《英语泛读第一单元》PPT课件

Unit1,PartOneADogfromNowhere,BackgroundInformation,HuntingHuntingisthepracticeofpursuinglivinganimals(usuallywildlife)forfood,recreation,ortrade.Inpresent-dayuse,thetermreferstolawfulhunting,asdistinguishedfrompoaching(偷猎),whichisthekilling,trappingorcaptureofthehuntedspeciescontrarytoapplicablelaw.Thespecieswhicharehuntedarereferredtoasgame（猎物）andareusuallymammals（哺乳动物）andmigratory（移栖）ornon-migratorygamebirds.,HuntingbecameasportinmedievalEurope,whereitwasreserved,asfaraspossible,fortheprivilegedclassesbygamelaws.Falconry猎鹰训练术andfoxhuntingbecameincreasinglypopularinEnglandintheMiddleAges,andtheuseofhuntingdogs-hounds猎狗,setters塞特种猎狗,pointers能站住用鼻尖指示猎获物所在处的猎狗,spaniels长耳猎犬andthelikebecamewidespreadinthisperiod.,Huntingcanbedividedintothreebranches,eachofwhichisdefinedbythetypeofinstrumentusedbythehunter.Huntingwithweapons(nowprimarilyfirearms)isprobablythemostpopular,especiallyintheUnitedStates.Trappingandsnaring安圈套withdeceptiveimplementsispopularinnorthernareas.Incoursing(使用猎狗)追猎(withdogs)andfalconry(withhawks鹰，隼)huntersenlisttheaidoftrainedanimals.CoursingisespeciallypopularinBritainandWesternEurope.,Typesofhuntingarealsodistinguishedbythesizeoftheanimalbeingsought.Big-gamehuntingisthemostglamorousandoftenthemostdangerous.ItbecameapopularsportamongWesterncolonialistsinAfricaandIndiaduringthe19thcentury,andeventodaythebig-gamesafari(科学考察，游猎)远征(队)(特指在非洲东部)survives.,Big-gameanimalsincludethemoose驼鹿,caribou驯鹿,bear,andelk麋，大角鹿ofNorthAmerica;thereindeer驯鹿,elk,andwolfofEurope;thetiger,leopard豹,elephant,andwildgoatofAsia;andtheantelope羚羊,gazelle瞪羚,zebra斑马,leopard美洲豹,lion,giraffe长颈鹿,rhinoceros犀牛,andelephantofAfrica.Small-gamehunting,knownas“shooting”inGreatBritain,focusesonbirdssuchasthequail鹌鹑,partridge鹧,grouse松鸡,pheasant野鸡,andgoose,aswellasonsuchanimalsasthehare野兔,rabbit,woodchuck土拨鼠类,raccoon浣熊,貉子,andsquirrel松鼠.,Extensivehunting,bothcommercialandrecreational,hasmademanyspeciesofgameanimalsextinct(thepassengerpigeon)ornearlyextinct(theAmericanbison).GamelawsandwildliferefugesintheUnitedStateshavebeendesignedtosavegameanimalsandbirdsfromextinction.,2.Dogculture,Indifferentsocietyandculture,peoplemaygivedifferentculturalconnotations（隐含意义）tothesameword.“Dog”isacommendatory（表扬的）terminEnglishwhileitisaderogatory（贬低的）terminChinese.,Inwesterncountries,peoplenotonlyjusttakedogsastheirpets,buttheirbestfriendsandtheirrelationshipisverycloseandintimate.Somepeopletreattheirpetsliketheirownchildrenorevenlikethehousegods.Theyspeaktodogs,sleepwiththemandwashthemregularly.Theybuythebestfoodtofeedtheirdogs,buythedogsclothesandgivethedogssleepingbunk.Therearemanyvets（兽医）andmanypetsshopsintheWest.,Peoplewonteatdogsmeat.Dogsmeatcanrefertomeatfordogs.Itsakindoffoodfordogs.Italsocanrefertodogsbodiesconsumption,buttheythinkitiscrueltoeatdogsmeat,andtheyfeelsicktodoso.Theylovedogs.Theytakedogsastheirbestfriendssothattheywonteatthem.,Relatedproverbs,Loveme,lovemydog.爱屋及乌Everydoghashisday.凡人皆有得意日Barkingdogsseldombite.吠犬不咬人Agooddogdeservesagoodbone.立功者受奖Heworkedlikeadog.他工作很卖力Letsleepingdogslie.莫惹是非,Alivingdogisbetterthanadeadlion.死狮不如活狗/凡事讲求实际Anolddogbarksnotinvain.老狗不乱咬/老年人做事有经验Dogdoesnoteatdog.物不伤其类。其他的词语还有:topdog指经奋斗而居高位者；竞争中夺魁者，优胜者aluckydog（幸运儿）,adogslife（苦难的日子，潦倒）dogdays（三伏天）beinthedoghouse（受冷遇，失宠）等,FurtherInformationonText-RelatedDetails,1.alost-and-found(AmericanEnglish)orlostproperty(BritishEnglish):,Usuallyfoundatlargepublicplaces,itiswherevisitorscangotoretrievelostarticlesthatmayhavebeenfoundbyothervisitors.Frequentlyfoundatmuseums,amusementparts,schools,etc.,alost-and-foundwilltypicallybeaboxorroominalocationnearthemainentrance.Itwouldbeclearlymarkedsothatanyonewhohasfoundamisplacedarticlecanfindit.,2.Pittsfield皮茨菲尔德:,ItisthelargestcityinBerkshireCounty,Massachusetts,theUSA.Thepopulationwas45,793atthe2000censusandremainsrelativelystable.ItisoneofthepopulationcentersofWesternMassachusetts.,3.shotgun散弹枪，鸟枪，猎枪,Ashotgunisafirearmtypicallyusedtofireanumberofsmallsphericalpellets球形小子弹calledshot.Sincethepoweroftheexplodingchargeisdividedamongthepellets,theenergyofanyoneballofshotisfairlylow,makingshotgunsusefulprimarilyforhuntingbirdsandothersmallgame.,4.BunkerHill邦克山(一座矮山,32.6米(107英尺)高,位于马萨诸塞州波士顿的一个地区,查尔斯顿。美国独立战争时期第一次主要的战役就于1775年7月17日发生在附近的布里德山).,BunkerHillisoriginallyreferredtoasahillinBoston,MassachusettsandafamousbattleoftheAmericanRevolutionaryWarwasfoughtnearthehill.Later,severalUSwarshipsarenamedafterthebattlegroundincludingtheEssexClassaircraftcarrierUSSBunkerHill(CV-17)(邦克山号航空母舰)andtheTiconderogaclasscruiserUSSBunkerHill(CG-52)(巡洋舰邦克山号),5.NewGuinea新几内亚(岛)西太平洋,LocatedjustnorthofAustralia,itistheworldssecondlargestisland.Thecurrentpopulationoftheislandisabout6.9million.,6.Tennessee,aU.S.statelocatedinthesouthernUnitedStates.In1796,itbecamethesixteenthstatetojointheunion.Tennesseeisknownasthe“VolunteerState”,anicknameitearnedduringtheWarof1812,inwhichvolunteersoldiersfromTennesseeplayedaprominentrole,especiallyduringtheBattleofNewOrleans.,Exercises,II.ComprehensionPoints,1.Wouldnthavestayedheresocontentedly.(L.5)Whatistheimplicationofthesentence?,ThesentenceimpliesthatMr.Juneswantedverymuchtokeepthedogandhehadtakengoodcareofhim.,2.Idhatetoseeafinedoglikethat(L.17)Completethesentence.,Idhatetoseeafinedoglikethatbetakenawaybysomebodyotherthanitsowner.,3.onesleevehunglimpbyhisside.(L.60)Whathappenedtohisarm?,Itwaslostinthewar,perhapstheSecondWorldWar.,4.Imsureheleftyouproudmemories.(L.80)Whydidhesayso?,ThecrewoftheBunkerHillfoughtbravelyduringthewar,soMr.andMrs.Junesmustbeproudoftheirsonwhowasoneofthegreatcrew.,5.ItwasthenthathopediedintheheatofMr.Junes.(L.98)Whydidhopedieinhisheart?,BecausethemansdescriptionofthedogfitexactlyandMr.Junesthoughthemustbetheownerofthedog,hishopeofkeepingthedogdied.,6.Butquicklyheloweredhisheadandturnedaway.(L.128)Whydidhedoso?,Hedidsobecausehewasverysadnow.Heknewthatitwasimpossibleforhimtolearntohuntwithonlyonearm.,7.helookedfromonetotheother,abaffledexpressiononhisface.(L.135)Whywasthereabaffledexpressiononhisface?,Thedoglovedbothmen,andconsideredbothofthemhisowners.Hewasntsurewhichmanheshouldgoto.,8.Backatthehouse,theboyhurriedlythankedthemfortheirhospitalityandwasgone.(L.146)Whywasheinsuchahurry?,Itwashardforhimtodecidetogiveupthedog.Ifhestayedlonger,hemightbecomesadderandevenchangehismind.Andhewasalsoafraidthatthedogmightshowsignsofrecognizinghim,whichwouldmaketheoldmansuspiciousthathewastherightownerofthedog.,9.Ithascomefromadistantcity,andwasunsigned.(L.156)Whywasthetelegramunsigned?Anwhodoyouthinkmighthavesentit?,ThetelegramwasunsignedbecausethesenderofthetelegramdidntwantMr.Junestoknowwhohewas,andhealsoexpectednoreplyfromMr.Junes.Itmustbethetallyoungmanwhohadoncetriedtoclaimthedog.,III.Translation,1.最后，他在一家市区银行里找到了一份工作。在那里他见到了许多钱，但他连摸一下那些钱的机会都没有。35年里他呆在同一间办公室里，坐在同一张办公桌前，在没有尽头的日子里做着同样的事情。,2.可是狗呢？他一只也没有，而且他想要的那种狗很难弄到，既是他有钱也不行。,3.“现在的困难，”他说，“是找到他的名字。不能随便给狗起个名字。我会再列个单子。”,KeytoText-RelatedQuestions,1.WhatkindofdreamdidMr.Juneshave?Wouldthisdreamfinallycometrue?Ifyes,stateyourreasons.,Hisdreamwasthathewouldsomedaygobacktothecountryandpickupwhereheleftoff.Hisdreamcouldcometrue,becausenowatsixty-six,hehadpartofitanyway.Hehadgottenhimselfafarm.Thelandwasntmuchgood,butitwasstillafarm.Anditcontainedbigcoveysofquail,whoseclamoringtakeofffilledhimwithatremendousthrill.,2.WhatkindofpersonwasMr.Junes?,Obviouslyhewasakindman,whowaswarm-heartedandlovedpeacefullife.,3.DidMr.Juneswanttokeepthedog?Whydidheplaceanadinthenewspaper?,Yes,hedid.Becausethelawrequiresthefinderofanylostobjectputanadthreetimesinthelost-and-found.,4.Whowastherealownerofthedog?Whydidnthetakethedogback?,Thetallyoungmanwastherealownerofthedog.Becausehefoundthattheoldmanlovedthedogverymuch,andthedoghadbecomeanimportantpartforhimtomakehislife-longdreamcometrue.Whatsmore,thedogalsolovedtheoldman.,PartTwoWelcometoOurBank,BackgroundInformation,1.bankteller:Abankteller(银行的)出纳员isanemployeeofabankwhodealsdirectlywithmostcustomers.Tellersareconsidereda“frontline”inthebankingbusiness.Thisisbecausetheyarethefirstpeoplethatacustomerseesatthebankandarealsothepeoplemostlikelytodetectandstopfraudulent欺骗性的transactionsinordertopreventlossesatabank(i.e.counterfeit假的currencyandcheques,identitytheft,con欺诈的artistschemes,etc.).Thepositionalsorequirestellerstobefriendlyandinteractwiththecustomers,providingthemwithinformationaboutcustomersaccountandbankservices.,Mosttellershaveawindow(orwicket(银行等的)营业窗口)andacashdrawerfromwhichtheyperformtheirmoneytransactions.Oneofthemoreunnerving使失去意志力，使丧失勇气scenarios剧情说明foratellerisabankrobbery.Thesedonotoccurveryfrequentlybutareoneofthemostdangerousthingsthatatellercanexperienceonthejob.,2.bankrobbery,Bankrobberyisthecrimeofstealingfromabankduringopeninghours.Breakingintoabankwhenitisclosedisburglary.Bankrobberyismostfrequentlyincitiesandlargetowns.Theshareofbankrobberiesinsmalltownsincreasedfromabout20%in1996toaboutonethirdin2002,butthemajorityofbankrobberiesareconcentratedinurbanareas.,Violenttakeovertypebankrobberiesdooccur,butareveryrare.Themajorityofbankrobberiestakingplacetodayaresocallednotejobs.Thisisacasewherethebankrobbersimplypassesanotetoatellerinformingthetellerthatarobberyisinprogressandthatthetellershouldhandoverallthemoney.Theideaistoattractaslittleattentionaspossible.Inmostcases,othercustomerspresentinthebankduringsucharobberyarecompletelyunawareofwhatisoccurring.,Standardbankpolicyistoavoidviolenceasmuchaspossible,sotheywillnormallyhandoverthemoneyandtrytoadheretotherobbersdemands.Therobberusuallymakesawaywithcash,buttypicallyinrelativelysmallamounts.Althoughitmaybedifficulttocontrolyourangerinsuchasituation,thebestthingistojustgettherobberoutoftheresothateverybodyissafe.Simplyfollowinstructions,lettheguyhavewhathewants.Thesoonerhegetsitthesoonerhellgoaway.,Everylawenforcementofficialwilltellyouthesamething:themostheroicactyoushouldtakeinabankrobberyisnoticinganydetailsabouttherobber.Youshouldnottrytostoptherobberybyforce.Lawenforcementwillpursuetherobber.Agitatingabankrobbercanresultinharmtoyourselfand/orothers.itssimplynotworthallofthemoneyintheworld.,FurtherInformationonText-relateddetails,1.audit:Anauditisanevaluationofanorganization,system,process,projectorproduct.Inaccounting,anauditisanindependentassessmentofthefairnessbywhichacompanysfinancialstatementsarepresentedbyitsmanagement.Itisperformedbycompetent,independentandobjectivepersons,knownasauditorsoraccountants.,2.theboardofdirectors:Inrelationtoacompany,adirectorisanofficerofthecompanychargedwiththeconductandmanagementofitsaffairs.Thedirectorscollectivelyarereferredtoasaboardofdirectors.Sometimestheboardwillappointoneofitsmemberstothechairmanoftheboard.,II.ComprehensionPoints,1.Mournfully,GeorgePickenwalkedhomefromworkeveryday,andaskedhimselfthesequestions.(L.48)WhywasGeorgePickenmournful?,Becausethebankwasnotrobbed,andthushehadnochanceoftakinganymoneyfromthebank.Perhapshewasalsomournfulbecauseofadulllife,whichwouldbebrightenedbymoney.,2.Itwasassimpleascouldbe,andeverytimeGeorgePickenexaminedtheplan,itseemedmorecertain.(L.59)Whatwashisplan?,Hisplanwas:ifheisrobbed,hewilltaketherestofthemoneyinhiscashbox,andclaimthatallthemoneyhasbeentakenbytherobber.,3.andithadbeenanevenchanceastowhowouldgetthebusiness.(L.104)Tellthemeaningofthispartofthesentence.,Thispartofthesentencemeans:HeandMissDykeshadthesamechanceofbeingrobbed.,4.“Allthemorereasonformetogo,”(L.151)Whatwa