英语综合课后答案解析

英语综合课后答案单位11.whatdoes the icy defender refer to？It refers to the raw，bitter，bleak Russian winter。2.what did Napoleon expect when he assembled his aramy to attack Russia？he expected the conquest of Russia in five weeks。3.what did the Russians do in the face of Napoleon s offensive？What strategy did the Russian adopt？Instead of fighting，they retreated eastward，burning their crops and homes as they went。they let the Russian winter fight the war for them while they bided their time4.what did Napoleon discover after he occupied Moscow？Napoleon discovered that the occupation of the city was an empty victory because the Russians fled their capital leaving him almost nothing at all .5.what happed to Napoleon s army when it was retreating from Moscow？they suffered heavy losses as a result of the extreme cold and the Russians hit-and-run attacks。6.what did Napoleon do when Paris was captured？Napoleon abdicated and went into exile。7.when did Hitler begin his invasion of the Soviet union？What tactics did he use？how long did he expect the campaign to last？Hitler began his invasion of the Soviet union on June 22，1941 without a declaration of war。he expected the campaign to last no longer than three months by using the so-called lightning war tactics .8.was Stalin prepared for hitlers attack？what did he do in the face of the german invasion？否，he want。he instructed the Russian people to scorch the earth in front of the german invaders .9.how did the people of Leningrad respond to the german attack？the people of Leningrad refused to surrender and put up a heroic，stiff resistance。10.what slowed down the german advance on Moscow？what made the german offensive come to a halt？An early、severe、coldwinter、to a large extent、slowed down the german advance on Moscow。11.whatwas the signiance of the battle of Stalingrad？the loss of the battle for Stalingrad turned the tide against Hitler .the german victories were over。12.what conclusion does the author draw from Napoleon s and hitlers military campaigns？the author concludes that the elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign .单位21.how important was the automobile industry in the twentieth century？the automobile industry ranked as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century。2.what will happen to cars and roads in the twenty-first century？cars and roads will be revolutionize d in the twenty-first century3.why does the author say the key to tomorrows smart cars will be sensors？because it is sensors that will enable vehicles and roads to be able to see，hear，feel，smell，talk，and act。4.how would sensors help reduce traffic fattalities？sensors can sense if a driver is drunk and refuse to start up the engine。5.what is the function of the radars hidden in the bumppers？the radars hidden in the bump can scan for near by cars。if you make a serious driving mistake the computer will sound an immediate warning。6.how will a smart caralert a driver who feels drowsy？if the drivers eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic，a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver7.what makes it possible for smart cars to determine their approximate location？GPS makes it possible for smart cars to determine their location on the earth to within about a hundred feet。8.what are the prospects for applications of GPS？with the price of microchips dropping so drastically，future applications of GPS are virtually limitless。9.what is“telematics”expected to achieve in increasing the efficiency and safety of highway transportation？it is expected to put smart cars on smart high ways。10.what are traffic engineers doing on interstate 15 close to San Diego？they are installing an MIT-designed system which will introducte the automated driver 。11.whathopes do promotes of the smart highway have for its future？They have great hopes for its future。by 2010，telematics may well be incorporated int one of the major high ways in the United States。by 2020 telematics could be adopted in thousands of miles of high ways in the United States。12.what are the advantages of smart high ways？smart high ways could be an environmental boon、saving fuel、reducing traffic jams、decreasing air pollution、and serving as an单位31.what is the writer according to what he says at the beginning of the text？He runs a manufacturing company。2.whatkind of answers did he get from the college graduate who wanted a job？Almost all of them were no3.what conclusion did the writer draw from the young applicats answers？this applicat was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and there fore ill qualified .4.what is the first suggestion the writer gives to job applicats？Prepare to win。5.what changes have taken place with employees since the writers college days？they now have to switch jobs frequently。6.what example does the writer use in support of his second suggestion？a 90-year-oldtennis player who wanted to work on his weakness-backhan court。7.what is the writers third suggestion mainly concerned with？Believing in yourself，even when no one else does。8.why does the writer talk about the cabs in new York when he gives his fourth suggestion？because he will mention a cab driver who is different。9.whatwas it about the cab driver that particulally impressed the writer？他的efforts to makea difference。10.