Book-3-Module-3-模块语法.ppt

Module3TheViolenceofNature模块语法,课文基础知识回顾：Themostviolenttornadoeshavewindsofover400kmperhour.Theycantakecars，trainsandevenhouses_otherplaces，alsotakethefurorfeatures_ananimal.AlmostalltornadoesoccurintheUS.Onaverage，therere800eachyear,_(cause)about80deathsand1,500injuries.The_(bad)onewasin1925，causingover700deathsand2,700injuries.,to,off,causing,worst,Hurricaneshavewindsof120kmperhourormore，_causehugewaves，heavyrainandfloods.ThereresixAtlantichurricaneseachyearonaverage.Theworst_wasin1900inGalveston，Texas，whichcaused6,000deathsanddestroyed3,600buildings.,which,one,CharlesCoghlan,_nineteenthcenturyIrishactor，diedandwasburiedinTexasin1899.Thecemetery_(destroy)bythehurricaneandhiscoffinendedupinthesea.Eightyears_(late)，thecoffinwasfoundintheeastofCanada,3,000kmawayfrom_Coghlanwasburied.,a,wasdestroyed,later,where,模块重点语法：过去完成时的被动语态、直接引语和间接引语课文原句体会1Bythelate1890s,hehadmovedtoGalveston,wherehediedin1899,ayearbeforethehurricanestruck.2Shesays,“Tomwasverykind.”ShesaysthatTomwasverykind.,一、过去完成时的被动语态1构成：hadbeen过去分词2用法：(1)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的被动动作。常用于before,after,bythetime,when等引导的状语从句中谓语动词是一般过去时，以及by,before,until过去的时间点。,这项工程已于2016年底竣工了。Theproject_(complete)bytheendof2016.等他到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。Bythetimehe_(get)totheschool,thefirstperiod_(finish).飓风结束的时候，有多少座大楼被毁坏了？Howmanybuildings_(destroy)whenthehurricaneended?,hadbeencompleted,got,hadbeenfinished,hadbeendestroyed,(2)在told,said,knew,heard,thought,found等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。他听说票已售完。Heheardthatthetickets_(sellout).报纸报道说有一千多人在飓风中丧生。Thenewspaperreportedmorethan1，000people_(kill)inthehurricane.,hadalreadybeensoldout,hadbeenkilled,(3)在Itwasthefirst/second.timethat.句型中。此句型主句用_时，that引导的定语从句中的谓语动词用_时。Itwasthethirdtimethathe_(beat)blackandblue.那是他第三次被打得青一块紫一块的。,一般过去,过去完成,hadbeenbeaten,单句语法填空1.Hesaidthatthenovel_(translate)intoseverallanguages.2.Bytheendoflastyear,10，000trees_(plant)inthatvillage.3.Bythetimehewas12,mybrother_(send)toAmerica.4.Whenhereturnedtohishometown,hewassurprisedtofindthatgreatchanges_(takeplace)inhishometown.,hadbeentranslated,hadbeenplanted,hadbeensent,hadtakenplace,单句改错1Itwasreportedthatmorethan1,000peoplehadkilledinthetornado.killed前加been2Hesaidthatsomebridgeshavewashedaway.havehadbeen,二、直接引语和间接引语直接引述别人的原话，叫作直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫作间接引语。直接引语如改为间接引语，必须在语序、人称、时态和状语方面做相应变化。,1直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时由连词_引导。Marysaidtoherfriends,“Idontlikecomputers.”Marysaidtoherfriends_.,that,thatshedidntlikecomputers,2直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时变成_引导的宾语从句。Heasked,“Willyougototheparty？”Heasked_.,if/whether,whether/ifIwouldgototheparty,3直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由who,when,where,why,how等疑问词引导的宾语从句(注意：从句中需是陈述语序)。Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner？”Sheaskedme_.,whentheyhadtheirdinner,4.直接引语变间接引语时，时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要发生相应的变化Hesaid，“CanyouspeakFrench？”Heaskedme_.,if/whetherIcouldspeakFrench,注意：直接引语是客观真理、谚语或名人名言时，变成间接引语时时态不变。Hesaid，“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”Hesaid_.,thattheearthgoesaroundthesun,当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时，时态不变Hesaid，“Theplanetakesoffat6：30a.m.”Hesaid_.,thattheplanetakesoffat6：30a.m,将下列句子转换为间接引语1.Hesaid，“Didyouseemelastnight？”Heasked(me)whether/ifIhadseenhimthenightbefore.2.“Wheredoyouusuallyhavelunch？”heaskedme.HeaskedmewhereIusuallyhadlunch.3.Hesaid，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”Hesaidwherethereisawill，t