2018高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意

,ReadingComprehension,-Howtogetthemainideaofaparagraphorapassage?,Amothermousewasoutforawalkwithherbabieswhenshefoundacatbehindabush.Shewatchedthecat,andthecatwatchedthemice.Mothermousebarkedfiercely,Woof,woof,woof!Thecatwassofrightenedthatitranforitslife.Mothermouseturnedtoherbabiesandsaid,Now,doyouunderstandthevalueofasecondlanguage?”,Step1:Lead-in,Whatisthestorymainlyabout?Itisimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.,Woof！,Step2:Questionformsaboutthemainidea,1.Themainidea/topicofthepassageis_.2.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?4.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyconcerned(关于)about?,5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordstandfor?6.Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe_.7.Thepassagecouldbeentitled_.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?,Choosethequestionformsaboutthemainideaofaparagraphorapassage:_,主题类,标题类,1.2.4,6.7.8.,1Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.,总结：该段为_结构，主题句往往在_,有时在_会重申主题，构成_结构。,段尾,段首,总-分,总-分-总,Step3:Howtogetthemainidea,Themainideaoftheparagraphis_.,Welldone!,2Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcantbeboughtwithmoney.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Soyoushouldalwayssayyouarehappy.,总结：该段为_结构，主题句在_,往往出现在总结性的词so,therefore,asaresult等之_。,段尾,分-总,Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?,后,3.Somepeoplelikereading,andsomepeoplelikeswimming.Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,andtraveling.Infact,differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.MyfriendAnnstudiesveryhard.Soherhobbyisreadingallkindsofbooks.Tonylovesworkingwithherhands,andhishobbyisgardening.,总结：该段为_结构，主题句往往在_,如果段落中出现however,but,infact,actually等时，所在的句子往往就是_。,中间,主题句,分-总-分,Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlytalkabout?,如何归纳主旨大意第一招：可通过寻找_的方式归纳主旨大意,主题句可能在文章或段落_,中间或_,所以我们可以扫读文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和_,弄清文章或段落的_搜索主题信息。,主题句,开头,结尾,结构,尾句,Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Smokingisbadforhealth.B.Smokingwillincreasepollution.C.Smokingshouldbebanned.D.Smokingcancausefire.,Smokinginindoorpublicplacesincludingpublicworkingplaces,publictransportvehiclesandsomeotherspecialoutdoorworkingplaceshasbeenbanned(禁止)inChinasinceJanuary2011.Shouldsmokingbebannedinpublicplaces?Ofcourse,itshouldbe.First,banningsmokingwillnotonlyhelpinsavingsmokersfromhealthproblemsanddiseases,butwillalsobegoodforpassivesmokers.Next,banningsmokingwillputstressonsmokerstogiveup.Sinceasmokerispreventedfromsmoking.Atlast,smokingcigarettesaddstothepollutionoftheair,soifitisbanned,itwillhelpinsavingtheenvironmentfromfurtherdeterioration(恶化).,Everyonecanexperienceangersometimes.Butnoteveryonecancontrolitproperly.Tosomepeople,controllingangerseemslikethehardestthingintheworldtodo.Controlthesebytalkingtoyourselfinyourownmind,whenyouexperienceunwantedfeelings.Bytalkingitoverinyourownheadyoucanworkouthowyouwillbestdealwiththesituation.Angercontrolcanalsobeachievedbycommunicatingwithotherswithhonesty.Youcaneffectivelytrainyourselftorespondtosituationswithoutgettingannoyedaboutthings.Itisimportanttorememberitispossibleforeveryonetogetangryandtherefore,controllingitistherealchallenge.,Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Noteveryonecancontrolanger.B.Howtocontrolanger.C.Communicatingwithothersishelpful.D.Controllingangerischallenging.,文中重复出现的词为关键词，一般与主旨相关,如何归纳主旨大意第一招：可通过寻找_的方式归纳主旨大意,主题句可能在文章或段落_,中间或_,所以我们可以扫读文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和_,弄清文章或段落的_搜索主题信息。,主题句,开头,结尾,结构,尾句,第二招：当找不到全文的_时,抓住每段的_,和全文_词，概括出全文中心思想。,主题句,主题句,高频,Thereisnodifficultyintheworldifyouputyourheartintoit.,MothersDaywascoming,amanstoppedataflowershoptoordersomeflowerstobewired(电邮给)tohismotherwholivedtwohundredmilesaway.Ashegotoutofhiscar,henoticedayounggirlsobbing(啜泣).Heaskedherwhatwaswrongwithherandshereplied,“Iwantedtobuyaredroseformymother.ButIonlyhaveseventy-fivecents,andarosecoststwodollars.”Themansmiledandsaid,“Comeoninwithme.Illbuyyouarose.”Aftertheywentin,heboughtaroseforthelittlegirlandorderedflowersforhisownmother.Astheywereleaving,heofferedtoridethegirlhome.Shesaid,“Yes,please!Butcanyoutakemetomymother?”“Toyourmother?”themanwasalittlepuzzledbutdidntsayanything.Shedirectedhimtoacemetery(公墓),wheresheplacedtheroseonafreshlyduggrave(新坟).Themanwasshockedandreturnedtotheflowershop,canceled(取消)thewireorder,pickedupabunchofflowersanddrovethetwohundredmilestohismothershouse.,Heplannedtowiresomerosesforhismother.,Hehelpedagirlbuyaflowerforhermother.,Hefoundherflowerwasforherdeadmother.,Hesenttheflowersforhismotherhimself.,Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Movedbythegirl,themansenthismothertheflowershimselfonMothersDay.Amanhelpedagirltobuyaflowerforhermother.Weshouldoftenhelpothers.Weshouldloveourmothers.,如何归纳主旨大意第一招：可通过寻找_的方式归纳主旨大意,主题句可能在文章或段落_,中间或_,所以我们可以扫读文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和_,弄清文章或段落的_搜索主题信息。,主题句,开头,结尾,结构,尾句,第二招：当找不到全文的_时,抓住每段的_,和全文_词，概括出全文中心思想。,主题句,主题句,第三招：当找不到全文的_,而且段落的也没有_时,就要概括出_主题，从而推导出文章的_。,主题句,主题句,段落,主旨,高频,Whatisthemainidea?Thepandaisapopularanimal.Coldisseriousforchildren.C.Coldhasobvioussymptoms.D.Coldshouldbecuredatonce.,Thepandaisapopularanimal.StoriesaboutthepandaintheWashingtonZooarealwaysfrontpagenewsandimportantfeaturesontelevisionnewscasts.Stuffedpandasareamongthemostpopulartoysforchildren,andpandapostcardsarealwaysindemandinzoogiftshops.,Practicemakesperfect.,Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.Somefeelthattheyhaventeatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishandeatoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrains.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfastfood:ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.,Whatisthemainidea?_A.Somepeoplelikesteakorotherredmeat.B.Somepeoplelikefastfood.C.Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.D.Peopleshouldeathealthyfood.,Practicemakesperfect.,Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.,Whatisthemainidea?A.Cigarettesmokingcancausecancer.B.Smokingcancausethemostseriousandterribledisease.C.SmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblemsD.Smokingisharmful.,Practicemakesperfect.,Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance,Whatdoesthewritherwanttotellus?A.Theinnocentlooksmoreguilty.B.Theprofessionalcriminallooksinnocent.C.Amanknowseverythinglikestohidehisweekness.D.Weshouldntjudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.,Practicemakesperfect.,WeChat(微信)isamobiletextandvoicemessagingcommunicationservicedevelopedbyTencentinChina,firstreleasedinJanuary2011.WithWeChat,wecancommunicatewithfriendsbysendingtextmessages,voicemessages,wecanshareourphotosorvideos,shareourlocation,wecanevenchatwithlotsoffriendsatthesametime.Moreimportant,itisfreefortheusers.,Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat_.A.Thetoolsofchatting.B.WecanuseWechattochatwithlotsoffriends.C.ThefunctionsofWechat.D.Weshouldoftencommunicatewithfriends.,Practicemakesperfect.,TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.,Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat_.A.TomhadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears.B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.,Practicemakesperfect.,Foradultsacoldisnotthatserious.However,thisisnotthecaseforchildren.Coldsymptomsinchildrenmaybesignsofmoreseriousdiseasesandshouldbegivenpromptmedicalattention.,Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Coldisnotseriousforadults.B.Coldisseriousforchildren.C.Coldhasobvioussymptoms.D.Coldshouldbecuredatonce.,Practicemakesperfect.,Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcansatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.,Whatisthemainidea?A.Somestudentspreferastrictteacher.B.Nooneteachingmethodcansatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.C.Somestudentsprefertodoworkontheirown.D.Studentsshouldrespectteachers.,Practicemakesperfect.,Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightinadarknightifatire(轮胎)goesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhand.Acamper(野营者)alsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.,Whatisthemainidea?A.Aflashlightisusefuleveryday.B.Aflashlightisusefulindarksituations.C.Childrenareafraindofdarkness.D.Acamperneedsaflashlightwhenthecampfireisout.,Practicemakesperfect.,Magellans(麦哲伦)menwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.Magellansvoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.,Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.MagellansdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.MagellansVoyage,Practicemakesperfect.,Thereisasimpleeconomicprincipleusedtodetermineprices.Itiscalledthelawofsupplyanddemand.Supplymeanstheamountof,oraccessto,certaingoods.Demandrepresentsthenumberofpeoplewhowantthosegoods.Iftherearem