英美文学名词解释

Epic:alonganarrativevepoemtellingboutthedeedsofagreatheroandreflectinghevaluesofthesocietyfromwhichitoriginated.thestyleofepicisgrajohnmiltonwrotethregereapics : paradise lost，paradiseregainedandisonagonistes .Sonnet (十四行诗)asonnetisalyricconstingof 14 lines，usivallyiniambicpenameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymeschemeRenaissancethe activity、spirit、or time of the great revival复活of art、literature andlearningineuropebeginninginthe 14 thcenturyandextendingftothe 17 th CCD markingthemediarearestothemodernworld.theessenceoftherenaissanceishumanismrenaissanceperiod (历史周期)aperiodofdramandpoetry.theelizabetandramaistherealmainstreamoftheenglishrenaissance .Humanism人文主义humismitshessenceoftherenaissance2 itemhasizesthedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimpontheprivecefoftheprentershithesvisiothecedtheirbeliefsthatmanwasthecentersentofth hhavethere righttohenjoythebeautyofthepresentlife，buthadtheabilitytoperfecthiselfandtoperformwonder .lake poets湖畔诗人refertothethreeromannticpoetswordworth、coleridgeandSan，他们是现场的thelakedistributintheenglandandwrotepoemsaboutnatureEnglish Romanticism (浪漫主义) :1) a movement in literature、philosophy、musicandartfromlate 18 thcenturytoearly 19 thcenturyineurope2) emphasized individual values (个人价值)和aspirations (志向、野心) aboveofsociety。4 ) thecharacteristicsofromannticism (浪漫文学的特色) :Passion/emotion，individualism5) representativewriters (代表作家) :Blake，shelley，shelley严格现实主义(批判现实主义)1 )严重的现实在19thcenturyflourished2 ) therealistfirstforemost的第一个setthemsevestthetaskofcriticizingcapitalistsocietyfromademocraticviewpointanddelineated是the adictions矛盾是bournegeois资产阶级的reality .但charlsdickensisthemostimportantcriticalreality哥特小说：goticnovelestappyofferanceverypopularlateinthe 18 thcenturysandatthebeginningofthe 19 th century.emphasizesthingswhicharrotesque，vicnovelestappyofferanceverypopularlateinthe mysterious supernatural，desolateandhorriying.withitsdescriptionofthedark，irrational荒凉的sideofhumannatureAmerican Romanticism:1.fromtheendofthe 18 thcenturyttotheoutbreakofthecivilwar.itedetationthepationingofwashingtonirvingsthesketchbookandendwithwhite2. It was a rebellion是aginstheobjectivityofrationalism.fore feelings，intuits的直觉和emositionremorintermonalingthereagenerationandcommon3. emphasis on imagination，individualism.backtomedievalerandnatural迷惘世代(迷茫世代):isaterteusedtocharacterizeagenerfeingofdissillitionmentoameramentameramentoamerr most notably着名的parisafterfirstworldww withthelotsgenerationingcondliterritymentschashemingrayway，F.Scott，PoundAmerica Realismalliterrymomentrealism是asareactionagainst“thelie”ofromannticism和sentmentalimsm.itexpressedtheconnentronfortheworldm，来自19个中心Puritanism222222222222222222222222222222222220000neo-classifym:arevivalalofclassicalstandardofforder，harmony，balance，simplicity简单andestrineedemotion忍耐情绪inliteratureinthe18thcentury。Symbolism象征主义：symbolismisthewritingtechniqueofusingsymbols.itsaltireritymovmentthatarosesinfincenthelasthalfofthe 19 thcenturythantgreamfluent particularlypoets，of the 20th century.eitbanesposettocompressaverycomplexidintoonemimageorevenoneword.itsoneofthemostpowerfuldever 象征主义在19世纪后半期在法国兴起，对英国作家尤其是20世纪的诗歌产生了巨大的影响。 诗人把非常复杂的思想凝结在形象和语言中。 是诗人用于创作的最有力的手段。Enlightenment启蒙运动-anintellectalmoviementineuroopeinthe 18th century；-guidingprincippleforthinkingdandaction；-thebeliefineternaltruth，eternaljustice，naturalequality-acontinuation继续ofRenaissanceTranscendentalism :22222222222222222222222222222226522.therearethreemajorfeatures :1) emphasis on spirit、or the Oversoul、asthemostimportant2 ) stressedtheimportanceoftheindividual3 ) thetranscendntalists offer edafreshperceptionofnatureassymbolicofthespiritorgod .自然是超灵或神的象征famesousauthorssuchcasemerson，Thoreau(Walden )Naturalismapost-darwinmovementofthelate 19 thcenturythattriedtoapplythelawsofscientificdeterminism决定论to fiction.two features : localcolorand介绍作家williamshakespearewasanenglishpoetofenglishrenaissance (the activity，spirit，or time of the great revival复活of art， literature ) andlearningineuropebeginninginthe 14 thcenturyandextendingtothe 17 th century marking the transition转变fromthemedievalttothement widlyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheenglishlanguageandtheworldpre-EMI components的优秀dramatist.He produced 38 plays是154 sonnetsandtts ms.hisfrommouscomedies : multipleadoabout