2015年《南方新高考》英语 第三部分 第3讲 改造低级句

第3讲,改造低级句,一、简单句的高级形式,简单句其实也可以不简单，若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、介词短语、同位语、独立主格结构等巧妙地合并在一起，不但可以表达更丰富的内容，而且也使句子变得更精彩，充分显示你在英语表达上的实力。以下各句摘自近年各省市高考写作范文的高级简单句，请欣赏、熟记、模仿：,1同位语,Iwanttohaveapenfriend,hopefullyagirlinherearly,twentiesandwithinterestssimilartomine.我想有一个笔友，希望是一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女孩子。(同位语中又有两个并列的介词短语修饰)(全国),2形容词短语,BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistand,inventor.出生于美国的托马斯爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。(湖南),3不定式短语,Inordertostudywell,weneedtodosports.为了学习好，我们,需要做体育运动。(辽宁),4现在分词短语,Inthispicture，amotherbirdstaysinhernestinabigtree,watchingherbabiesflyingaway.在这幅图中，一只鸟妈妈待在一棵大树的鸟巢里，看着她的鸟宝宝飞走。(北京),5过去分词短语,Comparedwithlettersandpublicphones，mobilephonesandtheInternetarefasterandmuchmoreconvenient.与信件和公用电话相比，手机和网络更快也更方便。(广东),6介词短语,Insteadofgivingusanswersimmediately,heencouragesusto,thinkbyourselves.他鼓励我们独立思考，而不是马上告诉我们答案。(湖南),【活学活用】,按括号中的提示翻译下列句子。,1我是李华，四川的一个学生。(同位语),_,2与其他老师相比，摩尔先生更注意教学方法。(用过去,分词短语),_,ImLiHua,astudentinSichuan.,Comparedwithotherteachers,Mr.Moorepaysmoreattention,tohiswayofteaching.,3北京动物园，建于1906年，有100多年的历史了。(用,过去分词短语),_,4李华在公共汽车站等601公车去上学。(现在分词短语),_,TheBeijingZoo,builtin1906,hasahistoryofmorethan100,years.,LiHuawasatthebusstop,waitingforBusNo.601togoto,school.,5我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是通过考试作弊来获得,好成绩。(介词短语),_合并成简单句。,6(1)Themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.,(2)Themoonisanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.,_,Westudentsshouldtrytogetgoodresultsbystudyinghard,insteadofcheatinginexaminations.,Themoon,travelingroundtheearthonceeverymonth,isa,naturalsatelliteoftheearth.,二、简单句的扩展,句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或者后置定语，在动词、形容词或者副词前后加上适当的状语，或者增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等。其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。我们练习句子的扩展，有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。,例1对Themanwasfamous.(主语系动词表语)一句进,行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：,(1)ThemannamedMikewasfamous.(画线部分为定语),(2)Attheageofseventeen,themanwasveryfamous,becauseofbeinggoodatplayingthepiano.(画线部分为状语)例2对Thestudentjumped.(主语谓语)一句进行扩展，可,得到以下一些句子：,(1)Thenaughtystudentwithapairofglassesonhisnose,jumped.(画线部分为定语),(2)Hearingthegoodnews，thenaughtystudentwithglassesonhisnosejumpedwithjoyinclasswithoutanyhesitation.画线部分为状语(注意两个with复合结构的不同功能)例3对ChinesearemakingChinamorepowerful.(主语谓语宾语宾补)一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：,(1)Hard-workingandopen-minded,Chinese,are,making,Chinafullofresourcesmorepowerful.(画线部分为定语),(2)Withtimegoingon,hard-working,and,open-minded,ChinesearemakingChinafullofresourcesmorepowerfulthanbeforeasexpected.(画线部分为状语),【活学活用】,按要求对下列句子进行扩展。,1Studentsbuybooks.(至少要含非谓语、介词短语和从句,等作定语),_,2Studentswork.(至少要含非谓语、介词短语和从句等作,状语),_,Studentspreparingforthefinalexamsbuysomebookson,Englishinthebookstorewhichisinthecornerofthatstreet.,Inordertoimprovetheirschoolsubjects,studentsworkso,hardintheclassroomthattheyforgettogooutafterclass.,3Themangavemeapen.(至少含一个不定式短语，一个现,在分词短语),_三、简单句合并成并列句,有时为了使句子的连贯性更强，表达也更为贴切、自然，我们在两个或者多个简单句之间加上and,but,or(或者，否则),for(因为),while(而，却)等并列连词，使其成为并列句。如：,(1)Ouroutdooractivitywilllast3hours.Wellbebackatabout,11oclock.,Themensittingbythewindowgavemeapentowritedown,myphonenumber.,Ouroutdooractivitywilllast3hours,andwellbebackat,about11oclock.,(2)Youmusthurry.Youllmisstheplane.,Youmusthurry,oryoullmisstheplane.,(3)Honeyissweet.Thebeestings.,Honeyissweet,butthebeestings.,在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when,after,as，because,where,which,who等从属连词，可以使简单句变成复合句，从而扩展成主从复合句。如：,(1)Iforgottoposttheletter.Iwroteityesterday.(改为含定语,从句的复合句),IforgottoposttheletterIwroteyesterday.,(2)Hemissedthefirstbus.Hecametoschoollate.(改为含状,语从句的复合句),Becausehemissedthefirstbus,hecametoschoollate.Hemissedthefirstbus,sohecametoschoollate.,【活学活用】,将下列句子合并成一句并列句或主从复合句。1Hewastired.Hewenttobed.,_,2Ourteachermustbeathome.Thedoorisopen.,_,3(1)Asatelliteisanobject.,(2)Asatellitetravelsinanorbitroundanotherobjectinspace.(3)Asatelliteiseithernaturalorman-made.,_,Hewastired,sohewenttobed.,Ourteachermustbeathome,forthedoorisopen.,Asatelliteisanobject,eithernaturalormanmade,which,travelsinanorbitroundanotherobjectinspace.,4(1)Airtrafficcontrollerstellpilotswhentoland.,(2)Airtrafficcontrollerstellpilotswhentotakeoff.,(3)Airtrafficcontrollersknowthepositionsofallplanes,flyingtotheairport.,(4)Airtrafficcontrollersknowthepositionsofallplanes,flyingfromtheairport.,(5)Airtrafficcontrollersuseradartohelpthem.,_,Airtrafficcontrollersnotonlytellpilotswhentolandand,whentotakeoff,butalsoknowthepositionsofallplanes,flyingfromandtotheairportwiththehelpofradar.,5(1)Therewasonceafamousdetective.,(2)HewasnamedSherlockHolmes.(3)HelivedinLondon.,(4)Thetimewasattheendofthenineteenthcentury.,_,6(1)Hewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice.,(2)Hewasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeir,personalaffairs.,_,TherewasonceafamousdetectivenamedSherlockHolmes,wholivedinLondonattheendofthenineteenthcentury.,Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hewasabletohelpa,greatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.,四、用高级结构让句子靓起来,利用以下各招可给句子润色，让句子靓起来。1使用强调句。,用do,does,did强调一般时态的谓语动词；用itis.that.,强调谓语之外的各种句子成分。如：,Itwasnotuntilshetookoffherglassesthatherfather,recognizedher.直到她摘下眼镜她父亲才认出她。,2使用倒装句。如：,OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.只有用这种方法,我们才可以学好英语。,Beforeeverythingelse,gettingreadyisthesecretofsuccess.,做好准备是成功的首要秘诀。3使用with的复合结构。如：,Withthenoisegoingon,Icouldntgoonstudying.由于那噪,音的持续，我无法继续学习。,4使用非谓语动词。如：,Locatedatthesouthwestcornerofourschool,thebotanical,gardenhasanareaof1000squaremeters.植物园位于校园西南角，面积1000平方米。5恰当使用被动句。如：,Aboveall,somethingmustbedonetostoppolluting.最重要,的是，必须釆取某些措施来阻止污染。,6使用各类从句，如：使用“介词关系代词”引导的定,语从句。,7“数词名词”改用“asmanyas数词名词”。8使用what引导的主语从句。,9适当使用插入语。如：Iguess,however,inaway,certainly,inmyopinion,probably,generallyspeaking,believeitornot,besides,whatsmore等。,【活学活用】,使用上述润色技巧，合并或改写下列句子。,1IrealizedtheimportanceofEnglishwhenIenteredsenior,highschool.(强调句),_,2Wecanliveahappylifeonlybythismeans.(倒装),_,3Hefellasleep.Thelightswerestillon.(with结构),_,ItwaswhenIenteredseniorhighschoolthatIrealizedthe,importanceofEnglish.,Onlybythismeanscanweliveahappylife.,Hefellasleepwiththelightson.,4WhenIheardthat,Iwasmuchmoved.(非谓语动词),_,5Theycarriedoutasurveyamong260students.(被动语态),_,6Theywerefacedwithmanyproblems.Theydidntlose,heart.(非谓语动词),_,7Itwasgettingdark.Anditbegantorain.(插入语),_,