马文保公开课演示文稿

定语从句,第一部分,定语从句的引入通过讲解定语引入定语从句,定语,对名词和代词进行修饰、限制的成分，叫定语英语中可以用单个的词，短语或句子做定语,1.单个的词做定语，多数前置，有时后置,例如：一个有趣的故事aninterestingstory美味的食物deliciousfood奇怪的事情somethingstrange,2.短语作定语包括介词短语，分词短语，不定式短语等必须后置,例如：墙上的画thepictureonthewall在隔壁唱歌的女生thegirlsinginginthenextroom去年建的房子thehousebuiltlastyear明天要参加的会议ameetingtoattendtomorrow,Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear.,先行词,定语从句,关系代词,3.这就是他去年买的那辆车,3.句子作定语-定语从句，必须后置,第二部分,讲解定语从句,定语从句：,由一个句子充当定语,即在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,定语从句的位置：,放在被修饰的名词或代词后,先行词：,引导词：,引导定语从句的词关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,as关系副词when,where,why,被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,指人,作主语,作宾语,作定语,指物,既指人也指物,whothat,whomwhothat,whose,thatwhich,thatwhich,whose,that,that,whose,作表语,that,that,that,关系代词的指代和作用,whose指物时,可以与ofwhich调换,关系代词作宾语可省略,引导定语从句关系代词的用法：,1)Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.,2)Thenoodlesthat/whichIcookedweredelicious.,3)Letsaskthemanthat/whoisreadingthebookoverthere.,4)Thegirlwhom/who/thatwesawyesterdayisJimssister.,(主语),(宾语),(主语),(宾语),指人whom/who/that都可作宾语，whom为最好选择,5)Thatsthemanwhosehousewasburneddown.,(定语),第三部分：练习定语从句,合并句子：合并成含定语从句的复合句,Iliketheboy.,(1)Heissingingnow.Iliketheboy_issingingnow.我喜欢正唱歌的男生。(2)Everyoneinourclasshelpshim.Iliketheboy_everyoneinourclasshelps.我喜欢我们班的人都帮助的那男生。(3)Hisparentsarebothteachers.Iliketheboy_parentsarebothteachers.我喜欢他父母都是教师的那男生。,who,whom,whose,(4).Illneverforgettheday.Iwasbornontheday.,IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIwasborn.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIwasborn.我永远不会忘记我出生的日子。,(5).Thisisthefactory.Heworkedinittwoyearsago.,Thisisthefactorywhichheworkedintwoyearsago.Thisisthefactoryinwhichheworkedtwoyearsago.Thisisthefactorywhereheworkedtwoyearsago.这就是我两年前工作过的工厂。,Jointwosentencesintoone(合并句子)Thisisthefactory.Wevisiteditlastweek.,1.Thisisthefactorythatwevisitedlastweek.,Thefilmisinteresting.Theysawitlastnight.,2.Thefilmwhichtheysawlastnightisinteresting.,Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydontworkhard.,3.Thestudentswhodontworkhardwillnotpasstheexam.,定语从句翻译练习,1）住在我们隔壁的人是卖水果的。Themansellsfruit.2）飞机是会飞的机器。Aplaneisamachine3）我永远不会忘记我入党的日子。Illneverforgettheday,wholivesnexttous,thatcanfly.,whenIjoinedtheParty.,onwhich,如何选择关系代词，关系副词引导定语从句,一看先行词是指代人还是指物，whowhichthatthatwhomwhosewhose二看先行词的含义在从句中所做的成分作主、宾、表、定选关系代词作状语选关系副词(whenwherewhy),Fillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory_hisfatherworksislarge.5.Illneverforgetthetime_weworkedonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse_welivedlastyear.,that/which,when/onwhich,that/which,where,when/atwhich,where/inwhich,归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.,3.Thehouse_theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.,练习一Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.,1.Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.,2.Wedontknowthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake.,that/which,that/who,which/that,6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.,4.Ahouse_isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake.,5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.,which/that,whom/who/that,whose,7.Theman_Isawtoldmetowait.8.Themanto_Ispokewasaforeigner.9.Iknowaboy_fatherisanacrobat.(杂技演员)10.Hesawahouse_windowswereallbroken.,whom,whom,whose,whose,1.Thegirl_yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as,A,2.Thisisthebestbook_Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./,D,3.Theboy_hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor,D,4.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_thefamousscientistwasborn?A.whereB.inthatC.thatD.which,A,5.Isthisfactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?theoneB.thatC.whichD./,A,练习三改错练习,1.Thisfrightenedboywhomotherwaslostinthedisasterislookingforhernow.2.HelikedthethingsandpeoplewhichhemetintheUSA。3.Doyouknowthestudentswhoisplayingtheviolin?4.Peterlivesinahousewhichwindowfacessouth?,Whowhose,which-that,Is-are或students-student,which-whose,1.Thatbookthatyouwantitisonthedesk.,2.Isthisfactorythatwevisitedlastweek?,theone,Thisfactoryistheonewevisitedlastweek?,3.Heisthepersonforwhomyouarelooking.,for,4.ThepersontowhomyoutalkedisLily.,ThepersonwhomyoutalkedtoisLily.归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复2定语从句要避免漏用先行词3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,that和which的区别,that做关系代词，既可指人，也可指物which只能指物2.that只能引导限制性定语从句，而which可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句3.that指物，可用于多种场合，which则不能（有专项练习）,1.IvereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.,whichthat或去掉which。当先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little等修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。,2.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.,whichthat或去掉which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或theonly,thevery等所修饰时,常用that引导定语从句。,3.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.,如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用that引导定语从句。,that,4.Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest.,当先行词为something,anything,everything,nothing,all等时,常由that引导定语从句。,whichthat或去掉which。,练习四用适当的关系代词填空1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything_Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_isreadingunderthetree?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that和which的区别练习,11.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether12.Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what13.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it14.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom,A,B,B,B,15.Thereisnodictionary_youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat16.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten17.Hewrotealettertome,tellingmeeverything_hesawonthewaytoParis.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where18.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it,A,A,B,A,19.Isthereanything_