HND英语虚拟语气语法课件

虚拟语气Subjunctive,Tony.Zhao,ForHNDFurtherEducation,IwishI_(be)astallasyou.,were,IwishI_(be)amanlivingintheFarFarawayKindomwithoutHouses,Jobandwives.,were,Iwish/wishedI_(eat)somuchwatermelon.,hadnteaten,英语动词有种语气陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气,用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不太可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,三,虚拟语气的考点1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5、虚拟语气时态的判定。,if引导的虚拟条件句,区别:,Ifitrainstomorrow,thecropswillbesaved.,Ifitrainedtomorrow,thecropswouldbesaved.,陈述语气,虚拟语气,主从句的谓语形式,时间,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did/were,haddone,would/could/should/might+V.(原),would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.did/were2.shoulddo3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+V.(原),Ifyou_tomorrow,you_findthenewPurchasemanagerworkingnexttotheVPoffice.,shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might,Iftheregardingauthority_enoughcareinthisearlieraftertheaccident,theriverwouldnothavebeenpolluted.,putsputC.hadputD.hasput,Ifhe_，he_thatfood.,Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.,A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken,If虚拟句的倒装,万一下雨，我们将不得不推迟比赛。wewillhavetotracebackthepayment.,Incaseitgetsbankrupt,Incaseofgettingbankrupt,Ifitshouldgetbankrupt,Shoulditgetbankrupt,如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他,WereIyou,Hadhebeenthereyesterday,Shoulditsnowtomorrow,IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.,Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.,如果我是你，我会再试一次。,如果他昨天在那儿的话，他就会看那部电影了。,如果明天下雪，我们就不出去了。,1._theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.,A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass,2._fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.,A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive,名词性从句中的虚拟语气及几种虚拟语气特殊句型,1.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气,一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose(advice,suggestion,proposal)4.demand,require,request,desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,Mydemandisthatshe_(come)toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks(be)closeddown.Hesuggestedthatwe_(go)toBeijingforsightseeing.Theproposalthatwe(go)outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed.,(should)go,(should)come,(should)be,(should)go,表语从句,同位语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,注意：如suggest,insist用于其本意“暗示、表明“、”坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。,1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody_(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe_(be)seriouslyillandthat_(send)tohospitalsatonce.3.Hesuggestedthatwe_(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe_(be)ill.,obey,was,besent,have,was,2.Its(about/high)time+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.,Its(about)timethatwewenttobed.Itstimethatweshouldgotobed.,有时为了表达需要,并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过其他手段来代替条件句.,1.Iwasillthatday.0therwise,I_(take)partinthesportsmeet.2.I_(give)youmorehelp,butIwastoobusy.3.Amanwhostoppeddrinking_(be)deadinsevendays.4.Butforwater,it_(be)impossibletoliveinthedesert.,wouldhavetaken,mighthavegiven,wouldbe,wouldbe,虚拟语气时态的判定,注意:假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。,1.如果过去天气好的话，现在庄稼长得更好了Iftheweather_finer,thecrops_stillbetter.2.如果你听了老师的建议的话，你现在就不会在医院里了Ifyou_theteachersadvice,you_inthehospital.3.如果你身体状况好一些的话，我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作的Ifyouinbetterhealth,we_youtogotheretohelptheirwork.,hadbeen,couldhaveallowed,wouldbegrowing,hadfollowed,wouldntbe,were,PracticeFinishawritingpassage,accordingtotheChinesegiven.Jim刚刚做完左腿手术而被告诉一个月不能走动。他后悔如果前一天晚上没有玩电脑游戏，今天早晨就可以早点儿起床，也就不会因为怕迟到而撞倒致使自己住院了。妈妈也因为儿子没有按时睡觉而在责备他。同时Jim也在遗憾下周的运动会不能参加了，预想的400米冠军也不能得到了。,PracticeCompletethefollowingpassagewiththeverbsinbrackets,usingtheSubjunctiveMood.,Jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg.Hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths.Nowheregretswhathedid:Theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish.He(notwakeup)solatethatmorningifhe_(notstayup)latethenightbeforeplayingcomputergames.,wouldnthavewokenup,hadntstayedup,Jimsmotheragreed:”Ifmyson_(getup)halfanhourearlier,he_(notride)hisbikesocrazily.”JimsmotherblamedJiminfrontofthedoctor,”Ifhe_(follow)adviceandgonetobedearlier,he_(spend)moretimeonhiswaytoschoolandhe_(nothit)atreebythestreet.”,hadgotup,wouldnthaveridden,had,followed,couldhavespent,wouldthavehit,“Yes,indeed,Mum”answeredJiminalowvoice.“ButyouknowifI_(notnotice)thelittlegirlcrossingthestreetallofasudden,I_(knock)herdown.Myleg_(notinjure),andinsteadofmethegirl_(take)tohospital.,hadntnoticed,wouldhaveknocked,wouldhavebeeninjured,wouldhavebeentaken,Lyinginbed,Jimkeptonsaying“HowIwishI_(be)morecareful,Mum!”Itwastruethatifthisaccidenthadnothappened,Jim_(find)himselfsittingintheclassroomenjoyinghisclass.Andit_(be)possibleevenforhimtowinthe400-meterraceinthesportscompetitionifhe_(join)themthenextweek.,hadbeen,wouldfound,wouldbe,couldjoin,Jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg.Hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths.Nowheregretswhathedid:Theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish.He(notwakeup)solatethatmorningifhe_hadntstayedup_(notstayup)latethenightbeforeplayingcomputergames.Jimsmotheragreed:”Ifmyson_hadgotup_(getup)halfanhourearlier,he_wouldnthaveridden_(notride)hisbikesocrazily.”JimsmotherblamedJiminfrontofthedoctor,”Ifhe_hadfollowed_(follow)adviceandgonetobedearlier,hecouldhavespentmoretime(spend)onhiswaytoschoolandhe_wouldthavehit_(nothit)atreebythestreet.”Yes,indeed,Mum”answeredJiminalowvoice.”ButyouknowifI_hadntnoticed_(notnotice)thelittlegirlcrossingthestreetallofasudden,I_wouldhaveknocked_(knock)herdown.Myleg_wouldhavebeeninjured_(notinjure),andinsteadofmethegirl_wouldhavebeentaken_(take)tohospital.Lyinginbed,Jimkeptonsaying”HowIwishI_h