高中英语词汇教学的一些感悟.ppt

,上虞城南中学顾九龙,高中英语词汇教学的一些感悟,Whytoteach,Whattoteach,Howtoteach/improve,Whytoteach(Theimportance):,美国著名作家和教育家L-RonHubbar先生的教育学理论认为:影响理解和应用的最重要因素是词汇。语言学家Wilkings:“Withoutgrammar,verylittlecanbeconveyed.Withoutvocabulary,nothingcanbeconveyed.”,英语课程标准要求:,1.七级要求学会使用2400-2500个单词和300-400个习惯用语或固定搭配；(高中毕业基本要求)2.八级要求学会使用3300-3500个左右的单词和400-500个习惯用语或固定搭配；3.九级要求学会使用4500个左右的单词和一定数量的习惯用语或固定搭配。,2009年浙江卷阅读中八级词汇统计(20),counter,figure,obviously,purchase,convey,classify,expense,profession,occupation,electronic,ripe,handful,agent,professional,deliver,considerate,sincerely,inform,fortune,rob,reflect,考纲词汇从2008年2073个增加到2387个。试卷单选题中出现了如access，adapt，appeal，apply，approach，attach，confident,decrease,flexible，indicate,independent,recommend,reliable等新增词汇；另外，试卷对常用构词法的应用有了更高的要求,（如阅读理解E篇中出现了historian,scholar,competitor等虽未列入考纲词汇表但学生熟悉其字根的派生词）；此外，试卷还着力考查了在语境中综合运用词汇、通过上下文猜测生词词义的能力。而且，阅读理解语篇中的生词按考试说明首次出现了3%以内的生词量（如A篇中有checkout,reassuring,incredible,romantic,seal五个未注中文的考纲外的词）。,2009高考新变化：,NothingispossibleinourEnglishteachingandlearningwithoutvocabulary.,把词汇教学、词汇量的扩充贯穿于整个单元、整个课堂、整份试卷的复习、教学及讲评的始终。（戴军熔）,Whattoteach:,WORD,TheUsage,Thespelling,ThePartofSpeech,TheDefinition,TheConnotations,TheAssociation,ThePronunciation,TheGrammarBehavior,Thederivation,TheCollocation,2009年浙江卷,完形:eye-openingrundownhomelessdarknesscompanionssadnesshumanityreactionspoverty-strickenpainfulbrainstormdeterminationbackground阅读A篇:upcomingunloadingsmile-warmweek-evenembarrassmentluckyB篇:classifiedovertimesightseeingbookletthereafterwake-uptransportationintersectionworkshopconvenienceinternationalC篇:electronicchallenginggreenhouseimpressiveenclosedsoftwareD篇:misfortuneunhappypeanutlight-heartedlyweathermanbreathlesslyunsympatheticrainstormE篇:historianrelationshipteamworkcompetitor任务型阅读:growthdevelopmentelsewhereassociationrelationship-drivenmanagementmakeupstrengthbookkeepinghands-on,2008年浙江卷,完形：depthsrepresentswimsuitwoodenassistant阅读A篇：hearing-impairedadvisorheadmasteroutsideoutdoorsachievementsB篇：discussionwebsitesupermarketinternetuncomfortableC篇：researcherenforcebedtimesleepyheadbiologicaldesktoptimeoutD篇：neighborhoodmiddle-agedovervaluedjoggerweaknessesenjoymentpastimepainlesslyE篇：clotheslineenvironmentallypolluterenvironmentalismunpleasanthomeownerseco-consciousbathwaterdissatisfiedlawmakers任务型阅读：pressureunwillingnesssolutionhurtful,one的用法：,1.one:/wn/,_one-eyedog_180-wordarticle/_80-wordarticle,2.allinone;oneafteranotheronebyone;oneatatimeoneortwo;oneday/morningononehand,ontheotherhandoneinathousand;tentoone(十之八九)become/bemadeone(团结一致),3.one与a的区别/one与first的区别：,4.one/it/that的区别：（重要考点）,5.oneof/theoneof的区别：,6.one-offchopsticks(一次性筷子)one-sidedlove（单相思）one-to-oneconversations(一对一的会话)one-waystreet（单行道）one-wayticket（单程票）one-manshow（一个人表演）oneselfonenessN.(单一),7.与one搭配的一些谚语：,（1）Onebodyisnobody.（一个人是微不足道。）（2）Allforone,oneforall.（人人为我，我为人人。）（3）Topromiseisonething,andtokeepisanother.(约是约，做是做。)（4）Theonewaytohaveafriendistobeone.(得到朋友的唯一的办法是做一个朋友。)(5)Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.(活到老，学到老。),1.Dontspeakatonce._please!(1995)A.Oneatatime.B.Onebyonetime.C.Oneforeachtime.D.Eachatonetime.2.Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_fromsomewoodwehad.(2004)A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another3.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.(2002)A.thatB.oneC.itD.what4.TheCDsareonsale！Buyoneandyouget_completelyfree.(2009全国卷)A.otherB.othersC.oneD.ones,8.高考题：,英语课程标准“在英语课程实施中,帮助学生有效地使用学习策略,不仅有利于他们把握学习的方向、采用科学的途径、提高学习效率,而且还有助于他们形成自主学习的能力,为终身学习奠定基础。”,Howtoteach/improve(一些感悟):,感悟一、利用上下文学习和掌握词义,一位外国语言学家曾说过：“可以把在不同上下文环境中的同一词看作是不同的生词。”在英语里，一词多义是非常常见的，这与英语的多源性有关。现代英语中不仅有许多词汇是从古英语演变而来，还有约80%的词汇从外国输入的，经过历史变迁，这些词汇并存和融合，使英语一词多义、一义多词的现象特别普遍，因此，一个词如果你只记住了它的一个意义，那么当该词出现在一个新的语言环境中时，它看上去仍像一个生词。从语义上讲，它也确是一个生词（熟词生义）。,1.Thedinnercostusfivedollarsahead.(每人)2.Youshoulduseyourhead.(动脑筋)3.Letsdiscussthequestionunderfourheads.(题目)4.adepartmenthead(系主任)5.attheheadofthelist(开头)6.Youarewrongonthathead.(这一点)7.Whereareyouheading?(往走)8.Pleaseheadthearticlewithatitle.(给加标题),head的用法(一词多义),1.aheavybag(重的)2.aheavycrop(丰收)3.aheavydamage(严重)4.aheavydrinker(酒鬼)5.aheavyheart(沉重)6.heavyfood(油腻)7.heavypunishment(厉害)8.heavysnow(大雪)9.heavysky(阴沉)10.heavytraffic(拥挤),heavy的用法：(一词多义),汉语中“说”的表达方式(一义多词),说（say,speak,tell,talk）,explain,repeat,shout,whisper,add,report,reply(answer),continue,announce,declare,suggestadvise,murmur,demand,agree,refuse,complain,imply,admit,解释说,重复说,大声说,低声说,补充说,报告说,暗示说,回答说,承认说,埋怨说,继续说,拒绝说,要求说,宣布说,同意说,咕哝说,宣布说,建议说,感悟二、幽默地利用联想，找单词之间规律，自编自用,美国心理学家特鲁赫伯说：“幽默是一种最有趣，最有感染力，最有普遍意义的传递艺术。”在英语教学中，教师如果善于运用幽默艺术，就可以深深地感染和吸引学生的注意力，消除教学疲劳，活跃课堂气氛，和谐师生关系，有助于知识的传授和掌握。,1.Negroesandheroesliketoeatpotatoesandtomatoesfromthevolcanoes.2.Amodernmodestmodelwonametalmedal.3.Thereisamuttonandabuttonatthebottomofthebottle.4.Doesyourloverloveyourglove?5.Believeitornot,thesweatinmysweaterissweet,soIdliketoeatit.6.Doyouknow,whichisthemostimportant,health,wealthorwreath?,7.Thereisaflyflyingoverthefryingpanandcryingforhelp.8.Thecompetitorscompetedinthecompositioncompetition,andtheyareallverycompetitive.,9.Theemperorwithhismayorsandinspectorscametoahospitaltoseeasailorandamonitorofaschool.Thedirectorofthehospital,aswellassomedoctors,professorsandinventorswarmlymetthevisitors.Theythoughthighlyofthewoundedsailorandthebravemonitorfortheirfightingagainstthetraitor,whorobbedonetailorofhermirrorandscissorsonthetractor.,1.amaze/amuze2.bound/round3.brave/grave4.bunch/brunch5.block/lion/billion/trillion7.blood/flood8.bound/round/sound9.adopt/adpat10.abroad/aboard/broad/board11.accept/except/expect12.award/aware13.concept/concert14.content/context15.certain/curtain16.dawn/down17.tough/rough,联想法记忆,18.tour/pour19.patent/patient20.peach/beach20.insect/insert21.instruct/construct22.headline/deadline23.height/weight24.gain/pain25.familiar/similar26.explore/explode27.expert/expect/except28.goal/goat29.relief/belief30.optimistic/pessimistic,运用“主题风暴”（brainstorming）教学方法，即在英语教学中使用相近的方法、手段和形式，围绕一个中心主题进行大规模、多渠道和多次反复的综合训练，学生对中心主题的“顺藤摸瓜”，运用了丰富的联想，将平时学到的知识逐个分析加工，提取对自己有用的部分，然后加以利用。进行大量输入，反复刺激，使学生巩固和扩大词汇。,感悟三：利用主题“风暴”，进行词汇教学法,friendship,F:,R:,E:,N:,D:,S:,H:,I:,P:,faithful,frank,friendly,fair,real,reliable,responsible,respectful,easy-going,everlasting,encouraging,equal,nice,noble,devoted,determined,dynamic,sincere,secure,selfless,smart,helpful,honest,hopeful,independent,inspiring,polite,patient,pleasant,Naturaldisasters,fire,typhoon/hurricane,volcanoeruption,snowslide,mudflow,tornado,sandstorm,flood,tsunami,drought,Whattotakewhentraveling?,backpack,suitcase,creditcard,IDcards/passports,acellphone,somefood,medicine,camera,anatlas,compass,umbrella,mobilephone,match,表示“注意”,attract,call,draw,catch,invite,devote,direct,give,engage,onesattentionto,payattentionto./payonesattentionsto(献殷勤),感悟四：加大语言输入，利用DailyNews巩固和扩大词汇,新课程标准强调教师要善于利用和开发课程资源：“除教材外，学校和教师还应积极开发和利用其他课程资源，如广播影视节目、录音、录像资料、网络资源和报刊杂志等”。,DailyNews新闻.doc,感悟：,1.已学词汇巩固了,2.课外词汇拓展了,3.猜词能力也提高了,(apleasantgoat，abigbigwolf,Dwelling-narrowness,newbie,stampede,atwo-dayoff,agolden-week,),埃利斯（1990）提出：“没能给学习者提供自然交流机会的教学活动，将会使学习者失去接触语言材料的主要来源，进而阻止习得的进步”，因此，理想的词汇教学应创造更多的直接使用语言的机会，让学生“沉浸”在语言环境中，进行有意义的的交流。,感悟五：创设和利用真实语境，促进词汇的活用和理解,注意：1.活动要围绕教学内容教学目标，复习巩固所学词汇。2.以学生的经验和兴趣为出发点，并与学生现实生活联系起来。,Add的一些短语：,LastweekmydaughtertoldmethatshewantedtobuyaChinese-Englishdictionary.WhenIaskedherhowmuchshehadherself,shetookoutallherpocketmoneyandstartedto_,butit_nomorethan62yuan,whichwasnotenoughtoaChinese-Englishdictionarywhichwouldcost108yuan.Shethenaskedmefortherest.Igaveher50yuan.62_50is112.Afterbuyingthedictionary,shestillhad4yuanleft.SoI_shecouldkeeptheremainingmoney.Shewashappytobuythedictionary._,itreally_toourhappiness.,additup,addedupto,addedto,added,Inaddition,addedto,IamgladtotellyouthatasportswillbeheldinourschoolnextWednesday.Itwilllastthreedays.Morethan200studentswillcompeteinthemeet.Forfieldevent,wewillhavethehighjump,longjump,shotputandjavelin-throwing.Fortrackevents,wewillhavethe100-meterrace,200-meterrace.Attheendofthemeet,wewillhavea400-meterrelayraceandatug-ofwarinthegym.ButIamsorrytotellyouthatwewonthavethefollowingevents:swimming,sailing,shootingorwrestling.Ihopeeachofyouwillenterforatleastoneeventandgetthebestpossibleresult.,Sports,1.stadium/gymnasium2.sportmeet3.fieldevent4.trackevent5.longjump6.highjump7.javelin-throwing8.tug-of-war9.relayrace10.relaybaton(接力棒)eon15.takepartin16.athelete17.takethefirstprize18.100-meterdash19.shotput20.sportsman21.sportswear,Sports,Asportsmeetingwasheldinourschoollastweek,whichlastedforthreedays.Ithinkwasfunny,exciting,fierce,justlikeagame.Icompeted800-meterrace,andhigh-jumpingaswell.Intherace,onhearingthesoundthegun,Istartedtorunveryfast,butafterashortwhileIfellandfellbehind.Itwashardwork,Ithink.ButItriedmybestandcontinued.Myclassmateallshoutedandencouragedme:Comeon!Comeon.Igotcomfortandsupportfrommyclassmates.SoIdidnotgiveupandsuccededinreachingthefinishingline.Congratulations!,shoutedmyclassmate.WhatapitythatIcouldonlywonthefourthprize.However,Ifeltproudofmyselfandmyteacherpraisedmeintheclassandtoldusnottogiveineveninfaceofgreatdifficulty.Ithinksportsmeetingisthebestwaytomakepeoplehappier,stronger,andalsomakethembecomemorefriendly.,学生习作,Christmas:,thebirthdayofJesusChrist圣诞：Christmasday，Xm，Xmas圣诞节Christmascarol圣诞歌Christmascard圣诞卡SantaClaus圣诞老人Christmastree圣诞树MerryChristmas圣诞ChristmasEve平安夜ornament装饰物chimney烟囱BoxingDay：节后第一个工作日，即“重拳出击那一天”Christmaswreath圣诞鲜花roastturkey烤火鸡Christmasgreetings圣诞问候Christmascrafts圣诞工艺品,1.Thankyoufornotassigninghomeworkthisholidayseason.感谢您没有留假期作业。2.IlookforwardtoyourclassafterChristmas.我期待着圣诞过后，再上您的课。3.Xmasisatimeforgladnessandrejoicingbecausewegotbestpresentsfromourdearteacher.圣诞是喜庆的日子4.Mayhappinessfollowyoueverywhere，justlikewedo.愿快乐随时与您同在如同我们与您寸步不离。5.Itsreallyashamewecantbetogetheratthismoment.我们不能在一起过节真是太遗憾了。6.WeofferNewYearblessingstoyou.我们向您献上圣诞节的祝福！,ChristmasGreetingsfromthestudents:,7.GivemybestwishestomyrespectedandbelovedEnglishteacher-Mr.Gu.祝福敬爱的老师8.Mr.Gu,Mayhappinessalwaysbewithyou.9.Christmasiscoming.Therefore,Isendmysincereblessingtoyou.圣诞来临真诚地祝福老师。10.PeaceandloveforyouatNewYearfromallyourstudents.新年充满平安和爱。,感悟六：提倡一文多用，读写整合，提高词汇应用能力。,读写型课：以阅读文本为主，然后通过学生的说为构建写作做语言铺垫，最后超越文本信息构成写作文本，注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力，这是提高学生词汇综合运用能力的途径。教学过程中教师要精心设计，层层铺垫，实现从信息输入、内化到最后以书面表达这一形式进行语言输出。,张公开课.ppt,词汇教学感悟：,词汇教学的方法是不胜枚举，八仙过海，各显神通。教无定法，但教有常法，有一些科学的规律性的东西（即原则）需要我们去遵循。,结语：,Teachinyourownwaythatsuitsyourownstudents!,EverythingwillbepossibleinourEnglishteaching&learning!,AHappyNewYearToYou!,THANKS!,Out-put1.Letsmakesentences,1.Before,they,2.After,they,3.Infact,有意围绕中心话题进行口头编句，加强对话题词汇的应用和理解。,Output2,Inmyopinion,thepreacher_.,故意斜靠在教堂外面的墙上。假装非常可怜,希望引起别人的注意。,想知道来教堂的人会怎么对他。,想用这种特别的方法来教育人们如何对待有困难的人。想告诉人们对人要有同情心。想