古希腊神话英文介绍PPT.ppt

GreekMythology希腊神话,GreekMythologyisagroupoftraditionaltalestoldbytheancientGreeksaboutthedeedsofgods,heroesandtheirrelationswithhumanbeings.希腊神话讲了很多古希腊的故事，有神、英雄的故事以及他们和普通人类之间的关系。TheGreekmythologyisanimportantpartoftheancientculturewhichhasvastanddeepinfluenceonthewholewesternculture.希腊神话是古文化重要的一部分，与整个西方文化有着广泛而又紧密的联系。ItsgreatinfluenceupontheEnglishlanguageandliteratureisbeyonddescription.AgreatnumberofwordsandidiomsintheEnglishlaguagecomefromtheGreekmythology.它在英语和文学作品方面的巨大影响力是无法形容的。英语中的很多单词和语言表达方式都是来自希腊神话。,theoldtheogony:theTians（旧神谱:奥林匹斯十二泰坦）thenewtheogony:theGods（新神谱奥林匹斯十二主神）,Perseus(珀尔修斯)Jason(伊阿宋)Heracles(赫拉克勒斯)Theseus(忒修斯),Medusa(美杜莎)Minotaurus(米诺陶洛斯)Cerberus(刻耳柏洛斯),PART1：TheOlympianGodsandotherDeitiesPART2：HeroesPART3：Monsters,PART1：TheOlympianGodsandotherDeities,1、theGods2、otherDeities,TheancientGreeksworshipedmanygods.Greekgodscanbedividedintoseveralgroups.TheearliestgroupwasTitans,ledbyCronus.ThemostpowerfulgroupwastheOlympians.TheOlympiansareagroupofgodswhoruledaftertheoverthrowoftheTitans.AlltheOlympiansarerelatedinsomeway.Theyarenamedaftertheirdwelling（住宅,住所）placeMountOlympus.,古希腊崇拜很多神,古希腊的神被分为几组,最古老一组的被称为泰坦,由克罗诺斯领导。最强大的一组被称为奥林匹斯山神。奥林匹斯山神由个神组成，他们颠覆了泰坦时期的规律。所有的奥林匹斯山神在某个方面都有着或多或少的联系。他们的名字来自于他们居住的奥林匹斯山。,theGods（十二主神）,Zeus(宙斯):thegodofthesky.Hera(赫拉):thegoddessofmarriageandchildbirth.Poseidon(波塞冬):thegodofthesea,protector.Hades(哈迪斯):thegodthedeadandwealth.Hestia(赫斯提亚):thegoddessoftheHearth(灶台).Ares(阿瑞斯):thegodofwar.Hermes(赫尔墨斯):thegodofthievesandcommerce.Hephaestus(赫斯菲托斯):thegodoffireandtheforge(熔炉).Apollo(阿波罗):thegodoflight.Artemis(阿尔忒弥斯):thegoddessofchastity,virginity,thehunt,themoon,andthenaturalenvironment.Athena(雅典娜):theGreekvirgingoddessofreason,intelligentactivity,artsandliterature.Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德):thegoddessoflove,desireandbeauty.,Kingoftheskyandtheearth.RuleroftheOlympiangods.Hewastheraingod,andthecloudgatherer,whoholdstheterriblethunderbolt.Hisbirdistheeagle,histreeistheoak.,Zeus宙斯,HeismarriedtoHerabut,isfamousforhismanyaffairs.Heisalsoknowntopunishthosethatlieorbreakoaths.,Zeuswifeandsister.Queenofthegods.Goddessofmarriageandchildbirthandtakesspecialcareofmarriedwomen.,Hera赫拉,MoststoriesconcerningHerahavetodowithherjealousrevengeforZeussinfidelities（不忠）.,BrotherofZeus.Godofthesea,Protectorofallwaters.Hisweaponisatrident(三叉戟),Whichcanshaketheearth,andshatterAnyobject.,Poseidon波塞冬,HeissecondonlytoZeusinpoweramongstthegods.,Hewaswidelyworshipedbyseamen.,BrotherofZeus.Godofthedead.Ruleroftheunderworld.Godofwealth,duetothepreciousmetalsminedfromtheearth.,Hades哈迪斯,Hehasahelmetthatmakeshiminvisable.Herarelyleavestheunderworld.,Zeussister.Goddessofthehearth（灶台）.Thesymbolofthehousearoundwhichanewbornchildiscarriedbeforeitisreceivedintothefamily.,Hestia赫斯提亚,OfalltheOlympians,sheisthemildest,mostuprightandmostcharitable（仁慈的）.,SonofZeusandHera.Godofwar.Heisconsideredmurderous（行凶的）andbloodstained（血污的）butalsoacoward.Hewasdislikedbybothparents.,Ares阿瑞斯,Ares:Allthatyouhave,isdead!,阿瑞斯：“你所拥有的，只有死亡！”,SonofZeus.Godofcommerce.（商业）Messengerforalltheothergods.Guideforthedeadtogototheunderworld.,Hermes赫尔墨斯,HewasthecleverestoftheOlympiangods.Heisthefastestofthegods.Hewearswingedsandals,awingedhat,andcarriesamagicwand（棒）.,他是奥林匹斯山上最聪明的神。他是速度最快的神，他脚生双翼，头上戴有翅膀的帽子，手里拿着魔杖。,SonofZeusandHera.Godoffire,Hephaestus赫菲斯托斯,Heisthesmithandarmorer(兵器制造者）ofthegods.,Heiskindandpeaceloving.Heistheonlygodtobelame(瘸的,跛的)andphysicallyugly.,However,hemarriedthemostbeautifulgoddess-Aphrodite(阿弗洛狄德),SonofZeus.Godofsun.Godofhealingwhotaughtmanmedicine.Godoftruth,whocannotspeakalie.,Apollo阿波罗,Thearcher,farshootingwithasilverbow(弓箭).,Heworeapurplerobe.Heusuallysatinhisbrighteasternpalaceearlyinthemorningandmadereadytostarthisdailyjourneyacrossthesky.,OneofApollosmoreimportantdailytasksistoharnesshischariot（二轮战车）withfourhorsesanddrivethesunacrossthesky.Duringthedayhedrovehiscarriageofgoldandivory,andbroughtlight,lifeandlovetothegreatworldbelow.Lateintheafternoonhecametotheendofhisjourneyinthefarwesternseaandgotonhisgoldenboattoreturntohiseasternhome.,DaughterofZeus.HertwinbrotherisApollo.Goddessofthehunt,themoon,chastity,virginity,andthenaturalenvironment.Sheistheprotectoroftheyoungwomen.,Artemis阿尔忒弥斯,DaughterofZeus.Goddessofwisdom，victoryandwar.ShesprangfullgrownInarmour（盔甲）fromhisfatherSforeheadthushasnomother.,Athena雅典娜,Sheisthegoddessofthecity,handicrafts,andagriculture.Sheinventedthebridle（缰绳）,thetrumpet,theflute,thepot,theyoke,theship,andthechariot.Sheistheembodiment（化身）ofwisdom,reason,andpurity.,ShewasZeussfavoritechildandwasallowedtousehisweaponsincludinghisthunderbolt.HerfavoritecityisAthens.,Hertreeistheolive.Theowlisherbird.,Sheisfierceandbraveinbattle,butonlywarstodefinedthestateandhomefromoutsideenemies.,Goddessoflove，desireandbeauty.Sherepresentedsex,affection,andtheattractionthatbindspeopletogether.,Aphrodite阿弗洛狄德,Inadditiontohernaturalgifts,shehasamagicalgirdlethatcompels（迫使）anyoneshewishestodesireher.Hertreeismyrtle(桃金娘；爱神木).Dove(白鸽)isherbird.,Prometheus（普罗米修斯）,Creatorofmankind.人类的创造者Mansprotectorandbenefactor.人类的保护者和拯救者。Heshapedmanoutofmud.他用泥捏成人形，创造了人类。Hestolefireformankind,withtheresultthathewaspunishedformZeus.HewaschainedtoMountCaucasus,andeverymorninganeaglewouldappearedandatehisliver,whichgrowbackatnight.他为人类偷了圣火，所以被宙斯惩罚。他被绑在高加索山，每天早晨都会有鹰来吃他的肝脏，肝脏会在晚上又长出来。,PART2：Heroes,GreekheroeswerealmostasimportantasthegodsinGreekmythology.Heroeswerebigger,braver,andmorebeautifulthanordinarymenandwomen.Inmostcasestheirfathersorgrandfathersweregods,buttheirmotherweremortals,sotheywereoftencalleddemigods(half-gods).在希腊神话中，希腊英雄和希腊神同样重要。英雄们比普通的人类更强大、更勇敢。他们中大部分人的父亲或者祖父是神，但他们的母亲是普通人，所以他们经常也被称为“半神人”。,Perseus(珀尔修斯)ThesonofZeus.GotthehelpformAthenaandHermes,hekilledtheGorgon(蛇发女妖)Medusa.HefixedhiseyesonMedusasreflectioninthepolished(光滑的)surfaceofhisshield(盾)andthencutoffherhead.,Jason(伊阿宋),LeaderoftheArgonautsinthequestfortheGoldenFleece(金羊毛).寻找金羊毛时阿尔戈号的领导者。,Heracles(赫拉克勒斯),ThelastearthbornsonofZeus.Aheroofextraordinary(非凡的)strengthwhowonimmortalitybyperforming12la