关系副词,when,where,why,充当时间状语,=介词+which,充当地点状语,=介词+which,充当原因状语,=for+which,都相当于介词+which,先行词在从句中做状语时，关系词才可以用when，where和why。,注意,关系词及其用法小结,人,作主语,不省,人,作宾语,可省,人的/物的,作定语(+n),不省,事/物,作主语/宾语,作宾语时可省,人/物,作主语/宾语,作宾语时可省,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,that,介词+which,作时间状语,介词+which,for+which,作地点状语,作原因状语,不省,不省,不省,不可以省略,介词+关系代词引导的定语从句类型和注意事项,TheAttributiveClauseIII,1：介词+whichTheschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasclean.Thereasonforwhichwedonttrusthimisthatheoftenlies.Illneverforgetthetimeonwhichweworkedonthefarm.,Idontlikethewayinwhichshespeaks.Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcantplayedcomputergames,crashedyesterday.GuncontrolisasubjectaboutwhichAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.,2:介词+whomThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday.DoyouknowthestudenttowhomJaneistalking?ThestudenttowhomIwanttobegratefulisTom.,3（注意）含有介词的固定短语一般不拆开，仍放在动词短语的后面。例如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.(正确）ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(错误)Thebabywhomthenursesarelookingafterarehealthy.（正确）Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookinghealthy.(错误),4：who和that不能作介词的宾语，介词后关系代词只能用whom（指人），which（指物）和whose（所有格，既指人也指物）。themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(正确）TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasverycomfortable.(正确）Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(错误）TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.(错误）,使用介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词怎么选择?,1:取决于从句中谓语动词的固定搭配,ThisisthedictionaryonwhichIspent50yuan.(spend.on)ThisisthedictionaryforwhichIpaid50yuan.(pay.for.),2:取决于介词和先行词之间的搭配关系,IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirsttalkedtoaforeigner.我还记得第一次用英语和外宾交谈的那一天。（onaday)WewontforgettheyearinwhichtheOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.我们不会忘记奥运会在北京举办的那一年。（inayear),3：根据形容词与介词的搭配,ThestudenttowhomIwanttobegratefulisTom.(sbbegratefultosb),4:根据句意来确定介词,Mycellphone,withoutwhichIcantplaygames,wasstolenyesterday.昨天我的手机被偷了，没有它我不能玩游戏。,5：表示所属关系或者整体与部分的关系时，常用.ofwhich/whom来引导定语从句。,Ihavethreebrothers,twoofwhomareteachers.我又三个兄弟，其中两个是老师。Sheboughtfivebooks,threeofwhichwereaboutEnglishgrammar.她买了五本书，其中有三本是关于英语语法的,（四）判断关系代词与关系副词,方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词；而不及物动词则要用关系副词,1.Thisisthemountainvillage_Ivisitedlastyear.2.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedlastyear.3.Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedinlastyear.,that/which,where,that/which,方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。,1.Isthismuseum_youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,解题思路：题干句如果是疑问句式，要将其转化为陈述句式。方法二中的第一个句子变为肯定句：Thismuseumis_youvisitedafewdaysago.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,D,缺先行词,第二个句子变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum_theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone,A,归纳关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分：1）先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；2）先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。,way作先行词时关系词的使用,Ireallydontliketheway(that/inwhich)hetalkswithhisparents.DoitthewayIshowedyou.,inwhichthat,辨析,which/where/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,whichorwhere/when/why,1.Thisisthemuseum_mymotherworked10yearsago.(workedinthemuseum地点状语)Thisisthemuseum_wasbuiltin1950.(themuseumwasbuild)（museum主语）,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,where,which,2.July1,1921wastheday_ourPartywasfounded.(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作状语）July1,1921wastheday_wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作宾语）,when,which,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,3.Irememberthedays_Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometownduringthedays作状语）Irememberthedays_Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith.thedays作宾语）,when,which,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,4.Thehouse_weregoingtovisitwasbuiltacenturyago.(visitthehouse)Thehouse_usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow.(thehouseusedtobeatemple)Thehouse_heusedtolivewasflooded.(heusedtoliveinthehouse),(which/that),which/that,where,5.Abookstoreisaplace_youcangetbooks.(youcangetthebooksintheplace)Abookstoreisaplace_booksaresold.(booksaresoldintheplace)Abookstoreisaplace_sellbooks.(theplacesellsbooks),where,which/that,where,6.Icantfindthecard_Iwroteyouraddress.(Iwroteyouraddressonthecard)Icantfindthecard_Iwroteyouraddress.7.Thebox_heputhisphotosisgone.(heputhisphotointothebox)Thebox_heiscarryingisheavy.(heiscarryingthebox),where,where,on,which,(that/which),8.Thehotel_westayedduringourholidaystandsbytheseaside.(westayedinthehotel)Thehotel_standsbytheseasideisquitecomfortable.(thehotelstandsbytheseaside),where,which/that,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,9.Thereason_hediditisnotclear.(hediditfor.reason作状语)Thereason_hegavetotheteacherisunbelievable.(hegavethereason(宾语)totheteacher),why,which,whichorwhere/when/why,在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语,1.Doyouknow_(老师生气的原因)?2._(我们住过的酒店)providedreallygoodservice.3.Thethirdhourofclassintheafternoonis_(我们运动的时间).4.Idontlike_(我在那丢过钱包的那家商店).,thereasonwhytheteacherwasangry,Thehotelwherewestayed,thetimewhenwehavesports,theshopwhereIlostmywallet,完成句子：,5._(我爸爸工作的那家医院)isnotfarfromhere.6.Illneverforget_(我在农村工作的那些日子).7Iveneverseenhimsince_(他出国的那一年).8._(我不给你写信的原因)wasthatIhadforgotyouraddress.,Thehospitalwheremyfatherworks,thedayswhenIworkedinthecountryside,theyearwhenhewentabroad,ThereasonwhyIdidntwritetoyou,as引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子Theearthisround,and_isknowntoall._isknowntoall,theearthisround._is