2014高考英语总复习 语法专题复习：第九讲 虚拟语气

第九讲虚拟语气,语法专题复习,考点透析1虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。,例如：Ifshewerehere，everythingwouldbeallright.(Butsheisntherenow.)Ifyouhadcomefiveminutesearlier，youwouldhavemetthefamouspopsinger.Ifitweretoraintomorrow，theoutingwouldbecancelled.Ifyoushouldvisitourschooltomorrow，youwouldseehowbeautifulitis.,2wish宾语从句(宾语从句中的动词变化如下表)。,3.在非真实条件状语从句中，如果含有were，had，should，可将if省去，将were，had，should放在主语前，构成倒装。例如：(1)WhatwouldhavehappenedhadBobwalkedfarther，asfarastheriverbank?(2)ShouldIfailthistime，Iwouldwaitforanotherchance.,4在非真实条件状语从句中，有时条件从句与主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，这时动词的形式要根据动词所表示的时间来调整。这种非真实条件句叫混合虚拟条件句。例如：(1)Ifyouhadworkedharder，youwouldntbeafraidoftheexaminationnow.(2)Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice，hewouldbequiteallrightnow.,5有时假设的情况并不是以条件从句表示，而是通过一些介词短语或上下文等方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。or，otherwise，with，without，butfor(要不是)，under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中。例如：(1)Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball，otherwisehewouldhavescoredagoal.(2)Withoutelectricityhumanlifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.,(3)Undermorefavorableconditions，thericewouldgrowmuchbetter.(4)Butforyourhelp，Iwouldstillbeworkinginthelabnow.6情态动词的完成式大多能表示过去的虚拟事实(请参阅“情态动词”)。7在下列句型中动词要用虚拟语气：ifitwerenotfor要不是因为，ifithadnotbeenfor要不是因为，ifonly要是就好了！(表强烈愿望),(1)Ifonlyhewerehere！要是他在这就好了！(2)Ifithadnotbeenforthesnow，wecouldhaveclimbedthemountainyesterday.要不是下雪，我们昨天就会去登山。(3)Ifonlyhehadlainquietlyasthedoctorinstructed，hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.要是他能像医生嘱咐的那样安静地躺着的话，现在他就不会受这么多罪了。,8wouldrather后的从句中，动词要用虚拟语气。如表示与现在的情形相反，动词用过去式；如表示与过去的情形相反，动词用had过去分词。例如：Tomiscomingsoon，butIwouldratherhecametomorrow.Janeiscryingsadly.Iwouldratheryouhadnttoldherthebadnews.,强化训练,单句填空按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。1(2012湖南卷)Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.2(2012福建卷)Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe_moreplacesofinterestyesterday.(visit),had,wouldhavevisited,3(2012陕西卷)Ifmycar_morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.(be)4(2012浙江卷)Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_secondthoughts.(have)5(2012辽宁卷)Jackisagreattalker.Itshightimethathe_somethinginsteadofjusttalking.(do)6(2012江苏卷)Happybirthday!Thankyou!ItsthebestpresentI_for.(wish),hadbeen,mighthavehad,did,couldhavewished,7(2012北京卷)We_thedifficultytogether,butwhydidntyoutellme?(face)8(2012北京卷)Donthandlethevaseasifit_madeofsteel.9(2012天津卷)WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold_usaridehome.(offer)10(2011陕西卷)I_throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.（go）,couldhavefaced,were,hadntoffered,couldnthavegone,11(2011北京卷)MaybeifI_science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.（study）12(2011江苏卷)Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittotherailwayofficials.Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone_it.（steal）13(2011北京卷)Wherearethechildren?Thedinnersgoingtobecompletelyruined.Iwishthey_alwayslate.,hadstudied,mighthavestolen,werent,14(2011安徽卷)Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut_.(replace)15(2011福建卷)P