最新高考英语书面表达基本句式及常见句型

一、书面表达的五种基本句式 1. S+ V+ P (主+ 系动词+ 表). 常见的系动词有: b e, seem, app ear,become, go, ge,t grow, tu rn, look, sound, fee,l taste, smell 例如: He is a maths teacher.他是一位数学老师。 2. S+ V .i + (A ) (主+ 不及物动词+ (状) ) 例如: The train leaves at 7: 00.火车七点离站。 3. S+ V .t + O (主+ 及物动词+ 宾) 例如: The boss employed five more workers.老板又多雇了五个人。 4. S + V.t + O i + Od (主+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语)有些动词需要接两个宾语。间接宾语一般由人充当, 直接宾语一般由物充当。常见的能接双宾语的动词有: give, offer, teach, tel,l read, ask,b ring, pass, lend, retu rn, w rite, th row, allow, send, cos,t mak e, buy, do,ge,t save, cook, s ing, find等。 例如: Who sent you the computer?谁送你的电脑? 5. S+ V.t + O + O c (主+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语) 例如: The villagers didnt allow them to do this.村民们不允许他们做这件事。 巩固练习: 用括号内所给的基本句型将下列句子译成汉语, 需要的话可加上适当的修饰语。 1. 你的故事听起来很有趣。(主+ 系+ 表) 2. 我妹妹是在农村长大的。(主+ 谓) 3. 他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。(主+ 谓+ 宾) 4. 顺便问一下, 他把钱付给你了吗? (主+ 谓+ 间宾+ 直宾) 5. 他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净。(主+ 谓+ 宾+ 宾补) Keys: 1. Your story sounds interes ting . 2. M y sister grew up in th e coun tryside. 3. He brok e traf fic ru les because he d rove too fas.t 4. By the way, h as h e paid you th emon ey? 5. He always k eeps h is bedroom t idy. 二、书面表达常见句型 1. Th ere b e句型及其扩展形式, 表示存在。常用的动词有stand, ex is,lie run等。There可用地点状语替换。 例如: In front of the houses tands a tree. 房前耸立着一颗树。 练习: 今天晚上将有一场报告。 Keys: There will be a lecture tonight 2. 强调句型(结构: It is / was + 被强调部分+ that /指人时可用who代替) 例如: It was from this incident that I felt the happ iness to help others.就是从这件事我感到了帮助别人的快乐。 练习: 就是这次活动让我了解了保护环境有多么的重要。 Keys: It was this activity thatmade me know how important to protect the environmen.t 3. too to / so as to / enough to do / so that / such that 表示结果。 例如: The problem was so difficult that none of us could work it out 这道题如此的难以至于没有人做出来。 练习: 去年这个地区雨水很少, 以至于村民们不得不从河里抽水。 K eys: Th ere was so little rain last year that the villagers had to pump water from the river. 4. not un til /Not un til / It was not unt il that 例如: He did not realize he was wrong until then. Not unti l then did he realize he was wrong. It was not until then that he realized he was wrong. 直到那时他才意识到他错了。 练习: 直到他的父母来了, 我们才回家。 K eys: W e d id not go home until his parents came. 5. Hardly when / No sooner than 刚一 就 例如: Hardly had we arrived home when it began to rain.我们刚一到家天就开始下雨了。 练习: 我们刚到河边就听见有人喊救命。 K eys: Hardly had we arrived at the river when we heard cal ls for h elp. 6. w ith复合结构 基本构成模式: ( 1) with + 宾语+ 介词短语 ( 2) with + 宾语+ 形容词 ( 3) with + 宾语+ 副词 ( 4) with + 宾语+ 分词结构 ( 5) with + 宾语+ 不定式结构 例如: The girl looked beautiful with a new skirt on.小女孩穿着新裙子很漂亮。 With so many cars running on the road, the environment got worse.路上有如此多的车环境日益变坏。 With all lights on, the room was very bright因为所有的灯都亮着屋子里很明亮。 练习: ( 1)老师走进了教室, 手里拿着一本书。 ( 2)他的爷爷走了, 留下他在那儿一个人画画。 ( 3)有许多家务活要做, 对不起我不能帮你学英语了。 ( 4)把答案抄完之后, 他交上了卷子。 ( 5)会议结束了, 校学生会做出了一个决定。 ( 6)开着窗户, 一只小鸟飞了进来。 K eys: ( 1) Th e teacher came in, w ith a book in h is hand. ( 2) Her grandfather lef,t w ith X iao Hu a draw ing alone. (3) With a lot of homework to do, Im sorry I can t help you with English. ( 4) With all the answers copied, he handed in his paper. ( 5) With the meeting over, the StudentsUnion made a decision. ( 6) W ith the window open, a bird flew in. 实用资料：英语作文书面表达常用句型及短语1、学校生活及学习成绩 Be getting on well with ones study take several courses at school have English (Chinese, Physics) every (other )daywork hard at put ones heart into be interested in be fond of like chemistry best be good at ; be poor at ; do well in ; be weak in make progress in ; fail in be tired of pass the examination; give sb. a passing grade; major in history 主修历史 He has the best record in school.他的成绩最棒。 get a doctors degree 获得博士学位 be more interesting to sb. learn about; succeed in; be active in class (work); take an active part in ; learn by heart; work out a (maths) problem; improve oneself in ; get 90 marks for (English); get an A in the exam; have a good command of lay a good foundation in (language study) 2. 师生关系 get on well with sb; like to be with students; be gentle with us; be kind to sb; be a strict teacher; be strict with ones pupils; be strict in work We think of him (her) as ; help sb with sth; praise sb for sth ; blame sb for sth. give advice on ; question sb on be satisfied with correct the studentshomework carefully and prepare for the next day; give sb a lot of work; try to teach sb good study habits; make ones lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.; teach sb to do sth. devote all ones time to work; admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education 佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。 3. 课余活动及周末生活 spend ones time in many different ways; enjoy doing things by oneself; go swimming; go for an outing; have an outing at (the seashore); see the sights of Beijing; play the piano (violin); play chess (basketball); have a swim; have dances on weekends; have a picnic over the weekend; go to the cinema; have a party; hold a sports meeting; do some reading; help sb do sth; enjoy a family trip; get everything ready for; ride ones bike with sb.to(the park); There are a lot of activities at (the. We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city. She would like to bringbeach) sth. to the picnic. It was a very relaxing Sunday. There are good programs on TV on weekends. 4. 彼此沟通信息 take a message for sb; send a message to sb; hear from sb; talk about/of sth; tell sb to do sth; get information about; express ones idea (feelings) in English; Write sb a letter saying; apologize to sb for ; thank you for ; make a speech t at the meeting; explain sth to s; look upon sb as ; think sb to be ; take sbs side 5. 事件中人的态度 would like to do; allow sb to do; keep sb from doing (prevent sb. from doing); call on sb to do; be afraid to do (be afraid of )； fee like doing; insist on doing; drive sb. off; speak highly of sb; speak ill of sb; think highly of sb; force sb to do; offer to do; refuse to do; agree to do; regret doing; prefer to do A rather than do B; had better do; would rather (not) do. 6. 事情过程 have the habit of doing; have no trouble doing; make up ones mind to do; prepare sb for ; give up doing; do sth as usual; do what he wants us to do; set about doing; try ones best to do=go all out to do; get into trouble; help sb out; do ones bit for New China; wait for sb to do; find a way to do; make friends with sb; show (tell) sb. how to do; take/send sb to Im trying to find; Im afraid we are out of ; pass the time doing; feel a little excited about doing; cant help doing; do some good deeds to people;be prepared for more hard work; Some are doing A, others are doing B, and still others are doing C. 7. 感观活动与思维活动 look around for ; look up (down) at ; catch sight of ; take a look at ; hear sb do (doing); take noticeof ; take view of ; have a good understanding of ; consider sb (sth) to be ; come to know; realize that ; know that +从句 8. 情感与欲望be pleased with ; be delighted in doing; take a pleasure in doing; be worried about; feel surprised at be sorry for ; be angry with sb for sth; be angry about (为某事生气)； look forward to doing; wish to do; expect to do; long for (long to do); be sick for ones home; have a strong desire to do ; 9. 健康状况及治疗 be in good shape; be in good (poor )health; feel weak (well, terrible, sick); have got a high (slight ) fever; have a slight (bad) cold; take ones temperature; have got a pain in ; be good (bad) for ones health(eyes); Its nothing serious. stay in bed until; save ones life 10. 其它 It (take)sb. some time to do; It is said that ; be fit for; be short of; be well dressed; miss the lecture (train); changeinto; waste time doing; spend time doing; be busy doing;have no choice but to do; I cant help it. be in need of;be mistaken about ; fall behind; catch up with; on behalf of; instead of; be welcome to do; Running, biking and swimming are popular in summer. Skiing and skating are my favorite winter sports. 英语写作中的常用句型汇总第一部分 常用于引言段的句型的2类表达方式 一、议论文常用句型 1. It is a fact that. 2. It is well-known that. 3. There is no doubt that. 4. I think that. 5. Contrary to the popular thought, I prefer. 6. Some people say/believe/claim that. 7. It is generally believed that. 8. It is widely accepted that. 9. It is argued/held that. 10. While it is commonly believed that, I believe. 11. It can be concluded that. 12. Peoples views vary from person to person. 二、图表作文常用句型 1. The table/diagram/bar chart/pie graph/tree diagram/curve graph /column chart shows/illustrates/reveals/describes/depicts/reflects that/how. 2. The graph provides some interesting data regarding. 3. The data/statistics/figures can be interpreted as follows: 4. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that. 5. As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table, . 6. It is clear/apparent from the table/chart/diagram/figures that. 7. The vertical/horizontal axis stands for. 8. There was rapid/noticeable/great/sharp/steep/remarkable/slow/little/slight/gradual rise/increase/decrease/fall/decline/drop/change in development in . 9. The percentage remained steady/stable at. 10. The figures stayed the same. 11. The figures bottomed out/peaked at. 12. The figures reached the bottom/a peak/a plateau during.第二部分 常用于正文段的句型的4类表达方式 一、A、B型作文段落常用句型和表达方式 1. A is completely / totally / entirely different from B. 2. A and B are different in some/every way / respect / aspect. 3. A and B differ in. 4. A differs from B in. 5. The difference between A and B is/lies in/exists in. 6. Compared with/In contrast to/Unlike A, B. 7. A, on the other hand,/in contrast,/while/whereas B. 8. While it is generally believed that A , I believe B. 9. Despite their similarities, A and B are also different. 10. Both A and B . However, A; on the other hand, B. 11. The most striking difference is that A, while B. 二、原因分析性段落常用的句型和表达方式 1 There are several reasons for, but in general, they come down to three major ones. 2 There are many factors that may account for, but the following are the most typical ones. 3 Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective. 4 Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows. 5 The reasons are as follows. 三、因果推理性段落常用句型和表达方式 1. Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, weve learned a lot. 4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, weve learned a lot. 5. The cause of/reason for/overweight is eating too much. 6. Overweight is caused by/due to/because of eating too much. 7. The effect/consequence/result of eating too much is overweight. 8. Eating too much causes/results in/leads to overweight. 四、举例型段落常用句型和表达方式 1. Here is one more example. 2. Take for example. 3. The same is true of. 4. This offers a typical instance of. 5. We may quote a common example of. 6. Just think of.第三部分 常用于结尾段的句型的3类表达方式 一、对全文进行归纳总结的句型 1 From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that. 2 Taking into account all the factors, we may safely come to the conclusion that. 3 Judging from all the evidence offered, we may safely arrive at/reach the conclusion that. 4 All the evidence supports a sound conclusion that 5 From what is mentioned above, we may come to the conclusion that 6 To sum up/draw a conclusion, we find that. 7 In short/brief/a word/conclusion/sum/, it is. 8. Therefore/Thus/Then, it can be inferred/concluded/deduced that. 9. From/Through/According to what has been discussed above, we can come to/reach/arrive at/draw the conclusion that. 10. It is believed that.二、表达个人观点的句型 1. As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. 2. As far as I am concerned, I am really/completely in favor of the test/policy. 3. In conclusion/a word, I believe that. 4. There is some truth in both arguments, but I think the disadvantages of outweigh its advantages. 5. In my opinion/view, we should. 6. As for me, I. 7. As I see it, . 8. From my point of view, . 9. Personally, I think. 10. My view is that. 11. I think/consider. 12. I take/hold a negative/positive view of.第四部分 英文写作中常用过渡词和句型过渡词在文章中发挥着连接上下文的作用，学会恰当地运用过渡词会使文章连贯、流畅。1.常用于文章开始的过渡词语和句子(1)To begin with首先例：To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas.首先，公共场所禁止吸烟。(2)Generally speaking一般地说，总体上说例：Generally speaking, it is the best policy to spend more money on libraries.总的说来，加大图书馆的投资是良策。(3)First of all第一，首先例：First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty.第一，居住在边远地区的许多人仍生活在贫困之中。(4)With (the development/progress/growth)of(economy/society).随着(经济、社会)的(发展、进步、增长).例：With the development of society, womens role has become more important than ever before in daily life.随着社会的发展，妇女在社会生活中比以往发挥着更加重要的作用。(5)Recently近来例：Recently，the problem (conflict, production) of grain shortage has become the world focus.近来粮食短缺问题已成为全球关注的焦点。2.常用于文章结尾的过渡词和句子(1)In conclusion最后，在结束时例：In conclusion, the international agreement should be made to prevent the world from war.最后，应达成国际协定使世界避免战争。(2)In brief简言之例：In brief, family planning is of vital importance in China.简言之，计划生育对中国具有重要意义。(3)In a word总之例：In a word, without mutual understanding, true friendship does not exist.总之，没有相互理解，真正的友谊是不存在的。(4)It is high time that.到.时候了例：It is high time that the issue were to be solved so as to promote the economic development.为了促进经济发展到该解决问题的时候了。(5)It is only when.that.只有当.才.例：It is only when people become the masters of the country that science can serve the people.只有当人民成为国家的主人，科学才能为人民服务。3.常用于表示先后次序的过渡词语及句子(1)first, second, third.第一，第二，第三例：First, she had studied chemistry during her sophomore and junior years. Second, she never missed a class. Third, she performed every required experiment in all her chemistry courses. Fourth, she always worked hard. Her classmates were sure that she would win top award in Chemistry during her senior year at the university.首先，她在一二年级时就选修了化学课程。其次，她从不误课。再有，她认真完成每一次化学试验。还有，她学习非常刻苦。因而同学们确信她在高年级时会获得学校化学大奖。(2)To begin with.,moreover.,finally.，首先.，此外.，最后.例：There are a few reasons for his decision of studying law. To begin with, he is very interested in social affairs and it seems the best way to enable him to engage in these activities. Moreover, his father is a lawyer. He has always encouraged him to do something similar. Finally, he is sure he can get a job after graduation.他决定学法律有几方面的原因：首先，他对社会事物感兴趣，学习法律有助于他参与这些活动。此外，他父亲是个律师，一直鼓励他从事同样的职业。最后，他确信毕业后能找到工作。(3)Meanwhile同时例：Meanwhile, the better skills and knowledge children possess, the more opportunities they will be ensured.同时，孩子们的技艺与知识掌握得越好，今后的机会就越多。(4)since then自此之后例：Since then, the Olympics turned out to be an instrument of peace and freedom for small nations.自此之后，奥林匹克运动成为小国争取和平和自由的工具。(5)Therefore因而例：Therefore, if this is included in good education that parents are seeking now, their children will be definitely ensured a bright future.因而，如果父母们在其为孩子们寻求的良好教育中加入这一点，他们的子女肯定会有一个光辉灿烂的未来。4.常用于表示因果关系及分析原因的过渡词语与句子(1)As a result由于.结果例：Her performance in college was excellent. As a result, she has got a satisfactory job.由于她在大学成绩优异，她找到一份令人满意的工作。(2)Due to由于例：My trip to Guang Zhou and Shen Zhen has to be cancelled due to the financial problem.由于财务问题，我去广州和深圳的旅行取消了。(3)consequently结果，因此例：The government was unwilling to risk a conflict with that neighboring country, and consequently, promised to sign the treaty.该国政府不愿冒险与邻国发生冲突，因此答应签署条约。(4)One may criticize.for.，but the real cause of.lies deeper人们可以因为.批评.，但是.的真正原因在更深层次例：One may criticize the school authorities for the fire accident, but the real reason of the accident lies deeper.人们可以就火灾事故批评校领导，但事故还有更深的原因。(5)Among.reasons, one should be emphasized that.在众多的原因中，其中一点给予强调.例：Among the most important reasons, one reason should be emphasized that large pieces of cultivated land have been occupied, which results in the grain shortage.在许多重要的原因中，其中一点应强调的是造成粮食减产是因为大量的可耕地被占用。5.常用于比较和对比的过渡词(1)unlike.与.不同例：Unlike oral English, written English is comparatively formal.与口头英语不同，笔头英语比较正规。(2)In contrast.与之相比例：In contrast with Tom, Mario seldom studies harder.与汤姆比，玛里奥很少努力学习。(3)On the other hand.另一方面例：The life expectancy in developing countries has increased during the past thirty years. On the other hand, the infant mortality has decreased from twenty percent to ten percent in the same period.发展中国家的期望寿命在过去的30年间都增长了。另一方面婴儿死亡率同期由20%下降到10%。(4)Likewise同样例：Plenty of food must be packed for the journey；likewise, warm clothes will also be needed.要带上旅行中吃的食品，同样也需要带上御寒保暖的衣服。(5)similarly同样例：If only one can make his audience understood, it seems insignificant if one makes some mistakes in his oral English; similarly, as to the audience, they are only interested in grasping the meaning, not actually mind or even hardly notic