高考英语完形填空基本解题技巧指导课件

1,完形填空一,2,解题方法：,总的原则:“先完意，后完形”。,八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。,三步曲：读填读,3,三步答题,Step1Skip(跳读)thepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentence.,Intheclozetest,thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence(首句).Ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.(完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）,4,Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.(在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案),5,Fourmethods(四种常用的方法)：,1、context(上下文语境)2、worddistinctionsorcollocations(词语辨析和固定搭配)3、informationgiveninthepassage(利用文章中的信息-原词复现、近义词和反义词等)4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense(文化背景和常识),6,Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.（将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查）,7,Tips:1.thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate(时态语态，主谓语在上下文中是否一致)2.grammarandcollocations(语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致)3.theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs(段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4.themeaningofthewholepassage(整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理),8,2.注意句与句、段与段之间的起承转合，把握事件发生、发展的顺序和内在联系及文章中的连接词准确判断逻辑关系。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如平行关系、转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。,一、行文逻辑1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词和句。这些词可能是原词、同根词、同义词、近义词、反义词或概括词的复现。,9,1).WhenIenteredBerkeley,IhopedtoearnascholarshipThelasthurdle(障碍)wasthefinal.Nomatterwhat48Igot,itwouldntcancelthreeC-pluses.Imightaswellkissthe49goodbye.Iwasspeechlesswhenmycoursegradearrived:A-plus.ItwastheonlyA-plusgiven.ThenextyearIreceivedmyscholarship.IvealwaysrememberedProfessorJayneslesson:youalonemustsetyourownstandardofexcellence.(北京卷)48.A.gradeB.answerC.lessonD.comment49.A.scholarshipB.courseC.degreeD.subject,10,2)(NMET)MysisterandIgrewupinalittlevillageinEngland.Ourfatherwasastruggling36,butIalwaysknewhewas37.36.A.biologistB.managerC.lawyerD.gardener37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned,henevercriticizedus,butused38(praise)tobringoutourbestfathersaid:“whenIwas23,mydadpersuadedmetogointolaw”.,11,3).ThenIhadtowalkseveralblocksintheincreasinglyheavyrain.WhenIfinallygottomyoffice,Iwas47through,exhaust-edand48.(山东卷)47).A.wetB.weakC.sickD.hurt48).A.ashamedB.discouragedC.surprisedD.puzzled,12,4)WhenItookthefirstexam,Iwas38tofinda77,C-plus,onmytestpaper,39Englishwasmybestsubject.IwenttoProfessorJayne,Wholistenedtomyargumentsbutremained40.(北京卷)38.A.shockedB.worriedC.scaredD.anxious39.A.butB.soC.forD.or40.A.unchangedB.unpleasantC.unfriendlyD.unmoved,13,5）.Jenna,apopulargirlfromWestwoodMiddleSchool,hadgraduatedfirstinherclassandwasreadyfornew16inhighschool.17,highschoolwasdifferent.(天津卷)16.A.processesB.decisionsC.challengesD.exercises17.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Besides,14,二、固定搭配,2.同义词、近义词、形近词的辨析及转换词的辨析。,1.注意固定搭配中动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等;同时要根据内容选择正确的答案。,15,1).Awomaninhersixtieslivedaloneinherlittlecottagewithapeartreeatthedoor.Shespentallhertimetakingcareofthetree.Butthechildrennearbydroveher21bymakingfunofher.Theywouldclimbhertreeandthenrunawaywithpears,22“AuntyMisery”ather.(陕西卷)21.A.hopelessB.painfulC.dullD.crazy22.A.callingB.shoutingC.announcingD.whispering,16,2).Ontheroadoflife,thehelpofstrangerscan37ourloadsandliftourspirits(重庆卷)37.A.moveB.increaseC.lightenD.carry3).I40tobeoneofthepeopleonthewaytoworkthatmorning.Iwentfromsubwaylinetosubwaylinetofindthatmost(service)41hadstopped.(山东卷)40.A.usedB.promisedC.deservedD.happened,17,4).ThetechniqueMooteeusestotreatpeoplewithOCDiscalledcognitive-behavioraltherapy(认知行为疗法).“Itisbasedonthegeneralideathatpeoplehavetheabilitytochangethe45theythinkandbehave,”saysMootee.45.A.wayB.methodC.solutionD.means5).“Givemeahand,”heshouted_hegotneartheboat.A.whileB.tillC.forD.as,18,changethe45theythinkandbehave.,changetheway(inwhich/that)theythinkandbehave.,Eg.Thereisno_youcouldeverdoit.A.WayB.moneyC.oneD.idea,Thereisnoway(inwhich/that)youcouldeverdoit.,19,6).Giventherighttools,wecantrainourbrainstoactlikewhattheydidwhenwewereyounger.Allthats50isthepracticedesignedforthepurpose:afewexercisesforthemind.50.A.requiredB.inquiredC.acquiredD.requested7).WhenSaturdaynightcame,Iwasluckily39thetablesnotfarfromthekitchen.40,Istillfeltalittlehardtocarrytheheavytrays(托盘).(全国卷I)39.A.leftB.givenC.broughtD.shown40.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Finally,_methetables,20,三、文化背景和生活常识,完形填空试题的阅读材料常以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间渗透着各种相关的常识，从人文科学到历史、地理知识等。我们在做题时，要积极地调动自己所掌握的文化背景和生活常识，注意中西文化的差异，并巧妙地运用文化背景和生活常识，从而大大的简化分析与判断过程。,21,1).shewascompetingagainstverytalentedgirls,andsheknewitwouldbe18forhertobeselected.Twohourslater,the19readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout(天津卷)18.A.difficultB.easyC.boringD.interesting19.A.editorB.bossC.candidateD.judge,2).Iwasasingleparentoffoursmallchildren,workingatalow-paidjob.Moneywasalwaystight,butwehada36overourheads,foodonthetable,clothesonourbacks,andifnotalot,always37(辽宁卷)36.A.roofB.hatC.skyD.star37.A.littleB.lessC.enoughD.more,22,3).Highschoolwasjustashermomhadsaid:“Youwillfeellikeasmallfishinabigpond34abigfishinasmallpond.”(天津卷)A.inreturnforB.incaseofC.intermsofD.insteadof,23,Consolidation.,24,1).Manyoldpeopledonthavegood_.TheycantwatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.A.hearingB.healthC.eyesightD.time2)Atfirstnothinghappened,_suddenlyalargeratrushedoutoftheA.andB.orC.soD.then3).Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering.ThisistrueinthetalesabouttheChangeling.Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents.(广东卷)21.A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen22.A.powerfulB.cruelC.frightenedD.extraordinary23.A.sickB.slimC.shortD.small24.A.uncomfortableB.unbelievableC.unacceptedD.unrecognizable,C.,D.,C.,B.,A.,D,25,4）Oneevening,apasser-byaskedto23forthenight.Seeingthathehadan24face,shelethiminandgavehimanice25.ThenextmorningthestrangerOnedayanotherman33herdoor.Thisonedidnotlooktrustworthytoher,34sheaskedwhohewas(陕西卷)23.A.stayB.liveC.hideD.lie24.A.interestingB.honestC.anxiousD.angry25.A.giftB.kissC.treatD.smile33.A.steppedB.leftforC.stoppedatD.walkedaround34.A.soB.butC.althoughD.because,A,B,C,C,A,26,1).Itwas4oclockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.MrsClarkewas_teaatthetime.A.cookingB.makingC.burningD.serving2).Marl_downandhelpedtheboypikeupthesearticles.A.fellB.satC.layD.knelt3).Bobhadmadea“motherhoodcontract”declaringthatfor70daysthissummerhewould_thecareoftheirfourchildrenandallthehousework.A.sticktoB.setaboutC.thinkaboutD.takeover4).Whenitwas5:00pm,Iwasreadytogohome.Iwasabouttoturnoffmycomputer49IreceivedanemailfromGarth,myDirector:49.A.whileB.whenC.whereD.after,B,D,D,B,27,5).Suchpatientscanbeextremelygoodatsomethingelse.Fromthechangingexpressionsonspeakersfacesandthetonesoftheir_,theycantellliesfromtruths.A.soundsB.noisesC.voicesD.shouts6).WhenFridayfinallyarrived,Ihadto46CassiesEggForceOnelookedprettygood.47,myEgg-cellentEggdidntlookquitescientific.Wekidscarriedourcontainersupthreestadiumstepsanddroppedthemoverthesidewall(全国卷I)46A.explainB.denyC.admitD.prove47.A.ThereforeB.AnywayC.OtherwiseD.Besides7).Thatdayhetoldhisfather10(what)hehadbeenwaitingtoheart