高考英语《完形填空答题技巧及训练》PPT课件

英语复习专题,完形填空,完型填空之能力训练目标：词语辨析能力语法结构分析能力语篇理解能力逻辑推理能力文化背景透析能力作者意图剖析能力生活常识综合运用能力,题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章.内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨.考察近义词语细微差别的辨析.考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词等.关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力.侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑.,完型填空特点:,完形填空总体要求,完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。解题过程是对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。,解题方法：,总的原则:“先完意，后完形”。,八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。,三步曲：读填读,三步答题,Step1Skip(跳读)thepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence.,Intheclozetest,thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence(首句).Ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.(完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）,Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.(在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案),Fourmethods(四种常用的方法)：,1、context(上下文语境)2、worddistinctionsorcollocations(词语辨析和固定搭配)3、informationgiveninthepassage(利用文章中的信息-原词复现、近义词和反义词等)4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense(文化背景和常识),Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）,Tips:1.thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate(时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致)2.grammarandcollocations(语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致)3.theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs(段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4.themeaningofthewholepassage(整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理),完形填空之九大解题技巧,利用首句来解题,Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14,hesaid,“Yourenevergoingtobe37(anything)butafailure.”36.A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful,2.根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题,Ourfatherwasastruggling36(lawyer),butIalwaysknewhewas37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praise,PracticeHisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.43.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.joked44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker,常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；递进关系：besides,whatsmore,further;转折关系：but,while,however等。,3.利用语篇的标志性的词语解题,Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)_1_vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.1.A.disappointingB.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important,_,andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange_37_quitepleasanttaste.37.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or,4.根据逻辑推理解题,Studentsgenerallyappreciatethesespecial50opportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors51themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.50.A.workingB.livingC.teachingD.learning51.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discover,Practice,Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.AdryBdistantCdesertedDwild,5.根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择,Iwentintoacafandaskedforacoffee.21Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed22(loneliness).ABeforeBSinceCAlthoughDWhile,6.从语法角度来解题,1)Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming_1_.Soheshouldnthavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall2)SoItriedhardwithmywritingandwenttocollege.Myfirstnovel45whileIwasatcollege.45.A.cameonB.cameinC.cameoutD.cameback,7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题,8.利用词汇的复现解题,Howdoesatoothgobad?The51beginsinalittlecrackintheenamel(珐琅）coveringofthetooth.Thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere.Thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth.Intheend,poisongoesintoblood,andwemayfeelquiteill.51.A.destructionB.decayC.faultD.hurt,上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。空51和红体单词在意义上是一致的，属于同义词复现现象。,.Iraisedthepistolandfired.Theanimalfellbackwardswithanangrycry.Fathertookthe_38_smokingpistolfrommyhand,andfiredanothershot,whichkilledthegorilla.38.A.stillB.yetC.evenD.already,9.利用语气副词的情景解题,完形填空之实战训练,Aredreamsofanyusetothedreamerortoanybodyelse?Wemayrememberthetravelerwho_1_theshipWaratahatDurbanbecauseofhisterrible_2_.TheWaratahlaterdisappearedentirely,witheveryoneon_3_.Thetravelersdreamshelpedhimandsavedhimfrom_4_,buttheydidnthelptheotherpeople.Whywasthismantreated_5_fromeveryoneelse?,1.A.leftB.gotC.droveD.enter2.A.ideasB.suggestionsC.dreamsD.words3.A.boardB.shipC.seaD.deck4.A.lifeB.deathC.illnessD.disease5.A.similarlyB.differentlyC.strangelyD.unfortunately,left,board,death,differently,dreams,Anotherman_6_hadadreamabouttheBlackForestinGermany.Inhisdreamhewaswalkingintheforest_7_twomenranoutandtriedtothrowhimtothe_8_.Heranoffasfastashecould,buttheyfollowed.Hereachedaplace_9_hesawtwo_10_roadsinfrontofhim,onetotherightandtheothertotheleft.Whichroadoughtheto_11_?,6.A.aloneB.onceC.stillD.even7.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when8.A.floorB.earthC.soilD.ground9.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.who10.A.sameB.separateC.dividedD.crossed11.A.takeB.bringC.carryD.go,句型,下文有暗示,宾语,separate,where,ground,when,once,take,Heheardthetwomen_12_him,gettingnearerandatthesametimeheheardavoiceinhisear.Ittoldhimtogotothe_13_,andhedidso.Heranonandsooncametoasmallhotel.Hewas_14_herekindlyandgivenaroom,andsohewas_15_fromthetwomen.Thatwasthedream.,12.A.nexttoB.infrontofC.besideD.behind13.A.houseB.hotelC.leftD.right14.A.acceptedB.receivedC.refusedD.closed15.A.killedB.murderedC.savedD.robbed,behind,right,下文有暗示,received,saved,16.A.exactlyB.reallyC.sincerelyD.actually17.A.happenedB.performedC.actedD.chose18.A.forgotB.rememberedC.missedD.noticed19.A.arrivedB.leftC.reachedD.got20.A.agoB.beforeC.laterD.after,Twentyyearslaterhewas_16_intheBlackForestandasit_17_inthedreamlongbe