(自主选题创新训练).ppt

EngineeringIntegration,(InnovativeDesignTraining)Spring2006byLiu,SijiaEngineeringTrainingCenterHarbinEngineeringUniversity,Welcometothiscourse!,EngineeringIntegrationTraining,CourseStructure,FreeTopic（自主选题创新训练）ReverseEngineeringofTypicalMechatronicalProducts（典型机电产品的反求工程创新训练）IntellectualizedControlSystem（智能控制系统工程创新训练）,EngineeringInnovationTrainingon,Studentswithinnovativeideasandgoodpracticalability,studentswhointerestinmechatronicalproducts,studentswithinterestsincontrolsystems,Inthiscourse,youwillbeanengineer!,Yourtaskistodo,EngineeringInnovation,AnPieceofEngineeringInnovationWorks!,Itcouldbeatoughjob!,YouareaskedtoGenerateanideaTurntheideaintoadesignConstructyourdesignWriteatechnicalreport,However,believeme!,YouveexperiencedtheprocessesofarealEngineeringPROJECT,AndbornthefundamentalqualityofaCREATIVEEngineer!,Afterthepainfulhardwork,Somefacts.,In,Chinaconsumesfossilfuels,3ironore，rolledsteelandconcreteoftheglobaloutput.ButGDPpercentageoftotalamountintheworldislessthan4%.AccordingtoreportfromChineseAcademyofScienceFortheaddedvalueofproducts,thelinkofmanufactureholds30%,andtherest70%istakenbybrand,marketingandinnovation.Chinaisthe3rdlargesttradecountry,butmainlydependingonthelowaddedvalueproducts.Chinasmanufacturingfieldsellsthecheaplabor,resources,whiletheadvancedcountriesofEuropeandU.S.sellthestandards,patentsandbrands.Sta.Ofinternationalmarketingorganization,Somefacts.,-AnAcademicianofChineseAcademyofEngineering,Theinternationalizedproductionisthecurveof“smile”,onthetwopeaksarethebrandandtechnology,andthemanufactureandfabricationareonthebottom.Usuallythevalueofbrandisdeterminedbythecoretechnology,withoutcoretechnologythatmeanswewillonlyremainatthebottomofthebiginternationalworkdistributionandtheglobalvaluechain.,BRAND,TECHNOLOGY,MANUFACTUREFABRICATION,Somefacts.,TaiwanreceivedfourE-2TforTaiwanHawkeyesin1995aspartofa$749.5milliondealwithUSfirm.InconjunctionwithF-16andMirage2000fighters,theE-2TswillenhanceTaiwansairdefensecapability,increasingattackwarningtimesfromfiveminutesto25minutes.,E-2THawkeyes,E-2TforTaiwanHawkeyes-AirborneEarlyWarningAircraft,Somefacts.,In2001,underpressurefromtheUnitedStates,IsraelscrappedadealtoselltheairborneearlywarningradarsystemtoChina.TheIsraeligovernmenthasassuredadministrationofficialsthatthesaledoesnotinvolveAmericantechnology.ButaPentagonofficialsaidGiventheverycloserelationshipthatwehave,thereisalwaysthedangerthatsomeofthistechnologycouldpassfromIsraeltoChina.U.S.officialsatthesametimeexpressedconcernthatthetechnologycouldimproveChinasabilitytolaunchanoffensivestrikeagainstTaiwan.In2003,ChinamanufactureditsownAEWaircraftKongjing2000.,KongJing2000空警2000,Chinasself-developedAirborneEarlyWarningAircraft,Sowelearn.,Marketcannotexchangethecoretechnology.Independentinnovationisthedemandofscientificandtechnologyupgrade,nationaldefense,andthetransferofeconomygrowth.,Beforeyoutry.,Beforeyoutry.Beforeyoutrytosolveaproblem,defineit.Beforeyoutrytocontrolaprocess,understandit.Beforetryingtocontroleverything,findoutwhatisimportant.Startbypicturingtheprocess.-JohnT.Burr,QualityProgram(June1990),p.64,IdeasToFinalworks,EngineeringDesignProcess,WhatisDesign?,Definition:,EngineeringDesignistheprocessofdevising（设计）asystem,componentorprocesstomeetdesiredneeds.Itisadecisionmakingprocess,(ofteniterative反复的)inwhichthebasicsciencesareappliedtoconvertresourcesoptimallytomeetastatedobjective.Amongthefundamentalelementsofadesignprocessaretheestablishmentofobjectivesandcriteria,synthesis,analysis,constructiontestingandevaluation.,EngineeringDesignistheprocessofdevising（设计）asystem,componentorprocesstomeetdesiredneeds.Itisadecisionmakingprocess,(ofteniterative反复的)inwhichthebasicsciencesareappliedtoconvertresourcesoptimallytomeetastatedobjective.Amongthefundamentalelementsofadesignprocessaretheestablishmentofobjectivesandcriteria,synthesis,analysis,construction,testingandevaluation.,-AccordingtoABET(美国工程与技术认证委员会),DESIGN,OptimallyConvertBasicSciencesMathematicsResourcesStatedObjectiveEngineeringSciences,既定的目标,Engineersjob,Engineer,Differencesbetweenscienceanddesign,Problemswellposed（提出）CompleteUnambiguous（明确）Freefrominternalcontradiction(矛盾)Solutionsuniqueandcompact（简洁）AnswersinbackIdentifiableclosure（终止）RequireapplicationofspecificknowledgeProblemsindexedtochapter,section,EngineeringScience,EngineeringDesign,PoorlyposedNevercompleteUsuallyambiguousAlwayscontaininternalcontradictionSolutionsneveruniqueandrarelyhaveidentifiableclosureUsuallyrequiredintegrationofdiverseknowledgeJoyrideonmoon,EngineeringDesignProcess,TheEngineeringDesignProcessisaseriesofstepsthatengineersusetoguidethemastheysolveproblems.,STEP1:IdentifytheNeedorProblem,NeedsHierarchy(目标树),STEP2.Researchtheneedorproblem,REALWORLDCONSTRAINTS,EconomicfactorsSafetyReliabilityAesthetics(美学)EthicsSocialimpacts,STEP3.Developpossiblesolutions,HelpfulTechniques,Brainstorming(头脑风暴)MorphologicalAnalysis(形态分析)Attributelisting(属性列表),Brainstorming,Arrangeameetingforagroupoftherightsizeandmakeup(typically4-8people)MakesurethateveryoneunderstandstheproblemReviewthegroundrulesAvoidcriticizingideas/suspendjudgment.AllideasareasvalidaseachotherFree-wheeling.Dontcensoranyideas,keepthemeetingflowgoing.Avoidanydiscussionofideasorquestions,asthesestoptheflowofideas.HavesomeonefacilitatingtoenforcetherulesandwritedownalltheideasastheyoccurClarifyandconcludethesession.,MorphologicalAnalysis,Thistheorycouldbeextendedtoanyproblemthathasthefollowingtypeofstructure.Imagineyouhaveaproductthatcouldbemadeof3typesofmaterial,in6possibleshapes,andwith4kindsofmechanism（结构、装置）.Theoreticallythereare72(3x6x4)potentialcombinationsofmaterial,shapeandmechanism.Someofwhichmayalreadyexists,otherswillbeunusable,andthoseleftoverareprospectivenewproducts.,Attributelisting,Attributelistingisatechniquefromtheearly1930sSteps:Takinganexistingproductorsystem,Breakingitintoparts,Identifyingvariouswaysofachievingeachpart,andthenRecombiningthesetoidentifynewformsoftheproductorsystem.,Properlystructuringthesearchhasthefollowingbenefits,Eliminatepathsthatdonotsatisfythedesigngoals,Designtaskssotheyprovidethemostinformation,Useattributesofthefinalsolutiontoguidechoicesalongsolutionpath,STEP4.Selectthebestpossiblesolution(s),ExampleSTEP4.,DepictsdesigninawaythatisrecognizableUsesoftwarefornormalizeddesignAutoCADCAXAProtelSafety,STEP5.Constructaprototype,Doesitwork?Doesitmeettheoriginaldesignconstraints?,STEP6.Testandevaluatethesolution(s),STEP6.Testandevaluatethesolution(s),Power.Theamounttheproductproducesorconsumes.Speed.Howfastdoesitoperate?Howlongwillittaketomanufacture?Cost.Thepricetotheconsumertopurchase,thecosttothecompanytomanufacture,andthecostitsimplementationwillhaveonsocietyingeneral.Reliability.Howwelldoesitoperate?Howlongwillitlast?Isitaqualityproduct?Safety.Arethereanyhealthrisks?Functionality.Doesitperformthedesiredtaskseffectively?,STEP6.Testandevaluatethesolution(s),Easeofuse.Canthecustomeroperateiteasilyandintuitively?Aesthetics.Isitpleasingtosee,feel,touch,orh