Toni Morrison 托尼莫里森.ppt

PartI.Biography,PartII.MajorWorksandAwards,PartIV.ABriefAnalysisofBeloved,PartIII.WritingFeatures,ABriefIntroductionof,ToniMorrison,PartI.BiographofToniMorrison,ToniMorrison(1931),1931,1949,1953,1955,1957,1958,1964,1970,1973,1977,1987,1993,1996,ToniMorrisonsTimeTable,ToniMorrison,bornFebruary18,1931inLorain,OhiograndfatherwasbornaslaveherfamilylosttheirlandandwereforcedtoworkintheminesandmillsoftheindustrializedNorth,Lorain,Ohio,1949-1955,attendedHowardUniversityin1949receivedaB.A.(BachelorofArts)InEnglishfromHowardin1953earnedaMasterofArtsdegreefromCornellUniversityin1955,becameanEnglishinstructoratTexasSouthernUniversityaftergraduationin1955.returnedtoHowardtoteachEnglishin1957.becameamemberofAlphaKappaAlphaSorority.,1955-1957,gotmarriedin1958gotdivorcedin1964andmovedtoNewYork,workingasaneditor.beganherwritingcareer.,1964-aturningpointofMorrison,becameanEnglishinstructoratTexasSouthernUniversityaftergraduationin1955.returnedtoHowardtoteachEnglishin1957.becameamemberofAlphaKappaAlphaSorority.,1955-1957,TheBluestEye(1970)Sula(1974)SongofSolomon(1977)TarBaby(1981)Beloved(1987)Jazz(1992)Paradise(1999)Love(2003)AMercy(2008),WritingCareer,In1993,MorrisonwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinliterature.“ToniMorrison,whoinnovelscharacterizedbyvisionaryforceandpoeticinport,giveslifetoanessentialaspectofAmericanreality.”,1993,TheNationalEndowmentfortheHumanitiesselectedMorrisonfortheJeffersonLecture.“Time,itseems,hasnofuture.”behonoredwiththe1996NationalBookFoundationsMedalofDistinguishedContributiontoAmericanLetters.,1996,In1984,shewasappointedtoanAlbertSchweitzerchair.From19892006,sheheldtheRoberF.GoheenChairatPrincetonUniversity.InJune2005,shewasawardedasanhonoraryDoctorofLettersdegree.,LaterLife,PartII.MajorWorksandAwards,Novels,1970TheBluestEye最蓝的眼睛1973Sula秀拉1977SongofSolomon所罗门之歌1981TarBaby柏油孩子、黑宝贝1988Beloved宠儿1992Jazz爵士乐1999Paradise天堂、乐园1993Love爱2008AMercy恩惠,Non-fictions,Remember:TheJourneytoSchoolIntegrationTheBlackBookBirthofaNationhoodWhatMovesattheMarginRace-ingJustice,En-genderingPower:EssaysonAnitaHill,ClarenceThomas,andtheConstructionofSocialRealityPlayintheDark:WhitenessandtheLiteraryImagination,Childrensliterature,TheBookofMeanPeople(2002)TheBigBox(1999),Plays,DreamingofEmmett(1986),Libretto(歌剧脚本),MargaretGarner(firstperformedMay2005),Otherworks,TheBluestEye,AnovelbasedonelementsofMorrisonsownexperience,contraststwoblackfamilies:thedysfunctional(不正常的)breedlovesandthehealthy,lovingMcTeers.,Sula,Sulaportraystwoblackwomenwhochoosedifferentpathsinlife.,SongofSolomon,FlightasaMeansofEscapeAbandonedWomenTheAlienatingEffectsofRacism,TarBaby,Anovelaboutcontentionsandconflictsbasedonlearnedbiasesandprejudices.Thesebiasesexistonaracelevel,genderlevel,andaclasslevel.,Beloved,MorrisonsbestnovelandwonherthePulitzerPrizeforFiction（普利策小说奖）.,Awards,1977NationalBookCriticsCircleAwardforSongofSolomon1977AmericanAcademyandInstituteofArtsandLettersAward1987-88RobertF.KennedyBookAward1988AmericanBookAwardforBeloved1988Anisfield-WolfBookAwardinRaceRelationsforBeloved,1988PulitzerPrizeforFictionforBeloved1989MLACommonwealthAwardinLiterature1993NobelPrizeforLiterature1993CommanderoftheArtsandLetters,Paris1994CondorcetMedal,Paris1994PearlBuckAward,Awards,1994RhegiumJuliiPrizeforLiterature1996JeffersonLecture1996NationalBookFoundationsMedalofDistinguishedContributiontoAmericanLetters2000NationalHumanitiesMedalUUA:FredericG.MelcherBookAward,Awards,PartIII.Writingfeaturesby唐光丽,1.Powerfulfictionalstyle2.Provocativethemes3.Sophisticatednarrativetechniques4.Poeticstyle,Writingfeatures,1.PowerfulfictionalstyleInbeloved,PaulD,fellowslavefromKentuckycomestolivewiththem.Sheeventuallytakesoverthehousehold,feedingonSethesmemoriesandexplanationstogainstrength.BelovednearlydestroyedhermotheruntilthecommunityofformerslavewomenwhohaveostracizedSetheandDenversincethemurderjointogethertoexorciseBelovedatlast.,Writingfeatures,2.ProvocativethemesA.Strongfeelingoffeministconsciousnessandnationalism.eg,thebluesteyeSulaBelovedB.Describemainlytheimpressionofblackwomenwhoareoppressedbyraceandgender.eg,theprotagonistofbelovedSethe,Writingfeatures,InhernovelthebluesteyeandSula,Morrisonexpesseshisstrongfeelingoffeministconsciousnessandnationalism;meanwhile,itsalsorevealthedistortcharacterofblackpeople,forexample,Pecolainthebluesteyesurmisedthatthereasonshewasabusedathomeandridiculedatschoolwasherblackskin,whichwasequatedwithugliness.Sheimaginedthateverythingwouldbeallrightifshehadblueeyesandblondhair.,Writingfeatures,C.IntegratethepastandpresentlifeofAfricanAericanstoshowthedistortofcolonialsystem,racialdiscriminationanddissiminationofblackpeopleslife.D.appealtofindthelostcultureandrebulidthenationalism.,Writingfeatures,Insula,sheisthepariahofherhometownWiththediscoveryattheageof12thatsheandherfriendNelWrightwereneitherwhitenormale,andthatallfreedomandtriumphwasforbiddentothem,lifeevolvedintoanunlimitedexperiment.Notboundbyanysocialcodes,Sulawasfirstthoughttobeunusual,thenoutrageous,andeventuallyevil,Writingfeatures,Insongofsolomon,Morrisonexpresseshernationalism.TheMilkmansMaconodysseybecameakindofculturalepicforallAfrican-Americanpeople;itmappedinsymbolicfashiontheheritageofapeople,fromamythicAfricanpast,throughaheritageobscuredbyslavery,toapresentbuiltuponquestionedvalues.,PartIV.ABriefAnalysisofBeloved,BackgroundCharactersandPlotWritingfeaturesThemesReflection,Beloved,用杀死自己亲生婴儿来拯救孩子的“疯狂”的黑人母亲变成鬼魂不断侵扰亲人的黑人婴儿致人疯狂的美国种族主义的梦魇,GothicStory,Archetype:thetruestoryofMargaretGarner,afugtiveslave,fromTheBlackBook（黑人之书）.History:Belovedstraddles(游离)thelinebetweenfictionandhistory;fromanexperienceofasinglefamily,shecreatesapowerfulcommentaryonthepsychologicalandhistoricallegacyofslavery.Style:affectedbysuchmodernistmastersasFaulknerorJoyce.,Background,MainCharacters,1.Sethe(塞丝)theprotagonistofBeloved,aproudandindependentwomanwhoisextremelydevotedtoherchildrenandattemptstomurdertheminanactofmotherlyloveandprotection.,MainCharacters,2.Denver(丹芙)Sethesyoungestchild,thedynamiccharacterinthenovel.Sheovercomesherfearoftheworldandstartstofightforindependenceandself-possession.,MainCharacters,3.PaulD(保罗.D)AformerslavefromSweetHomewhosurvivedthehorrorsofslaveryandhasevolvedintoaresourceful,contemplativeman.HechallengesSethetotrytomakeafuturewithhim.,MainCharacters,4.BabySuggs(贝比.萨格斯）Sethesmother-in-law.BabybecomesapreacherafterHallebuysherfreedom,andsheprovidesastabilizingforceforSetheandDenver.,MainCharacters,5.Beloved(宠儿)Sethesthirdchildandoldestdaughterwhowaskilledattheageoftwo.Herrestlessspirithauntsthefamilyfirstasaghostandthenasaflesh-and-bloodwoman.,CharacterMap,CharacterMap,Plot,Beginning:1848,SweetHome,“SweetHome”,Sethe,HalleSuggs,PaulD,PaulA,PaulF,Sixo,Mr.GarnerIshallnotansweryou”,心理和社会意识的觉醒赋于挑战权威的力量,Theawakening(觉醒)-Edna(埃德娜),平淡无奇压抑孤寂,裸体自杀只为涅槃重生,肉体解放催生深沉思索,邂逅爱情挑战权威,女性角色对比,Shecasttheunpleasant,prickinggarmentfromher,andforthefirsttimeinherlifeshestoodnakedintheopenair,atthemercyofthesun,thebreezethatbeatuponher,andthewavesthatinvitedher.Howstrangeandawfulitseemedtostandnakedunderthesky!Howdelicious!Shefeltlikesomenew-borncreature,openingitseyesinafamiliarworldthatithadneverknown.Shedidntlookbacknow,butwentonandon,thinkingoftheblue-grassmeadowthatshehadtraversedwhenalittlechild,believingthatithadnobeginningandend.,“过去的日子就像在做梦一般但愿可以沉睡不醒，醒来却发现啊，也好，或许醒来终究是比较好的，即使受苦，也总比一生都被幻象所蒙蔽来得好”（临死前的宣言）,觉醒的最终意义：宁可醒来后付出生命的代价也不愿再懵懂地生活下去,Beloved(宠儿)Sethe(塞丝)塞丝”非洲文化中的男性神，一般人身，一半鸟身。刚强毅力和自由的代表，希望与自由的化身,女性角色对比,EdnaVSSethe,background,destiny,thetheme,2.Racialism她的笔触超越了愤怒，也不再“控诉”，而是以一种斩钉截铁的痛切陈述一个黑奴（或解放了的黑奴）在世界上的根本处境：“任何一个白人，都能因为他脑子里突然