高考语法复习――非谓语动词之动名词

高三语法复习,动名词,Gerund(动名词),形式:(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone,1.Goingabroadtostudylastyearwasmyunforgettableexperience.2.Hecametothepartywithoutbeinginvited.3.Iregretnothavingtoldyouitearlier.4.HeforgothavingbeentakentoHongkongwhenhewas5.5.Myjobistakingcareofthegarden.6.Awalkingstickwasstandingagainstthewall.,作主语,介词宾语,动词宾语,动词宾语,表语(表内容),定语(表用途),特点：,既有动词的特点，又有名词的特点,功能：,作主语作宾语作表语作定语,1.同一概念的两个动名词作主语谓语动词用单数,Gettingupearlyandgoingtobedearlyisagoodhabit.,2.下列句型中常用-ing作主语,Itis/was,nouse/good,notanyuse/good,oflittleuse/good,+doingsth,Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收)Itsoflittlegoodstayinguplateeveryday.,注意：,Theresnodenyingthatheisabrilliantscientist.Theresnomistakingthathewillcomesoon.Theresnoknowingwherehehasgone.Theresnosayingwhatmayhappen.,作动词的宾语。接-ing(动名词)作宾语的及物动词：谐音“卖的不是发霉咖啡”,“madpsfamecarfe”,mind,avoid,delay,practise,stop,finish,advise,miss,escape,canthelp,admit,risk,fancy认为，想像,enjoy,2.作介词的宾语,含介词to后接doing的常见词组：,sticktoobjecttobeopposedtobe/getusedtobeaccustomedtolookforwardtobedevotedtodevoteoneselfto,taketobeaddictedtocome(close)to(差点就)leadtogetdownto(开始，着手)refertopayattentiontobeonthewayto,后接doing的其它常见词组：,befondofbetiredofsucceedininsistonputoff,feellikegiveupbeworthbebusysetabout,stand/tolerate/bearspend/wastetime(in)havedifficulty/trouble(in)haveagood/hardtime(in)canthelp,动名词作表语表示句子主语的内容，主语和表语可互换位置,Myjobistakingcareofthegarden.,Takingcareofthegardenismyjob.,作表语：,作定语,动名词作定语常表示被修饰名词与动名词所示动作的关系或用途,awalkingstickawashingmachineaswimmingpooltherunningshoes,astickforwalking,amachineforwashing,apoolforswimming,theshoesforrunning,asleepingcarasleepingboy,acarforsleeping动名词作定语表用途,aboywhoissleeping现在分词作定语表动作,比较,难点：（动名词的复合结构）,形容词性物主代词(如my)或名词的所有格(如Peters)或代词的宾格(如me)+doing在句中作主/宾语,Marysoftentellingliesmadeusangry.Yourgoingtherewillbeofgreathelp.Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?Howaboutour/usgoingonholidaynextweek?Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledtothethief/thethiefsbeingcaught.Isthereanypossibilityofthenewfilmbeingshowntonight?Ialwaysdreamoftherebeingagoodchancetogoabroad.Noonetoldmeabouttherebeingameetingthisafternoon.,动名词和不定式的区别：,forgetdoingtodorememberdoingtodoregretdoingtodostopdoingtodotrydoingtodo,meandoingtodocanthelpdoing(情不自禁做)todo(不能帮助做)goondoingtodobeafraid/scaredofdoing(害怕出现状况)todo(不敢做)considerdoing(考虑做)sbtohavedone(被认为已做了),IstillrememberbeingtakentoFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.Iregretnothavingtoldyouaboutitearlier.,动词like,love,prefer后接doing/todo均可。但doing常表经常性的动作；todo常表具体的行为或动作,Ilikeswimming,butIdontliketoswimthisafternoon.Theypreferwalkingtocycling.(一向)Heprefertostayathometoday.,但：wouldliketodo;would/shouldlovetodo,Iwouldliketogoswimmingthisweekend.,allow/advise/forbid/permit/recommenddoingallow/advise/forbid/permit/recommendsbtodo,Wedontallowsmokinghere.Wedontallowstudentstosmokehere.,sth/sbneed/require/want/desire+doing/tobedone.,Thewallrequirespainting/tobepainted.,Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthpraising.Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthpraise(n.).Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthyofpraise(n.).Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthyofbeingpraised.Hiscontributiontoeducationisworthytobepraised.Itsworthwhilepraisinghiscontributiontoeducation.Itsworthwhiletopraisehiscontributiontoeducation.,接todo(动词不定式)作宾语的及物动词：谐音“磨豆腐喽”,“merdowphla”,meanmanage,expect,refuse,dare,desire,determine,decide,demand,offer,want,promisepretendplan,hope,long渴望learn,askarrange,(3)不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语有时在时态上有区别：,*不定式作定语表示将来的动作。如：Thebridgetobebuiltnextmonthisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver*现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作。如：Thebridgebeingbuiltnowisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver*过去分词作定语表示已完成的动作。如：Thebridgebuiltlastyearisthethirdbridgeacrosstheriver,即时巩固练习,用所给动词的正确形式填空：1)Theman_(question)inthepolicestationnowisaspy2)Aman_(respect)otherswillberespected3)shecanfindnoone_(make)friendswith4)Isthereanybody_(answer)thequestion?5)Halfoftheguests_(invite)totheconferencewereforeigners.,beingquestioned,respecting,tomake,toanswer,invited,6)Shewouldbethebest_(agree)theopinion7)Thematter_(discuss)isveryimportant8)Thatistheway_(operate)themachine9)Shewasthenaprofessor_(love)byallherstudents10)Withmuchmoney_(spend)，theboyformedabadhabit,toagree,beingdiscussed,tooperate,loved,tospend,(2)不定式和分词表示结果时的区别：*不定式表示结果，含有没有预料到的情况的意味。如：Igotuponlytofinditwasrainingoutside(起来时没有料到在下雨。)Hewastooexcitedtosayaword(太激动了说不出话，是没有预料到的情况。)*分词表示结果包含着一种必然发生的情况。如：Hisparentsdied，leavinghimalotofmoney(父母去世，钱留给儿子。这是自然的事。)Theoutputofirondecreasedby23lastyear,reaching80，000tons(产量下降，到了80，000吨，这是必然结果。),7)不定式，现在分词和动名词的逻辑主语：,(1)不定式的逻辑主语：-forofsb+todosth如：ItsimpossibleforhimtomovesuchabigstoneThequestionistoohardforalittlechildtoanswer*但表示性质的adj(good，nice,kind,rude,polite,impolite,clever,wise,stupid,silly,foolish,right,wrong)等而用介词of。Itscleverof