人教新课标高中英语必修一定语从句课件

Grammar,TheAttributiveClause,2,形容词：用来修饰描述名词或代词的词,在简单句中，作定语、表语、补足语.定语从句：是一个句子，在复合句中,由关系词引导，相当于一个形容词，修饰名词或代词(先行词)。,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,先行词：被修饰的名词或代词，在定语从句之前.,定语从句：先行词之后,修饰先行词.,关系词:引导从句,在从句中代替先行词，充当句子成分.,3,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.,引导定语从句,代替先行词,在从句中担当一个成分,关系词的作用,1）,2）,3）,关系词,4,定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。它和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。Torontoisacity(that)Ivealwayswantedtovisit.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作些附加说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。它和主句关系不十分密切，它与主句之间常用逗号分开,一般不用that引导。在非限制性定语从句中关系词不可省略。,Shesaidshehadfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch.IvegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetodealwith.,Revision1theusageoftherelativepronoun,who,whom,which,that,whose,as,注意：that，why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。,as引导非限制性定语从句，可以用在主句前，也可以用在主句后，指代整个主句的内容。常译为“正如，好像”。,注意：在某些场合，非限制性定语从句的先行词可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.,Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.,as和which引导非限定性定语从句,都可指一句话内容，区别在于which只能放在它所指那句话的后面，而as可以在前面,也可以在后面。,7,whichas在引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：1.which可以代指主句的部分内容，也可以代指整个主句的内容。as代指整个主句。2.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后。which引导的非限制性定于从句只能跟在主句后，不能放在句首。3.当非限制性定语从句为否定句或者具有否定意义时用which,不用as。4.as表达”正如,就像”之意.,如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?,选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分。,做主语、宾语、表语、定语关系代词,做状语关系副词,theusageoftherelativeadverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,状语,状语,状语,9,定语从句引导词的选择,取决于先行词在定语从句中的位置、成分。1.ThepeoplewhomwhothatyoumetinthecampusarefromAustralia.（从句中作宾语）2.ThiswasthetimewhenatwhichsheleftforBeijing.(从句中作状语)Theplacewhichheoftenvisitsisalwaysfullofartists.(从句中作宾语),10,使用要点,1.关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。Theclassroomthatisonthefourthfloorispoorlyequipped.,2.关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时，常可省略,且that前不能有介词。Thisisthegirlwithwhomheworks.,3.关系副词在定语从句中不可省略。IhavecometoexplainthereasonwhyIwasabsentfromthemeeting.,ThepeoplewhomwhothatyoumetinthecampusarefromAustralia.（作宾语）,11,1.Theboy_isstandingnearthedoorismybrother.,that/who,(主语),2.Ilikethebook_youlenttome.,that/which,(宾语),3.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_itwas.,that/which,(表语),4.Theyplantedtheflowers_didntneedmuchwater.,which/that,(主语),5.Thedictionary_myfatherboughtformeisveryusefultome.,which/that,(宾语),6.Theteacher_wenttoseemeyesterdayisMr.Zhang.,7.Hereistheman_youwanttosee.,whom/that/who,(宾语),who/that,(主语),that,12,Iknowthegirl_faceisred.,whose,(定语),Idliketheroom_windowsarebig.,whose,(定语),whose,注意：whose的先行词指物时,可用ofwhich代替,但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.,Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.,=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.,=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.,thewindowofwhich,ofwhichthewindow,13,关系代词as引导定语从句,用于固定搭配,先行词与as、so、such、thesame连用。,1.DoyouwanttobuythesameradioaswasshownonTV.,(主语),2.HehasasgoodapenasIhave.,(宾语),3.Beijingisnotthesameasitusedtobe.,(表语),14.Thisisthesamepen_Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A不可用that或who代替。,1.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroominwhichmyfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.,ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.,=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.,关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。,但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。,Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?,考点四：as与which引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换,但下列情况多用as。1.当与such或thesame、so、as连用时，一般用as。Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.2.as引导的从句可以放在句首,as本身有“正如,正象”之意，与之连用的词有know、see、expect、Announce、pointout等。Asweallknow,theearthisround.,1._Engelspointedout,labourcreatedmanhimself.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.AsD2.TheysaidtheywereFrench._wasnttrue.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.AsC,3.Theclockstruckthirteen,_madeeveryonelaugh.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.AsA4.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.likeB,考点五:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.Iamnotonewhoisafraidofdifficulty2.Dontchooseme,whoamnotfitforthisjob,3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewrittenA4.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls_wellinclass.!A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosingC,1.Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek?!Isthisthefactory_wevisitedlastweek?A.whereB.thatC.towhichD.theoneDB,解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。,Exercises,2.Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.!A.wher