Unit 2-Section A.ppt

SectionAOurChangingLifestyle:TrendsandFads,Contents,TextA,MainIdeadungarees;jeans喇叭裤theflaredtrousers;thebell-bottoms海魂衫asailorsstripedshirt蛤蟆镜goggles,Warmingup,Reference:粮票graincoupons搪瓷杯anenamelledcup雪花膏facecream连环画serialpictures水枪waterpistols掌上游戏机handheldgameconsole,ReadingThrough,Thesedays,lifestyleshaveatendencytochangesofast.Itismorethanjustclothingandhairstylesthatareinstyleoneyearandoutofdatethenext;itsawholewayofliving.Oneyear,peoplewearhatsandbluejeans;theydrinkwhitewineandeatatJapaneserestaurants:forexercisetheyrunseveralmilesaday.Thenextyear,however,everythinghaschanged:womenwearlongskirts;peopledrinkexpensivewaterfromFrance,andeatatItalianrestaurants:everyoneseemstobeexercisingathealthclubs.,Para.1-2,Chinese,OurChangingLifestyle:TrendsandFads,TextA,Almostnothinginmodernlifegetsawayfromtheinfluenceoffashion:food,music,exercise,books,language,movies,furniture,andevennamesgoinandoutoffashion.Theintereststhatpeoplefollowcanchangeveryquickly.,Para.3,Chinese,TextA,IntheUnitedStates,evenpeoplecanbe“in”or“out”.Americansenjoyfollowingthelivesoffamouspeople:actors,sportsheroes,well-knownartists,politicians,andthelike.ButAmericansalsopayalotofattentiontopeoplewhohavenospecialabilityatall.In1981,forexample,anunknownelderlywomanappearedinaTVadvertisementinwhichshelookedataverysmallhamburgerandcomplainedloudly,“Wheresthebeef?”Thesethreewordsmadeherfamous.Suddenlysheappearedinmagazinesandnewspapers,andonTVshows.Shewasimmediatelypopular.Shewas“in”.However,thiskindoffamedoesnotlastlong.Suchpeoplearefamousforaveryshorttimetheyarefads.,Para.4,Chinese,TextA,Whatcausessuchfadstocomeandgo?Althoughclothingdesignersinfluencefadsinfashionbecausetheywanttomakemoney,thisdesireformoneydoesntexplainfadsinotherareas,suchaslanguage.Forexample,whyhaveteenagersinthepasttwenty-fiveyearsusedatdifferenttimesthewordsgroovyorawesomeinconversationinsteadofsimplysayingwonderful?Accordingtoanexpertinpopularculture,peoplewhofollowfadsarenotfoolishorvain;theysimplywanttobepartofsomethingnewandcreative.,Para.5,Chinese,TextA,FadsarenotlimitedtotheUnitedStates,however.Fadsarecommoninanycountrythathasastrongeconomy(e.g.Britain,Japan,andGermany).However,intheUnitedStates,thereisanadditionalreasonforfads:mostAmericansseemtofeelthatsomethingiswrongifthereisntfrequentchangeintheirlives.,Para.6,Chinese,TextA,Itssometimesdifficulttoseethedifferencebetweenafadandatrend.Afadlastsaveryshorttimeandisnotveryimportant.Asocialtrend,however,survivesalongtimeandbecomesatruepartofmodernculture.Theuseofpersonalcomputers,forexample,isatrend;afad,ontheotherhand,couldbetheuseofcertaintypesofcomputergames.Whoknowswhatchangesinlifestylewillhappennext?,Para.7itsawholewayofliving.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Almosteverythinginmodernlifeisinfluencedbyfashion.,Almostnothinginmodernlifegetsawayfromtheinfluenceoffashion.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:.almostanything,includingfood,music,exercise,books,language,movies,furniture,andevennames,canbepopularatcertaintimesandstopbeingpopularatothertimes.,.food,music,exercise,books,languages,movies,furniture,andevennamesgoinandoutoffashion.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:IntheUnitedStates,evenpeoplecanbeinfashionoroutoffashion.,IntheUnitedStates,evenpeoplecanbe“in”or“out”.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Americansenjoylearningaboutthelifestylesoffamouspeople,suchasactors,sportsheroes,well-knownartists,politiciansandsoon,andtrytoleadasimilarlife.,Americansenjoyfollowingthelivesoffamouspeople:actors,sportsheroes,well-knownartists,politicians,andthelike.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:In1981,forexample,anunknownelderlywomanwasonTVinanadvertisement.Inthisadvertisement,shelookedataverysmallhamburgerand,feelingdissatisfied,saidloudlyandangrily,“Wheresthebeef?”,In1981,forexample,anunknownelderlywomanappearedinaTVadvertisementinwhichshelookedataverysmallhamburgerandcomplainedloudly,“Wheresthebeef?”,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Suddenlyshebecamesopopularthathernameappearedinmagazinesandnewspapers,andshewasinvitedtotakepartinTVprograms.,Suddenlysheappearedinmagazinesandnewspapers,andonTVshows.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:However,thesekindsofpeoplebecomewellknownandarewidelytalkedaboutforonlyashorttime.,However,thiskindoffamedoesnotlastlong.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Whydosuchfadschangesoquickly?,Whatcausessuchfadstocomeandgo?,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Clothingdesignersstartnewfadsintheareaoffashionbecausetheywanttoearnmoney,butfadsinotherareas,suchasfadsintheareaoflanguage,arenotcausedbypeoplesdesiretoearnmoney.,Althoughclothingdesignersinfluencefadsinfashionbecausetheywanttomakemoney,thisdesireformoneydoesntexplainfadsinotherareas,suchaslanguage.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Forexample,whyhavetheyoungpeopleusedthewords“groovy”or“awesome”atdifferentperiodsoftimeinthepasttwenty-fiveyearswhentalkingtoothersandnotsimplyused“wonderful”,whichhasthesamemeaning?,Forexample,whyhaveteenagersinthepasttwenty-fiveyearsusedatdifferenttimesthewordsgroovyorawesomeinconversationinsteadofsimplysayingwonderful?,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Anexpertwhostudiespopularculturesaysthatpeoplefollowfashionableinterestsoractivitiesneitherbecausetheydonthavegoodsensenorbecausetheythinktoohighlyofthemselves.,Accordingtoanexpertinpopularculture,peoplewhofollowfadsarenotfoolishorvain.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:.theysimplywanttotakepartinnewandoriginalactivities.,.theysimplywanttobepartofsomethingnewandcreative.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:However,fadsexistnotonlyintheUnitedStates,butalsoinothercountries.,FadsarenotlimitedtotheUnitedStates,however.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Fadsarecommoninanydevelopedcountry,suchasBritain,Japan,andGermany.,Fadsarecommoninanycountrythathasastrongeconomy(e.g.Britain,Japan,andGermany).,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:.itseemsthatformostAmericans,theirlivesshouldoftenchange;otherwise,theyfeelthereissomethingwrong.,.mostAmericansseemtofeelthatsomethingiswrongifthereisntfrequentchangeintheirlives.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Butasocialtrendcontinuestoexistforalongtimeandthenbecomesarealpartofmodernculture.,Asocialtrend,however,survivesalongtimeandbecomesatruepartofmodernculture.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Itishardtotellwhatchangesinlifestylewillhappennext.,Whoknowswhatchangesinlifestylewillhappennext?,MeaningoftheSentences,Ourlifestyleischangingallthetimeandtherearedifferenttrendsandfadsatdifferenttimes.Notonlyclothingandhairstyle,butalsothewholewayoflivingarechangingrapidly.Butwhydofadschangesoquickly?Forsomepeople,theyjustwanttomakemoneywhileforothers,theysimplywanttotakepartinnewandoriginalactivities.Inspiteofthedifferencebetweenafadandatrend,fadsexistineverycountry.Andnooneknowswhatchangesinlifestylewillhappennext.,MainIdea,MainIdeacomeintosight出现；呈现e.g.Thesymptomsdontappearuntilafewdayslater.【2】seem;giveotherpeopleaparticularideaorfeeling似乎；好像；看来e.g.Loveappearstobemorebeautifulinstoriesthanin,NewWords,Exercises,症状要到几天后才显现。,故事里的爱情似乎比现实生活中的要美一些。,Exercises,appear,2.都市人似乎永远在忙忙碌碌。,Citypeopleappeartobehurryingallthetime.,1.她乌黑的头发中露出了丝丝银发。,Graybegantoappearinherblackhair.,NewWords,Exercises,advertisementn.广告,e.g.Thisadvertisementisfullofexaggeration.这个广告满是夸张的言辞。,我刚在报纸上看到你们的招聘广告，我想应聘。,IvejustseenyouradvertisementforjobsinthenewspaperandIwouldliketoapply.,NewWords,Exercises,complain-v.抱怨；发牢骚；诉苦；投诉,e.g.Tocomplainaboutthingsallthetimemakesonesick.,如果商品质量不好，你应该向生产商投诉。,Ifgoodsarenotwellmade,youshouldcomplaintothemanufacturer.,NewWords,老是发牢骚让人不舒服。,Exercises,famen.名气；名声；声誉,e.g.Hisfamedidnotcomeuntilafterhisdeath.,出名后的一个坏处就是人们在大街上对你指指点点。,Oneofthedisadvantagesoffameisthatpeoplepointatyouinthestreet.,NewWords,他死后才成名。,causeleadtoorbethecauseof导致；引起；使发生e.g.Thechildsheadachemaybecausedbystress.n.【1】aperson,thing,oreventthatmakessomethinghappen原因；起因e.g.Scientistsaresearchingforthecauseofthedisease.【2】aprinciple,aimormovementthatisstronglydefendedorsupported事业；目标e.g.Theorganizationhassuccessfullygottensupportforitscause.,Exercises,NewWords,这孩子的头痛可能是紧张引起的。,科学家正在寻找这种疾病的起因。,该组织成功地为其事业赢得了支持。,Exercises,cause,2.贫穷不一定导致犯罪。,Povertyisnotnecessarilyacauseofcrime.,1.他的话引起了不同的反应。,Hiswordshavecauseddifferentreactions.,NewWords,3.他对自己的事业很有信心，因而不会改变主意。,Hehasastrongbeliefinhiscauseandwillnotchangehismind.,desiren.astronghopeorwish愿望；欲望；心愿e.g.Attractivestoredisplayscancreateadesireforthegoods.v.(formal)wishorwantverymuch（正式）渴望；想要e.g.Hesuddenlydesiredaglassofbeeratthesightoftheadvertisement.,Exercises,NewWords,商店引人注目的陈设能激发人们的购买欲望。,看到这则广告，他突然很想喝杯啤酒。,Exercises,desire,2.我们渴望两国之间保持永久的(durable)和平。,Wedesireadurablepeacebetweenthetwonations.,1.在国外旅行了这么久，她萌发了再次回到家乡的愿望。,Aftertravelingoutofhercountryforsolong,shehadadesiretogobacktoherhometownagain.,NewWords,arean.【1】(therangeorlimitsof)asubject,activity,etc.学科范围；领域；方面e.g.Hehasawealthofexperienceinthisarea.他在这个领域有宝贵的经验。【2】apartordivisionofaregionorofacountry地区；区域e.g.Thepolicearetryingtopreventpeoplefromenteringthatarea.警方正设法阻止人们进入那个区域。,NewWords,Exercises,Exercises,area,2.我们正计划在这个地区建一家工厂。,Weareplanningtosetupafactoryinthisarea.,1.这是植物研究的新领域。,Thisisanewareainthestudyofplants.,NewWords,Exercises,creativeadj.创造性的；有创造力的,e.g.Theproblemisturningcreativeideasintorealproducts.,有创造力的人必须能够想象出某种事物、人物及场景。,Creativepeoplemustbeabletoimagineobjects,peopleandscenes.,NewWords,问题是要把有创造性的想法变成真实的产品。,economyn.【1】thesystembywhichacountryswealthisproducedandused经济情况；经济体制e.g.Tounderstandacountryseconomy,economistscheckthegrowthinacertainindustry.【2】(anexampleof)thecarefuluseofmoney,time,effort,etc.,inordertoavoidwaste节约；节省e.g.Letsbeginwitheconomyinstationery.,NewWords,Exercises,为了解一个国家的经济，经济学家们核查某种产业的增长情况。,让我们从节约办公用品做起。,Exercises,economy,2.新总裁决定在公司里实行节俭。,Thenewpresidenthasdecidedtopracticeeconomyinthecompany.,1.加入世贸组织给中国的经济带来了哪些好处？,WhatdidChinaseconomybenefitfromenteringtheWTO?,NewWords,Exercises,additionaladj.另外的；附加的；追加的,e.g.WeofferadditionalcoursestohelpstudentsspeakEnglishmorefluently.,如需任何其他信息，请来电。,Pleasecallforanyadditionalinformationifyourequire.,NewWords,我们另外开设其他课程以帮助学生更流利地说英语。,Exercises,frequentadj.频繁的；屡见不鲜的；常见的,e.g.Heneedsfrequentrestsduringwork.,这座城市经常发生抢劫。,Robberiesarequitefrequentinthiscity.,NewWords,他工作中时常需要休息一下。,survivevi.continuetoliveorexist,especiallyaftercomingclosetodeath幸存；活下来；残存e.g.Icantsurviveon$30aweek.vt.continuetoliveorexistafter比活得长；经历之后还存在e.g.Onlyspecialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesert.,NewWords,Exercises,靠每星期30美元的生活费我没法生活。,只有特殊的植物才能在可怕的沙漠气候中存活下来。,Exercises,survive,2.这些唱片保留下来的寥寥无几。,Veryfewoftheserecordssurvive.,1.有的房屋和桥梁可以抗震。,Somebuildingsandbridgescansurviveanearthquake.,NewWords,Exercises,outofdate过时的；不用的,玫瑰永远都是最受欢迎的花，因为爱情永远不会过时。,e.g.Dontlistentohimhisideasareoutofdate.,Expressions,Roseisgoingtoremainthemostpopularflowerbecauseloveisneveroutofdate.,别听他的，他的想法已经过时了。,Exercises,in/outoffashion流行/不流行,人们都笑话他的衣服又旧又过时。,e.g.Atpresent,TanggarmentsareinfashioninChina.,Expressions,Peoplelaughedathimbecausehisclotheswereoldandoutoffashion.,中国目前流行唐装。,Exercises,andthelike诸如此类；等等,我小儿子的包里总是放满了小动物、树叶等诸如此类的东西。,e.g.Afurniturestoresellsbeds,tables,chairsandthelike.,Expressions,Mylittleboysbagisalwaysfilledwithsmallanimals,leavesandthelike.,家具店出售床、桌子、椅子诸如此类的东西。,Exercises,payattentionto留心；注意,医生应该听病人怎么说，这点永远都很重要。,e.g.Peoplethoughthewasstupidandneverpaidattentiontohim.人们认为他愚钝，从来不注意他。,Expressions,Itisalwaysimportantfordoctorstopayattentiontowhatthepatientssay.,Exercises,comeandgo来来去去；忽隐忽现；变化无常,潮流变来变去，但是这种款式却始终受到欢迎。,e.g.Peoplecomeandgo,butIwillneverforgetyou.,Expressions,Fashionscomeandgo,butthisstylehasalwaysbeenpopular.,人来人往，但我永远不会忘记您。,Exercises,makemoney挣钱；赚钱,别忘了这是商业，我们是来赚钱的。,e.g.HecameallthewaytoChinajusttomakemoney.他大老远来到中国就是为了赚钱。,Expressions,Dontforgetthisisacommercialbusinessandweareheretomakemoney.,Exercises,UsingtheRightWord,WorkingwithExpressions,FocusingonSentenceStructure,Translating,UsingTopic-relatedTerms,BasicWritingSkills,Completethefollowingsentenceswiththehelpofthefirstletter(s).Fillineachblankwithonewordonly.UsethewordsfromthewordlistofTextAinthisunit.,1.Imgoingtosellthehouse,togetherwiththef_.,urniture,2.Youhadatrafficaccident,soyoullhavetoap_incourt.,pear,UsingtheRightWord,3.Thereisanad_forournewproductinthelocalnewspaper.,vertisement,4.Ide_nothingotherthantobeleftinpeace.Sojustgoaway.,sire,5.Itisf_tospendmoneyonsomethingyoudontuse.,oolish,6.Weshouldtryhardtodeveloptourism(旅游业).Tourismcr_jobsforlocalpeople.,eate,UsingtheRightWord,7.Thedevelopmentoftheworldse_willbringaboutmanynewproblems.,conomy,8.Motherwillneedad_helptodotheworksincesheisnotingoodhealth.,ditional,1.Unfortunately,thehatIhadjustboughtwasnolonger_fashion.2.Yououghttopaymoreattention_thequalityofthesegoods.3.Iwanttocomplain_thefoodandtheserviceinthisrestaurant.4.Thetrendatthemomentis_amorenaturalandlessmade-uplook.,in,to,about,towards,WorkingwithExpressions,Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithasuitableprepositionoradverb.,5.IwillmeetMr.Smith_thebookclubat10oclock.6.Wehaveinvitedanexpert_thisareatogiveusaspeech.7.Ihaveastrongdesire_freshairafterstayinginthesmallroomforseveralhours.8.Hisknowledgeisonlylimited_whatistaughtinclass.,at,in,for,to,WorkingwithExpressions,Model:Itisnotonlyclothingandhairstylesthatareinstyleoneyearandoutofdatethenext;itsawholewayofliving.Key:Itismorethanjustclothingandhairstylesthatareinstyleoneyearandoutofdatethenext;itsawholewayofliving.,A.Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodel,usingtheexpression“morethanjust”.,FocusingonSentenceStructure,Childrenlikeitbecauseitismorethanjustasimpletoy.,Morethanjustyourlifewillbeaffected;itisthewholegroup.,Shecanmorethanjustsingwell;sheisalsoagooddancer.,1.Childrenlikeitbecauseitisnotjustasimpletoy.2.Notonlyyourlifewillbeaffected;itisthewholegroup.3.Shecannotonlysingwell;sheisalsoagooddancer.,FocusingonSentenceStructure,Model:Itseemsthatwellhavefineweathertoday.Key:Itappearsthatwellhavefineweathertoday.,B.Rewritethefollowingsentencesafterthemodel,usingtheword“appear”.,FocusingonSentenceStructure,1.Itseemsthatyoullbetheonlyboyattheparty.2.Heseemstobefriendly,butyoustillhavetobecareful.3.SheseemedquiteexcitedtohearthatJohnwascomingsoon.,Itappearsthatyoullbetheonlyboyattheparty.,Heappearstobefriendly,butyoustillhavetobecareful.,SheappearedquiteexcitedtohearthatJohnwascomingsoon.,FocusingonSentenceStructure,A.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.,1.如果他一开始谈论过去，你就永远都没法从他那儿脱身。(getawayfrom),Ifhestartstalkingaboutthepast,youllnevergetawayfromhim.,2.冬天失业率有上升的趋势。(tendency),Thereisatendencyforjoblossestoriseinthewinter.,Translating,A.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.,3.在我不断地要求下，父亲终于同意和我一起去澳大利亚了。(frequent),Becauseofmyfrequentdemands,fatherfinallyagreedtogotoAustraliawithme.,4.他把老店卖了，开了一家新店，以便赚更多的钱。(makemoney),Hesoldhisshopandopenedanewonetomakemoremoney.,Translating,B.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.,1.Itismorethanjustclothingandhairstylesthatareinstyleoneyearandoutofdatethenext;itsawholewayofliving.,迅速变化的不仅仅只是一年流行而第二年就过时的服饰和发型，而是整个生活方式。,2.In1981,forexample,anunknownelderlywomanappearedinaTVadvertisementinwhichshelookedataverysmallhamburgerandcomplainedloudly,“Wheresthebeef?”,比如，1981年，一位名不见经传的老妇人出现在一个电视广告里，她看着一只很小的汉堡包，大声抱怨道：“牛肉呢？”,Translating,B.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.,3.Althoughclothingdesignersinfluencefadsinfashionbecausetheywanttomakemoney,thisdesireformoneydoesntexplainfadsinotherareas,suchaslanguage.,尽管时装设计师影响时装潮流为的是赚钱，但这种赚钱的欲望并不能解释其他方面的时尚，例如语言。,4.However,intheUnitedStates,thereisanadditionalreasonforfads:mostAmericansseemtofeelthatsomethingiswrongifthereisntfrequentchangeintheirlives.,但是，在美国，时尚的发生另有其因：大多数美国人似乎觉得，如果他们的生活没有发生频繁的变化，那一定有什么地方不对劲了。,Translating,Usethefollowingwordsandexpressionstocompletethepassagebelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.,Alltypesoffads_aroundus.Whatis_todaymaygo_nextmonthbecausethechangeissofast.Somepeople,especially_arebusy_.Intodayssociety,almosteveryoneisinfluencedby_tosomedegree.,instyleoutofdatefashioncomeandgoteenagersfollowfads,comeandgo,instyle,outofdate,teenagers,followingfads,fashion,UsingTopic-relatedTerms,英语写作中，动词的常用时态的使用主要遵循下列规则：,1.关于事实、真理和习惯通常用一般现在时。例如：NewYearsEveistheworldsoldestcelebration.(TextA,Unit6,Book1)2.对于发生在过去时间里的事实或事件通常使用一般过去时。例如：Infact,ancientpeoplecelebratedtheNewYearevenbeforetheyhadwaysofmeasuringtime.(TextA,Unit6,Book1),BasicWritingSkills,3.对于发生在过去，但状态却一直持续到现在，或许将来还会发生的事情，通常使用现在完成时。例如：Formorethantwentyyears,millionsofAmericanshavebeenabletowa