新标准大学英语四UNIT3ppt课件

.,1,Text,FiftyYearsofFashion1Nohistoryoffashionintheyears1960to2010canoverlookorunderestimatetwoconstantfactors:theubiquitousjeansandtheriseandfallofhemlinesforwomensskirtsanddresses.,.,2,Text,2Denim,thematerialwhichjeansaremadeof,wasknowninFranceinthelate16thcentury,butitwasLeviStrausswhosawthatminersintheCaliforniangoldrushinthemid-19thcenturyneededstrongtrousers,whichhereinforcedwithmetalrivets.BluedenimjeansremainedpopularintheUSasworkclothesuntilthe1950s,butthenbecameassociatedwithyouth,newideas,rebellionandindividuality.WhenLeviStrausstheactionorprocessofresistingauthority,control,orconvention反抗；反叛e.g.1.Therebellionwassoonstampedonbythearmy.军队很快平息了叛乱。2.Toorigidparentalcontrolfostersrebellionofchildren.父母管教过严会促使子女反抗。3.Thisisatypicalactofteenagerebellion.这是一种典型的青少年反抗行为。Wordfamily:rebelv.,Wordseverythingisinastateofflux.我们未来的计划未定，一切都变化莫测。Antonym:settledWordfamily:settlev.,Wordsfeelingorshowingdisapprovalofanythingregardedasimproper拘谨的，古板的；一本正经的e.g.OurEnglishteacherisaveryprim(andproper)lady.我们英语老师是一位（循规蹈矩）非常古板的女士。Wordfamily:primlyad.Seealso:primandproper.,Wordsusedtocontrastlevelsofthenounmodified（裙等）超超短的e.g.amicroskirt2)extremelysmall微小的，细微的e.g.1.amicrobook2.MacroMicroEconomicsAntonym:macro,Wordscasual,Wordstheywillobeyyoubetterifyouaskthempolitely.不要对孩子们发号施令，你如果礼貌地要求他们，他们会更听话的。,Wordsaneconomicbustisabusinessfailureorbankruptcybecauseoflackofmoney.Theexpressioneconomicboomandbustdescribescyclesinwhichaboomperiodofgrowth,highproductionandrisingpricesisfollowedbyaneconomicdecline,contractionandunemploymentbeforeanewcyclebegins.,LanguagePoints,.,129,Exactlywhywomenshouldwanttoexposemoreorlessoftheirlegsduringperiodsofeconomicboomandbustremainsamystery.在经济繁荣和萧条时期女性到底为什么要多暴露或少暴露双腿至今仍然是个谜。,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,130,Whenevertheeconomicoutlookisunsettled.Theeconomicoutlookisunsettledmeanstheeconomyisunstable,thatis,theeconomyhasproblemsandislikelytochangesuddenly,makingpeopleuncertainaboutwhatmayhappeninthefuture.每当经济前景不明朗时,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,131,SwingingLondonSwingingLondonisatermthatdescribesfashionandculturaltrendsinmusicandthemediainBritaininmid-1960s,especiallyLondon.Iconsofthetimeincludedtheminiskirt,theminicar,thefirstsupermodelslikeTwiggy(whowasfamousforbeingverythin)andfashionableshoppingstreetsforclothes(likeCarnabyStreetandKingsRoadinLondon).摇摆伦敦（时髦放纵的伦敦）,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,132,ItwasgivengreaterrespectabilitywhenthegreatFrenchdesigner,Courrges,developeditintoanitemofhighfashion.Forawhiletheminiskirtwascontroversialandnotrespectablebecauseitshowedalargeextentofthewearerslegs,butwhenCourrgesdevelopeditinParisfashionshows,thisgaveapprovalandsupport,becausetheminiskirtcouldbeconsideredanitemofhighfashion(havinghighstatusfromaParisfashionhouse).当法国杰出的时装设计师库雷热把超短裙变成一件高级时装时，超短裙得到了人们更多的认可。,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,133,thehippiemovementThehippiemovementbeganinthemid-1960sinCaliforniaandspreadinternationally.Hippieshadareputationforsocialrebellion(e.g.withdrugsandsexualbehaviour)andalternativelifestyles(e.g.incommunes).Theytriedtofindanewwayoflifewhichvaluedpeace,individuality,andreligiousandculturaldiversity.Themovementinfluencedpopularmusic,TVandfilm,literatureandthearts.,LanguagePoints,.,134,Hippiefashionsincludedlongfullskirts,bell-bottomedjeans,home-madeandtie-dyedgarments,theuseofflowerdesigns(whichrepresentedpeaceandlove),andinfluencesfromnon-Westernculturesinheadscarves,headbands,braceletsandlongbeadednecklaces.嬉皮士运动,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,135,theperiodofpunkThepunkperiod(1970s)featuredfashionsthatexpressedangeragainstsocietyandincludedbrightlycolouredhair,rippedclothesandstuddedbelts.朋克时期,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,136,theNewRomanticsTheNewRomanticswasayouthfashionmovementthatpeakedintheUKduringtheearly1980s.Itisstronglyassociatedwithmusic,whichwasinspiredbyhistoricalperiods,especiallytheEnglishRomanticMovement.Fashionshadadramatic,flamboyantlookwithlusciousfabrics,looseshirtswithfrillsandshortshirtcollars,unfolded,withtopbuttonsunfastenedandusingmonotonecolours.新浪漫派,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,137,powerdressingPowerdressingisastylishandperhapsexpensivewayofdressing(usuallyforbusiness,theprofessionsorpolitics)whichisintendedtogivetheimpressionthatthepersonwearingtheclothesisassertiveandcompetent,throughtheuseofstructuredshapes,shoulderpads,smartfabrics,highheelsandclean-cutstylingintheformofworkuniform.Whetherwearingparticularstylesofclothingempowersthewearerorwhethernewly-empoweredpeoplesimplywearclothesthatreflecttheirachievementsisanopenquestion.权威装,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,138,heavymetalmusicHeavymetalmusicisakindofrockmusicthatdevelopedintheUKandtheUSinthelate1960sandearly1970s,characterizedbyloudness,speed,distortedamplifiedsoundsandextendedguitarsolos.重金属音乐,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,139,.butthepredominantcoloursbecameolivegreenandoatmeal.Predominantcoloursrefertothemostcommoncoloursorthosewhichseemmoreimportantorpowerful.但是流行色变成了橄榄绿和米灰色。,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,140,.whichweredescribedbyonecommentatoras“theprimandproperlookisin”Afashionisinwhenitisaneworcurrentstyle,oroutwhenitisout-of-date.正如一位评论家所说的，“循规蹈矩、一本正经的式样开始流行了”,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,141,thestockmarketindexesThestockmarketindexesshowtheperformanceofthestockmarket,typicallyreflectingtheriseandfallofthesharesoflargecompanies,e.g.theFTSE(also“footsie”)isanindexofthetop100companieslistedontheLondonStockExchangeandtheNikkei225isastockmarketindexfortheTokyoStockExchange.股票指数,LanguagePoints,翻译：,.,142,Duringthewholeperiod,fashionstyleshaverangedwidely,andhaveusuallybeensparkedoffbyadesiretoident