动词不定式的被动专题.ppt

Unit2Robots,Usingstructure,朗声教育教学测评研究中心研发,课前,1.Hebeggedtobeforgiven.2.Marydidntwanthersontobetakenaway.3.Therearealotofthingstobediscussed.4.TheywereshippedtoAmericatobesoldasslaves.5.Itisapityformenottobeinvitedtotheconference.6.Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.7.Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room.,指出下列黑体部分的结构分别在句中作什么成份,宾语,宾补,定语,状语,主语,表语,主补,自学生疑,1.不定式的被动语态形式有哪两种？2.动词不定式的被动语态一般可以充当什么句子成分？3.在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式使用时应注意什么？,不定式的被动语态,课中,1.不定式的被动语态形式有哪两种？,不定式的被动语态,课中,不定式的被动语态有两种形式，一般式(not)tobedone和完成式(not)tohavebeendone。,不定式的被动语态,语法归纳,不定式的被动语态的使用,1)不定式的被动语态的一般式(tobedone)含有将来的意思，表示在谓语行为之后将要发生的动作。,语法归纳,不定式的被动语态的使用,2)不定式的被动语态的完成式(tohavebeendone)表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。,1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto_(repair).2.Iknewhim_(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired_(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved_(steal)it.,berepaired,tohavebeencaught,tobetaken,tohavestolen,练习,课中,2.动词不定式一般可以充当什么句子成分?,不定式的被动语态,课前,1.Hebeggedtobeforgiven.2.Marydidntwanthersontobetakenaway.3.Therearealotofthingstobediscussed.4.TheywereshippedtoAmericatobesoldasslaves.5.Itisapityformenottobeinvitedtotheconference.6.Hisdreamwastobeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.7.Thebooksarenotallowedtobetakenoutofthereading-room.,指出下列黑体部分的结构分别在句中作什么成份,宾语,宾补,定语,状语,主语,表语,主补,注意:做主语（常用it做形式主语）Tobeofferedsympathybyarobotisridiculous.被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。,Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby.,ItisagreathonortobeinvitedtoattendtheopeningceremonyofAsianGames.,不定式作定语:1)不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时,Hehasnothingtoeat.分析：eat动nothing宾/he主eat谓Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.分析：_动_宾/_主_谓这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。,read,abook,you,read,Theelegantladyhadsomethingtodeclare.,比较：Ihavealotofletterstotype.(我有很多信件要打印：Iwilltypetheletter)Ihavealotofletterstobetyped.(意思为：Igetsb.totypetheletter)1)IllgotoNewYork.Haveyouanything_(take)toyourwifethere?2)Haveyouanyclothes_(wash),sir?”askedthemaid3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes_(wash),tobetaken,tobewashed,towash,注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式则必须用被动式。,语法归纳,句法功能,不定式被动式可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、主语补足语或状语。,主语宾语表语定语宾语补足语状语：结果原因目的,课中,3.在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式使用时应注意什么？,不定式的被动语态,在“主语+表语（形容词）todo”中，主语也是不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是动宾关系。Thisquestioniseasytoanswer.（分析：answer(动)-thisquestion（宾）注意：如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。Johnisdifficulttodealwith.（分析：_(动)-_(宾)）,dealwith,John,如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。,Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin,Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout,语法归纳,需要注意的几种用法,1)在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中，该类形容词(如difficult，hard，easy，interesting，dangerous，safe，impossible等)说明的是主语的性质，不定式用主动语态。,但是注意:Therebe结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。Thereisalotofworktodo/tobedone.(多用主动形式)没有什么可担心的。,Thereisnothingtoworryabout.,再练习:7.Ihope_(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto_(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence_(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_.(read)13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter_(notdrive)afterdrinking.,totranslate,tobewelcomed,havebeentranslated,tobeadmitted,bereading,nottodrive,14.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_(hear),butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.15.Heseems_（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.,tohaveheard,tohavebeenpunished,16.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_(clean).17.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot_(worry)about.18.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter_(post)?19.Youareluckyenough_(notcatch)intherain.,tobecleaned,toworry,tobeposted,nottohavebeencaught,语法归纳,需要注意的几种用法,2)有少数动词不定式的主动式(如toblame,tolet，tosell，toseek等)可表示被动意义。,语法归纳,需要注意的几种用法,3)在“主语+be+too+形容词+不定式”结构或“主语+be+形容词+enough+不定式”结构中，当不定式和主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，如果强调该不定式表示的动作由某人执行，就用主动式，否则用被动式。,1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto_(repair).2.Iknewhim_(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired_(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved_(steal)it.,berepaired,tohavebeencaught,tobetaken,tohavestolen,练习,7.Ihope_(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto_(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence_(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_.(read)13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter_(notdrive)afterdrinking.,totranslate,tobewelcomed,havebeentranslated,tobeadmitted,bereading,nottodrive,14.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_(hear),butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.15.Heseems_（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.,tohaveheard,tohavebeenpunished,16.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_(clean).17.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot_(worry)about.18.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter_(post)?19.Youareluckyenough_(notcatch)intherain.,tobecleaned,toworry,tobeposted,nottohavebeencaught,1.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen,Exercise,B,2.Ihurriedtothemeetinghall,only_thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told,B,3.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth,sheappears_everything.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold,D,4.LittleTomshouldlove_tothetheaterthisevening.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking,A,5.Itissaidthatplasticscanbeusedto_manythings.Nowpeopleareusedto_plasticsproducts.A.make;usingB.making;usingC.making;useD.make;use,A,6.Withalotofproblems_,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled,C,7.He_andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didntunderstandB.didntbeunderstoodC.wasntunderstandD.wasntunderstood,D,8.Thepupilshere_allkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks.A.keptbusydoingB.keepondoingC.havekeptbusydoingD.havebeenkeptbusydoing,D,9.Visitors_nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested,D,10.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_withmilkandsugar.A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served,B,.随堂检测(P35)1.1)C。realizeberealized2)B。givebegiven3)C。beatbeaten4