Introduction of Journalistic English.ppt

Classdirection,OneclassperiodforJournalisticEnglishOneclassperiodforGeneralknowledgeofEnglish-sepeakingcountries.,Whatshallwedotoday?,0.Anintroductiontothecourse1.Introductiontonews,Englishnewspapersandmagazines，andthenewsagencies,Pre-classAttention,Dotakeyourtextbookwithyou;Dotakeapenorpencilwithyou;Dotakeyourbrainwithyou.,WhatisJournalisticEnglish?,AlanguagevarietyusedinEnglishnewspapersandmagazines,whichhasitsuniquefeaturesatvariouslevels,suchasthelexicallevel,thegrammaticallevelandtherhetoricallevel.,WhyJournalisticEnglish?,ArequiredcoursefortheEnglishmajor;Beingwellinformed;AneffectivewaytogainproficiencyinEnglish.,TogainproficiencyinEnglish,Takenewwordsandexpressionsfirstlyappearinginnewspapersandmagazinesforexample.G-string,karoshi,liposuction,lip-sync,midriff-baringshirt,Scudmissile,tapiocamilktea,transsexualoperation,etc.,suddeninfluxofmigrantlaborerswadeacrossariverbyfeelingeverystepofthewayforobstacleseco-friendlycar/zero-emissionvehiclecontributeonestechnologytobecomeashareholderhouseholdoutput-relatedcontractresponsibilitysystemtheThreeRepresentswin-win,Howtostudy?,Focusonthetextbook-JournalisticEnglsish,newsonlineFollowmyinstruction.,LearningAim,TheBasicLayoutofEnglishNewspapersGeneralFeaturesofNewsEnglishDifferentStylesofNewsArticles,FocusStudyThemes,1.Introductiontonews,Englishnewspapersandmagazinesandthenewsagencies2.LayoutofEnglishNewspapers3.Newsreporting4.Featurestory5.Opinionwriting6.Sportsnews7.Entertainmentnews8.AdvertisingEnglish,Assessment,Coursework:30%.Consistsofattendanceandassignmentsaftereachchapter.Mid-termexam:20%End-of-termexam:50%.,1.Introductiontonews,Englishnewspapersandmagazines，andthenewsagencies,Newsisafreshreportofevents，facts，oropinionsthatpeopledidnotknowbeforetheyreadyourstoryNewsisanythingtimelythatinterestsanumberofpersons，andthebestnewsisthatwhichhasthegreatestinterestofthegreatestnumber,1.1Whatisnews?,（凡是及时的、能引起一部分人兴趣的东西，便是新闻。而最好的新闻则是那种能够激起最大多数人最大兴趣的东西。）,（新闻就是针对人们读你的报道以前还不知道的事件、事实或观点的一种全新报道。）,Itisnotnewswhenadogbitesaman,butabsolutelynewswhenamanbitesadog.,News=North+east+west+south,Everyjournal,fromthefirstlinetothelast,isnothingbutatissueofhorrors.Newscanbeachronicleofthecrimes,follies,andmisfortunesofmankind.,Newscanbelaughter,tears,orcheers.,Newscanbestrangerthanfiction.,Newscangivetimelywarningofwhatmayhappen.Newsistomorrowshistorydoneupintodaysneatpackage.,1.2Thevaluesofthenews时效性（timeliness）和时新性（freshness）重要性（importance，consequence，impactorsignificance）显著性（prominence）接近性（nearness，proximityorlocality）奇异性（unusualness，bizarreness，oddityornovelty）趣味性（interest）,1.3Classificationofnews,Newsincludesavarietyoftypesofjournalism(新闻体裁)innewspapers,magazinesandbroadcasting.,NewspapercoverageMagazinecoveragePicturenews;photonewsRadionewsCableTVnewsDispatches通讯社新闻Internetnews;webnews,MassMedia,Territorialdivision,WorldnewsHomenewsLocalnews,Newscontents:,PoliticalnewsEconomicnewsTechnologicalnewsCulturalandentertainmentnewsMilitarynewsSportsnewsLegalnews/ViolenceandcrimenewsDisasternews,Hardnewsvs.Softnews,Hardnews,alsoknownaspurenewsorstraightnews,embodiestwoconcepts:Seriousness:politics,economics,crime,war,anddisastersareconsideredserioustopics,asarecertainaspectsoflaw,scienceandtechnology.Timeliness:storiesthatcovercurrentevents,Softnewsissometimesreferredtoinaderogatoryfashionasinfotainment(acombinationofcurrenteventsnewsand“featurenews”,orfeaturestories).Definingfeaturesinclude:Theleastserioussubjects:Artsandentertainment,sports,lifestyles,humaninterest,andcelebritiesNottimely,Stateoftheevents,Follow-upnews持续性新闻Breakingnews突发性新闻Generalnews一般性新闻Round-upnews综合性新闻,Newsstyle/Typesofjournalism,NewsreportingFeaturearticlesOpinionwriting(editorials,reviewsorcommentariesandcolumns)Skit/essay小品文,即随笔、杂感等,1.4Englishnewspapersandmagazines,TypesofNewspapersdailypaper,morningpaper,afternooner,eveningpaper,Sundaypaper,weeklybroadsheet/quality(printedonthelargesizeofpaper)andtabloid(ofsmallformatgivingthenewsincondensedform,usuallywithillustrated,oftensensationalmaterial)城市报(metropolitannewspaper)、郊区报(suburbannewspaper)、乡村报(ruralnewspaper),Qualitynewspapersareseriousdailyissues,theyappealmainlytotheupperandmiddleclasses.IntheUK,qualitynewspapersare“FinancialTimes”,“TheTimes”,”TheGuardian”.Popularnewspapers,tabloidnewspapersaresmallerinsizeandcontainmanyphotographs.Popularnewspapersarenotsoserious,andtheirstoriestendtobesensational.Theyappealmainlytotheworkingandmiddleclasses.Popularnewspapersare“TheDailyExpress”,”TheDailyStar”,”TheSun”,”DailyMail”.,Magazines:weekly,fortnightly,monthly,bimonthly,quarterly,MajornewspapersandmagazinesofUK,Dailypaper:TheTimes,TheTimes泰晤士报：1785年在伦敦创刊。该报以遵循严格的报道和写作标准以及追求准确性而著称，长久以来对英国的公众舆论具有深刻的影响。因此被誉为“世界第一大报纸”（theFirstNewspaperintheWorld）。Itisthemostfamousnationalpaper,firstpublishedin1785.Thoughitisnotanorganofthepoliticalparty,itoftenreflectstheviewheldbythegovernment,andpoliticallyitismoresympatheticwiththeConservativeParty.,TheDailyTelegraph,每日电讯报：1855年于伦敦创刊，该报以右翼和保守倾向的新闻报道吸引读者，曾对政府和工会进行过调查性报道。,TheGuardian,TheGuardian卫报：原名曼彻斯特卫报(TheManchesterGuardian),1821年创刊于曼彻斯特，后迁伦敦，1855年改称卫报。该报以世界性观点、文艺评论和报道以及国外通讯为特色。Theformeriscalled“ManchesterGuardian”.Ithasbeenthenamesince1954,andmoveditsbasetoLondon,itthusbecameanationalnewspaper.PoliticallyitisclosetotheLabourParty.,FinancialTimes,金融时报：1888年于伦敦创刊，是提供商业和金融消息的世界最主要日报之一；也是目前英国唯一一家每天全面报道伦敦股票市场动态的报纸。,DailyExpress,每日快讯Ithasalargecirculation.ItreflectstheviewoftheRightConservatives.,DailyMirror,TheSun,太阳报Ithasaeverylargecirculation.Itisatabloid,oftendiggingupthescandalsoftheroyalfamilyandthefamous.,Sundaypaper:TheObserver,英国观察家报创刊于1791年，是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸，该报消息比较灵通，常有一些独家新闻；大块文章较多，在中上层知识分子中颇有市场。,Magazine:TheEconomist(weekly),TheEconomist经济学家：1843年创刊，该刊物名称虽然仅涉及经济，但它也广泛报道一般新闻，尤其是与世界经济有关的国际政治动态。报道主要侧重世界政治和商业，同时也设有科技、书评和艺术等固定栏目，政治观点上倾向于自由派。,TheSpectator旁观者：创刊于1828年，是英国全国性周刊中历史最久、出版从未间断过的杂志之一。以刊载有关政治、文学和经济的评论性文章而闻名，其政治倾向较为保守。,新政治家：创刊于1934年，主要发表有关政治、社会问题、书刊、电影、戏剧等方面的评论。,TheNewStatesman,Summary:Whoreadwhat?,TheTimesisreadbythepeoplewhorunthecountry.TheGuardianisreadbypeoplewhothinktheyoughttorunthecountry.TheFinancialTimesisreadbythepeoplewhoownthecountry.TheDailyTelegraphisreadbythepeoplewhorememberthecountryasitusedtobe.,MajornewspapersandmagazinesofUSA,Newspaper:TheNewYorkTimes,TheNewYorkTimes纽约时报1851年创刊，长期以来是美国最具影响力的日报，以高水平的社论见长。该报享有可信赖的新闻来源的盛誉，其口号是刊登“所有适合刊印的新闻”。TheaveragepaperfromMondaytoSaturdayis75-80pages,andonSundaytheaveragepageis556innumber.,TheWashingtonPost,TheWashingtonPost华盛顿邮报1877年创刊于华盛顿，创刊之初是民主党的机关报，后发展成为在美国国内和国际都声名显赫的大报。该报以其社论的独到以及详尽准确的高质量报道而闻名。,LosAngelesTimes,LosAngelesTimes洛杉矶时报创刊于1881年，上世纪60年代开始从地方日报发展成为世界著名大报。现在该报已经成为中立、公正和全面新闻报导的典范。,TheWallStreetJournal,TheWallStreetJournal华尔街日报1889年创刊。该报主要报道美国和世界的商业和金融业新闻。该报享有可靠的新闻来源的盛誉，长久以来已刊登前一天金融和股票市场动态的分析表而闻名。,TheChristianScienceMonitor,TheChristianScienceMonitor基督教科学箴言报1908年创刊，由基督教科学出版社出版。该报不是专门报道宗教新闻的报纸，而是一般性的新闻报，其报道的准确性和客观性受到读者的广泛青睐。,USAToday,USAToday今日美国于1982年创刊，是美国全国性的普通大众报纸。该报打破了传统日报的沉闷风格，使用彩色印刷，刊登大型图表和大幅图片；报道采取简洁的散文式写作。这些为该报赢得了大量读者，因此该报也被称为McPaper.,Magazine:TIME(weekly),时代周刊1923年创刊，用简明综述的形式报道新闻，同时提供新闻背景，每周用分类的栏目组织新闻；报道涉及的范围包括国内和国际事务、书评、艺术、戏剧、电影、音乐、教育、宗教以学法律科学金融体育及重大事件。,Newsweek,新闻周刊1933年创刊，基本模仿Time的版式和风格