高考英语语法名词性从句.1ppt课件

.,句子分类,句子,简单句,复合句,四种,句子结构,形容词性从句,副词性从句,名词性从句,陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句,主谓主谓宾主谓宾宾补主谓双宾主系表,定语从句,状语从句,宾语从句表语从句主语从句同位语从句,并列句,and/but/so,.,名词性从句,.,引导名词性从句的关联词,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。推广所有定义。,连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what,whatever等连接副词how,why,when,where,however,wherever等单纯性连接词that,whether,if,becauseasif/asthough（不充当从句的任何成分）等,.,在名词性从句中一律用陈述句语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。其实所有的从句中都要用陈述句语序。,Theproblemiswhathehasdonetothelittleboy.,.,1.主语从句,在句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。,主语从句通常由单纯性连接词that，whether和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever等以及连接副词how,when,where,why等引导。,.,that在从句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。,.,Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.,WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.,Thathestoleabikewastrue.,Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.,.,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。,Whenhewasbornhasnotbeenfound.,Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.,.,有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放句首，而把主语从句置句末。,Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.,.,用it作形式主语的结构Itis名词从句ItisagoodthingthatItisapitythatItisanhonorthat非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识(2)Itis形容词从句(多用should)Itisnatural/urgent/necessary/surprising/strangethat,.,(3)It不及物动词从句Itseemsthat似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧Itappearsthat似乎(4)Itis过去分词从句Itisreportedthat据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实Itissaidthat据说,.,主语从句(填入恰当的连接词）Discussinpairs,andthenfillintheblanks.1._hesaidisright.2._hefailedtheexammadehisfathersad.3._hecameornotisnoneofmybusiness.4._wewillgohasntbeendecided.何时/地5._hassavedthedrowninggirlisworthpraising.（无论谁）6.Itisimpossible_hecancommitacrime.7._thishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.怎么样8._hegaveupracingisapuzzle.为什么,What,That,Whether,When/Where,Whoever,that,How,Why,.,2.宾语从句,用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。,宾语从句只出现在两个地方，要么是及物动词后面，要么是介词后面。,宾语从句通常由单纯性连接词that，whether，if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever等以及连接副词how,when,where,why等引导。,.,1.)由单纯性连接词that引导的宾语从句,由单纯性连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，常可省去，但有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,从第二个宾语从句开始that不可省略。,Hehastoldme（that）hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.Hesaid（that）hecouldgoandthathisparentswouldntcome.,.,2)用whether或if引导的宾语从句,whether和if均可引导动词后的宾语从句，常可互换。但从句中有ornot时或介词后的宾语从句时只能用whether引导。其它名词性从句，如：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether.一句话，所有情况都可以用whether引导，只有vt后的宾语从句且没有ornot时才可用if引导。,.,3)当主句是I/Wethink(suppose,expect,believe,guess,imagine)时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定形式，常把否定词not从从句中转移到主句中成为否定前移。,Wedontbelievethathewillwinthegame.,Idontthinkhewilldoso.,.,3.表语从句,在句中作表语的句子叫表语从句。,表语从句通常由单纯性连接词that，whether，asif，asthough，because和连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever等以及连接副词how,when,where,why等引导，表语从句只出现在一个位置，连系动词后，其基本结构为：主语+系动词+表语从句,.,Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.,ThatsjustwhatIwant.,Thisiswhereourproblemlies.,Thatiswhyhedidntcometothemeeting.,Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.,Thisisbecausehemissedthetrainbyoneminute.,.,注意：当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。,Thereasonwasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.,.,4.同位语从句,同位语从句说明其前面名词的具体内容。,同位语从句通常跟在news,idea,fact,truth,thought,belief，problem，question等名词后面，用来解释说明该名词所表示的具体内容。,.,同位语从句和定语从句的区别：,that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不能省略。,.,Thefactthattheywillacceptmeisreal.,Thefactthatcanprovehisinnocenceliesinyourtellingusthetruth.,(that引导同位语从句,不能省略）,(that引导定语从句，作主语，不能省略）,Ihavenoideathatyoupassedyourdrivingtest.,Idontknowthatyoupassedyo