高中英语特殊句式

倒装句,反意疑问句,插入语,强调句型,感叹句,省略句,特殊句式,倒装,完全倒装,部分倒装,谓语部分全部提前到主语之前,只将助动词、系动词或者情态动词提前到主语之前,完全倒装,1.here,there,now,thus,then位于句首，动词又为be,go,come等，应完全倒装。,来了一辆2路汽车。,_aNo.2bus.,起飞的命令到了,_theordertotakeoff,Then,came,Here,2.以away,off,out,in,up,down,on等方位副词开头，且动词为表“移动”的词：go,come,leave,fly,rush,fall,drop等,用全部倒装,冲出了一条狗,_adog.,Out,rushed,comes,(09福建）,Foramomentnothinghappened.Then_allshoutingtogether.A.voiceshadcomeB.camevoicesC.voiceswouldcomeD.didvoicescome,B,3.当表示地点的介词词组位于句首，并且主语为名词，谓语为不及物动词时，用完全倒装。,1.Inthedarkforests_,somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(2005辽宁,35)A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstand,B,唐山的南面有一个大湖泊。,SouthofTangshanliesabiglake.,4.完全倒装也用于“表语+连系动词+主语”中。注意：这种结构中主语较长,e.g.妇女被看不起的日子一去不复返了,_thedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.,Gone,are,完全倒装中应注意的是：,1)当主语为代词时动词不提前,！,Outrushedhe!,2)只用一般现在时或一般过去时,Correctthefollowing:,Outherushed!,Therewasthetraingoing.,Therewentthetrain.,部分倒装(1),如果never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,atnotime,notonce,bynomeans,not和notuntil等否定意义的副词或连词或短语位于句首时，要用部分倒装。,NotuntilIcamehomelastnight_tobed.A.MumdidgoB.didMumgoC.wentMumD.Mumwent,B,2)我一个字没说呀,NotasingleworddidIsay!,(09四川）,2.表示“刚刚就”Nosoonerthan,和hardlywhen,结构中，要用部分倒装。,他刚刚出去就开始下雨了,Hardlyhadhegoneoutwhenitbegantorain.=,Nosoonerhadhegoneoutthanitbegantorain.,3.Only+状语置于句首时用部分倒装。注意:only+状语从句置于句首时，其主句部分倒装,Correctthefollowing:,1)Onlycantheteachersentertheroom.,2)Onlywhenthewarendedhewasabletowork.,washe,4.在句型“sothat”和“suchthat”中，如果so或such提前放在句首时，前半句半倒装后半句不倒装;notonlybutalso连接分句时，notonly所引导的分句倒装。,Sosudden_thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.(09山东）A.didtheattackB.theattackdidC.wastheattackD.theattackwas.Sodifficult_ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(2006广东,33)IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfound,C,B,3)Notonlyeverythingwastakenfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.改错,waseverything,5.在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，可表语，动词状语提前，若从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。,._,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.(2005重庆,27)AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemaybeD.Quietashemaybeastudent._,Carolinacouldntgetthedooropen.(2005广东,23)A.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.Mightsheastry,B,A,(3)Unsatisfied_withthepayment,hetookthejobjusttogetsomeworkexperience.(09重庆）,A.thoughwasheB.thoughhewas,C.hewasthoughD.washethough,B,6.“So/neither/nor+be/助动词或情态动词+主语”构成部分倒装，表示“另一方也如此”；但是如果只把So/nor等提前构成：so/nor/neither+主语+be等，其含义为：“确实”，所谈论的主语是同一人或物。,e.g.1)他去过纽约几次，我也去过。,HehasbeentoNewYorkseveraltimes.,SohaveI.,2)-Itissocoldtoday.,-Soitisandsowasityesterday.,确实冷,昨天也冷,.-Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment.(2006江西,31)-_A.SoyoudidB.SoIdonotC.SodidyouD.SodoI.Father,youpromised!(2005湖北,34)Well,_.Butitwasyouwhodidntkeepyourwordfirst.A.sowasIB.sodidIC.soIwasD.soIdid,A,D,倒装小结,全部倒装1_2_3_4_,部分倒装1_2_3_4_5_6_,Itis/was+被强调成分+that+句子其他部分,强调句型,有时态变化,通常为主语、宾语和状语,被强调部分为人时，可以用who,去掉itisthat句子仍然完整,判断,一般疑问,特殊疑问,1.Itwasinthiswaythathecouldfinishtheworksoquickly.,2.ItisIthatiscompletelyright.,3.ItwasafterbeingbeatenforsixtimesthatheandhismendrovetheEnglishoutofScotland.,4.Itisthenthatthenewtypeofcamerawasdeveloped.,5.ItweremyclassmatesthathelpedmewheneverIwasintrouble.,6.Itwasthishotelthatwestayedlastnight.,Judge,am,was,was,at,强调句型的一般疑问句,ItwasbythetimehewasfourteenthatEinsteinhadalreadytaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.,ItwasEinsteinthathadalreadytaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.,WasitbythetimehewasfourteenthatEinsteinhad?,WasitEinsteinthathadalready?,强调句型的特殊疑问句,Itwasinthiswaythathecouldfinishtheworksoquickly.,Itwasthelonglowwhistlethatshewouldhearatnight.What,ItwasafterbeingbeatenforsixtimesthatheandhismendrovetheEnglishoutofScotland.,_wasitthathecouldfinish?,_wasitthatshewouldhear?,_wasitthatheandhismendrove?,How,What,When,强调句型的特殊疑问句,Wheredidyoubuythebook?,Whatmadethelittleboysoangry?,Idontknowwhat.,Wherewasitthatyouboughtthebook?,Whatwasitthatmadethelittleboysoangry?,Idontknowwhatitwasthatmadethelittleboysoangry.,Itwasnotuntilshegothome_Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.(2006全国II）A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before,Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired_herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.(2006辽宁）A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as,It_wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks_Ifoundwehadalotincommon.(07)wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasntuntilwhenD.wasntuntil;that,B,A,D,-Wheredidyougettoknowher?-Itwasonthefarm_weworked.(07山东）A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where,Idontknow_itwas_madehimfromattendingthemeeting?,thereason/B.whybecauseC.whatthatD.why/,D,C,插入语,1.“主语+think(believe,say,imagine,suppose,suggest,expect,consider,guess等)”用做插入语，,形式：,判断准则：,去掉插入语句子成分仍然完整。,“do+主语+think(believe,say,imagine,suppose,suggest,expect,consider等)”在特殊疑问句中放在疑问词后用做插入语，,-Do_youthinkisright,whateverotherssay.-Yes,Iwill.A.thatB.whatC.whichD./,去掉插入语后，看从句中缺少什么成分再进行选择,肯定句,B,疑问句,注意插入语后不再加连词。,1.你认为他们什么时候回来？,Whendoyoubelievetheywillbeback?,改错,1）Whodoyoubelievethatwillwinthegame?,2)Thescientisthadmadeanotherdiscovery,whatIbelieveisofgreatimportance.,which,定语从句中也常用插入语，注意结构分析,Allfinished,wesatdowntoenjoy_wethoughtthemostdeliciousdinner.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.if,Wheredoyousuggestwe(should)goduringthesummerholiday?,注意：当插入语部分含有suggest时，句子的谓语部分要用shoulddo,should可以省略。,请注意,C,1.Hewasafooltohaveeverleftthem,hethought.2.Whatisit,doyouthink?3.Itmustcostagooddealtolivehere,dontyouthink?4.Theviewheputforward,Ithink,isworthpayingattentionto.,其他形式的插入语,Readthefollowing,1.ThepenI_I_isonmydesk,rightundermynose.A.think,lostB.thought,hadlostC.think,hadlostD.thought,havelost2.OnthebusIsawastudent_Ithoughtwasyourbrother.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whoever,Practice,B,A,3._firstintheswimmingcompetition?A.WhomdoyouthinkcameB.WhoyouthinkdidcomeC.WhodoyouthinkcameoutD.Whodidyouthinkcome4._besenttoworkthere?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould,C,A,感叹句,感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般由how或what开头。,用whathow填空，然后归纳句型结构：,_newsyouhavetoldus!,2._greatprogresshehasmade!,3._longriverstheyare!,4._atalltreeitis!,5._deepaholethisis!,6._deliciousthefoodis!,7._sadthenewsis!,What,What,What,How,How,How,What,8._Iloveyou-beautifulgirl!,How,归纳：1.What可以修饰？,so/too/as/how,such,2.what的结构用法和_一样？,1）U2)C3)pl4)a/an+N,3.How在感叹句中的用法有,?,?,4.与how的结构用法相似的有?,?,Translatethefollowing:,1）这棵树太高了爬不上去,Thisistootallatreetoclimb.,2）这条河流和那条一样长。,Thisisaslongariverasthatone.,3)他是如此努力的学生，我们都佩服他。,Sohardworkingastudentishethatweadmirehim.,反意疑问句,1)YouandIcouldhardlyworktogether,_?A.couldyouB.couldntIC.couldntweD.couldwe,(09湖南),D,2)Hemustbehelpingtheoldmantowatertheflowers,_?A.isheB.isntheC.mustheD.mustnthe,B,反意疑问句,完成句子并归纳用法：YouhaveneverreadMarkTwainsstories,_?Hehasfewfriendshere,_?Helookunhappytoday,_?Youdislikefootball,_?,归纳一：陈述部分带有否定意义的词时，视为否定句，如:seldom/never/hardly/rare/nothing/little/few等，附加部分用肯定形式。但是带有通过加后缀，前缀构成的否定意义的词时，视为肯定句，附加部分用否定形式。,haveyou,hashe,doesnthe,dontyou,Comeinandsitdown,_?Givemeahand,_?Dontmakesomuchnoise,_?Letushaveanothertry,_?但是：Letstakeabreak,_?,will/wontyou,will/wontyou,willyou,willyou,shallwe,归纳二:肯定形式的祁使句,+willyou或wontyou?否定形式的祁使句,+willyou?,Hesaidthathewaslateforschoolthismorning,_?2.Tomdidntturnupuntilwewereabouttoleave,_?3.ItsthefirsttimethathehasvisitedBeijing,_?但是:Ibelieve/think/suppose/imagine/expectthathehastoldalie,_?,didnthe,didhe,isntit,hasnthe,归纳三:在主从复合句中,附加部分应根据主句部分确定但在Ibelieve/think/suppose/imagine/expect/Iamsure等主从复合句中，根据从句确定注意:主语必须是I/we和否定转移.,情态动词表推测时的反意疑问句:Hemustbeadoctor,_?Hemusthavereadthebook,_?Hemusthaveseenthefilmlastnight,_?Youmusthavestayedhereforfivedays,_?Themanmusthavebeenasoldierwhenhewasyoung,_?,isnthe,hasnthe,didnthe,haventyou,归纳四：must表推测时，附加部分视具体情况而定要特别注意must后跟的动词,be还是do.,wasnthe,省略,省略可分词法、句法和替代三种形式,一、词法省略：,改错：IhadagoodtimeatMrSmith.,1.名词所有格后的名词指商店、住宅、办公室等地点时可以省略这些名词,Theteachercamein,abookinhand,2.独立结构中常用“名词+介词+名词”的结构,Smiths,Therainyweatherhaslastedawholeweek,3.last“持续”，时间状语前可省介词for。,4.动词不定式中注意：1）并列结构中为了避免重复常省略to。2）当两个不定式有对照或对比时则后一个to不省。3）在why,whynot所引导的特殊疑问句中省略to,而直接加动词原形。4)介词but或except前如有do/does/did包括do的完成形式时，省略but后的to。,改错：,a:Imreallypuzzledwhattothinkortosay.,b:Icamenottoscol