2011高考英语知识点复习课件[外研版]-必修3 Module3

Module3TheViolenceofNature,漫画欣赏,画面描述,Aboyissittingonachair，withlightaroundhim，thinkingofsomethinghappy.Theotherboyissittingonthesamechair，thinkingsomethingsad.Thereisdarknessaroundhim.,寓意理解,Thereareallkindsoftroublesinourlife.Ifwefacetheminanoptimisticway，thingswillbebetterandeasierandwellbemorehopeful.However，ifwealwaysseethebadsideofthem，wemayloseourselvesandevenbedestroyed.,重点单词,你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？,1experiencenC(一次)经历,体验;U经验;阅历vt.经受,体验,感受Thattripwasanunforgettableexperience.那次旅行是一次难忘的经历。美国传统Ilearnedmorefromexperiencethanfromreadingbooks.我从实践中学到的比从书本上学到的更多。美国传统,【相关链接】experimentn实验，试验vi.进行实验(或试验)experimentern实验者；试验者experiencedadj.有经验的experiencein/of在方面的经验havemuchteaching/workingexperience教学/工作经验丰富from/byexperience凭经验；从经验中(得出)inonesexperience据某人经验看beexperiencedin在方面有经验,即景活用,Wecantaffordsucha(an)_camera.AexpensiveBvaluableCexperienceDhigh解析：句意：我们买不起这么贵重的照相机。expensive指超过物质本身价值或购买者的负担能力；valuable指因某物本身具有极高的价值或用途而显得贵重,而本句中并未指出其极高的价值或用途等；experience经验，经历；high高的，常和价格一起连用。答案：A2occurvi.发生，出现；(想法、念头等)想起，浮现Theysaythatthetrafficaccidentoccurredatmidnight.据说那起车祸是在深夜发生的。Thatideaneveroccurredtome.我从未那样想过。美国传统,【思维整合】sth.occurstosb.某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到Itoccurstosb.that./todo的念头浮现于(某人)脑海Ifanythingshouldoccur，.如果发生什么事情的话，occurrence发生，出现；事情，事件【轻巧辨析】occur/happen/takeplace/breakoutoccur属正式用语，它可以指偶然地“发生”，也可以指在指定的时间“发生，出现”，还可以表示抽象事物，如思想等的“产生”。在以具体事物、事件作主语时，可与happen互换。happen常用词语，指“事物或情况偶然或未能预见地发生”；其后接不定式或用在Ithappenedthat.句型中，意为“恰好，碰巧，偶然”。,Thataccidenthappenedyesterday.事故发生在昨天。takeplace指“发生了事先计划或预想到的事情”。Themeetingtookplaceat800asplanned.按计划会议在8点举行了。breakout指(战争、火灾、疾病等)突然发生。Afirebrokeoutduringthenight.夜里失火了。【特别提示】上述表示“发生”意义的词或短语不使用人作主语，而且均无被动形式。,即景活用,Itsuddenly_tomethatIhadforgottentobringmyumbrellawithme.AappearedBhappenedCoccurredDtakenplace解析：句意：我突然想起来忘记带伞了。sth.occurstosb.某人忽然想起；其他三个词都没有这种用法。occur是正式用语，有计划地使某事发生，并有“存在、出现”的意思；happen为常用语，事先无计划、偶然地发生；事先计划、安排的事情的发生。答案：C,3ruinn衰败;毁灭;瓦解;废墟(常用复数形式)vt.毁坏;毁灭;使破坏Wesawtheruinsofthechurch.我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。Therecessionruinedthenewbusiness.经济萧条毁了这家新公司。美国传统【思维链接】inruins成为废墟的；荒芜的come/falltoruin毁灭，灭亡，崩溃，破坏掉fallintoruin已成废墟bringruinupononeself自取灭亡bring.toruin使毁灭/没落,【轻巧辨析】ruin/damage/destroyruin，damage与destroy都含有“破坏；毁坏”的意思。(1)ruin现在多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。(2)damage指“价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复”。(3)destroy指“彻底毁坏以致不能或很难修复”。,即景活用,Allhishopeswere_.AdamagedBruinedCspoiledDdestroyed解析：destroy意为“打破，破灭”,常用来比喻希望、计划等的破灭，常用于被动结构;damage多指对外观、价值、使用性和完好性的破坏，不能说他的所有希望都损害了；ruin多指东西损害到不能再修理的程度；spoil指因“损坏，糟蹋”而彻底毁坏某物的用途。答案：D,4possibilityU可能，可能性pl.可能(发生)的事情；pl.希望Thereisnopossibility(foryou)towritetoyourmothereverysingleday.(你)不可能每天都给你母亲写信。Hispromotionnowseemsapossibility.目前看来他有可能升职。美国传统Isthereapossibilitythatyouwillworkabroad？你有可能去国外工作吗？【思维整合】bewithin/outoftherangeofpossibility是可能/不可能的beanypossibility万一，也许bysomepossibility或许，也许Thereisa/nopossibility(=probability)that/of.(没)有可能,即景活用,_isnopossibility_Jackwillwinthefirstplaceinthecompetition.AThere；thatBIt；thatCThere；whetherDIt；whether解析：句意：“在竞赛中Jack要得第一没大可能。”考查therebe句型，that是同位语从句，说明possibility，故答案是A。答案：A,经典短语,1pickup捡起；好转，恢复生机；(用车)接人；(无意中)学会；收听Shebentdownandpickedupthepen.她弯下腰，捡起那支笔。Themarketalwayspicksupinspring.一到春天市场就活跃了。Illpickyouupoutsidethetrainstation.我会开车到火车站外接你。美国传统ThechildpickedupSpanishquickly.这孩子西班牙语学得很快。美国传统,【思维拓展】pick构成的其他短语：pickupspeed加速pickonsb.选中某人(尤指多次)惩罚、批评或责怪pickout精心挑选；辨别出Shepickedoutapinkdressforherdaughter.她给女儿选了件粉红色的衣服。pickoff摘下，摘掉【特别提示】当代词作pickup宾语时，须把代词置于动词与副词之间。,即景活用,Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?No，therewassomethingwrongwithmyTVanditcouldnt_anyprograms.AsendupBgetupCpickupDtakeup解析：句意为“没有,我的电视坏了，收不到节目”。sendup“发射”；getup“起床”；pickup“接收(节目等)”；takeup“拿起，从事”。答案：C,2.accordingto根据，依照Accordingtotheweatherreport，itwillraintomorrow.根据天气预报，明天会下雨。美国传统Wewillbepaidaccordingtotheamountofworkwedo.我们的工资依据工作量而定。,【思维整合】(1)accordingto是介词短语，其后必须接名词、代词或相当于名词的词组，不接从句。(2)另外，其后一般不接view，opinion之类的词，也不接第一人称代词。accordingtome不正确，而应说inmyopinion。(3)accordingto“根据，按照”指非常确定的事，(如：theclock，theterms，thevoice，thetimetable，thesmell，hisappearance等)accordingto可与by互换。用于此意的by不能用在指人的名词或代词(如：不能说byhim)。(4)accordinglyadv.因此，所以,即景活用,_，ourdreamsrepresentourhiddendesires.AAccordingtoFreudsopinionBAccordinglytoFreudCAccordingtoFreudDAccordingby解析：accordingtosb.表示“根据的说法，在看来”。答案：C,重要句型,1Montserratisabeautifulsmallislandinthecaribbean，only16kilometreslongand10kilometreswide.Montserrat是加勒比海中的一个美丽的小岛，只有16千米长，10千米宽。【知识整合】表示“长、宽、深、高、厚、年龄”等的句型(1)主语+be+数词+单位词复数+形容词(如long/wide/high/tall/thick/deep/old等),(2)主语+be+数词+单位词复数+in+名词(length/width/height/depth/age等)(3)Thisisa+数词+单位词单数+形容词+名词Thisisa200metrelongbridge.这是一个长200米的桥。Thebridgeis200metreslong.=Thebridgeis200metresinlength.这桥长200米。Inthosedaysmostpeopleleftschoolwhentheywereonlyfifteenyearsold.那时候，大多数人上学只上到十五岁。Thehouseisonemetrewiderthanthatone.这房子比那房子宽一米。,即景活用,_yourheight?Aboutfivefeet.AWhatisBHowisCWhatlongisDHowlongis解析:句意:“你的身高是多少?”“大概五英尺”。考查名词height的应用。答案：A,2Haveyoubeentoldwhattodoiftherewasanearthquake？有人告诉你地震了该怎么办吗？在此句中“疑问词+不定式”即whattodo作的是told的宾语。疑问词+不定式的用法：有些及物动词如ask，consider，decide，wonder，know，tell等后可用“疑问词(+名词)+不定式”作宾语。疑问词有what，how，where，when，which，whether，if等。如：Wehaventdecidedwhentostart.我们还没决定何时出发。“疑问词+不定式”还可作主语，表语等，其作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Howtodoitisnotdecided.,即景活用,TherearesomanyclothesinthestorethatIdontknow_.AwhattobuyBwhichonetobuyCwhichoneshouldbuyDtobuywhich解析：句意：“商店有这么多衣服以至于我不知道该买哪件。”考查特殊不定式作宾语。D的which位置不对，C.没主语，A.表示不出选择性，故答案是B。答案：B,高考经典解读,【例1】Isthereanypossibility_youcouldpickmeupattheairport?Noproblem.(2009浙江，12)AwhenBthatCwhetherDwhat,【解题方法指导】本题考查possibility的用法。Isthereanypossibilitythat.有的可能吗？that在句中引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的具体内容。that在从句中无实际含义，且不作任何成分，但不可省略。答案：B,教材原文对照,WhentheLavareachedthesea,therewasthepossibilityofahugetidalwavewhichcouldfloodhalftheisland.(P25),【例2】WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone，shesoundedweak，butbythetimewe_up，hervoicehadbeenfulloflife.(2009北京，30)AwerehangingBhadhungChungDwouldhang,【解题方法指导】本题考查动词的时态，要注意前后句之间的联系。hangup的动作应发生在hadbeenfulloflife之后，故应用一般过去时表示。答案：C,教材原文对照,Bythelate1890s,hehadmovedtoGalveston,wherehediedin1899,ayearbeforethehurricanestruck.(P23),细节理解题(二)题型攻略排序题排序题属于深层细节理解题，通常出现在记叙文、说明文和议论文等体裁中。该题型主要考查考生对文中时间线索、空间线索或逻辑线索等的理解，因此考生在阅读时要格外注意情节发展的时间顺序、空间移动和逻辑推理过程，以达到理清思路，正确解题的目的。,做排序题时，可采用“首尾定位法”，即先找出最先发生的和最后发生的，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。,【典例1】,AftertheSummerOlympicsareover，whenalltheathletesandviewershavegonehomeandthetelevisionaudiencehasswitchedoff，anothergroupofathletesandfanswillarriveatthehostcity，andanothercompetitionwillbegin.ThesearetheParalympics，thegamesforathleteswithadisability.ButinBeijingin2008，forthefirsttime，oneofthegreatestparalympianswillnotbetakingpart.,SheisaBritishathletebythenameofTanniGreyThompson.Bornwithspinahifida(脊椎裂)whichleftherparalysedfromthewaistdown，Tanniusedawheelchairfromtheageof7.Atfirst，shewasnotkeenonsport，apart,fromhorseriding，whichgaveherasenseoffreedom.Butinherteens，shestartedtakingsportsmoreseriously.Shetriedswimming，basketballandtennis.Eventuallyshefoundathletics，andneverlookedback.Indeed，Tannisathleticcareertookoff.In1984，whenshewas15，shepulledoffasurprisevictoryinthe100metresattheJuniorNationalWheelchairGames.In1988，TanniwenttoherfirstParalympicGamesinSeoul.Shewonbronzeinthe400metres.Evengreatersuccessfollowedatthe1992BarcelonaParalympics.Tanniwongoldinthe100,200,400and800metresrelay，settingtwoworldrecordsintheprocess.InthesameyearsheachievedthefirstofhersixLondonWheelchairMarathonvictories.,Tannisenduringsuccesshasbeenpartmotivation(动机)，partpreparation.“ThetrainingIdothatenablesmetobeagoodsprinter(短跑运动员)enablesmetobegoodatamarathontoo.Itrain50weeksoftheyearandthatkeepsmepreparedforwhateverdistanceIwanttorace.Iamstillcompetingataveryhighlevel，butasIgetolderthingsgetharderandIwanttoretirebeforeIfallapart.”IndeedTanniretiredfinallyaftertheVisaParalympicWorldCupin2007.HerwishistocoachyoungathletesforBeijing2008OlympicGames.Inspiteofupsanddowns，shenevertakesherfatelyingdown.Inhersplendidlife，shehaswonanamazingelevengoldmedals，foursilversandonebronzeinaseriesofParalympicsatoplevelathleticcareercoveringtwodecades.ShehaswontheLondonWheelchairMarathonsixtimes，morethananyothercompetitor，andshehassetoverthirtyworldrecords.(2008福建，A),【注】起初，除了能给她自由感觉的骑马，她并不热衷于其他运动项目。该句为复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句。bekeenon，热衷于，喜欢；apartfrom，此处为“除了，只是”，相当于except。59.WhatstherightorderoftheeventsrelatedtoTanni？a.Sheworksasacoach.b.Shetookupathletics.c.ShewonfourgoldmedalsinBarcelona.d.ShecompetedinherfirstParalympicGames.e.SheachievedavictoryinherfirstLondonWheelchairMarathon.A.b，d，c，e，aBa，d，b，c，eC.a，d，c，e，bDb，d，a，e，c答案：A,点拨：本题是一道典型的排序题。考生可以结合文章的描述，采用首尾定位法解答此题。由文中第二段和第六段可知，b指她体育运动生涯的开始，而a指她做了教练，标志着她体育运动生涯的结束。因此，该题的排序线索是她多年的体育运动生涯，故A项正确。【典例2】Inthe19thcenturyEnglandpeoplelikedtogototheseaside.Inthosedays，ladiesworelongbathingdresses，andmenworebathingsuits.Womendidnot