公开课：2018高考语法填空技巧

“语法填空”解题指导,TherehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssaltThistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight,FatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadietTheyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctionsWhenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomethingAs65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.,Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesupFastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdietHavingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.,However,be69(care)nottogotoextremesLikeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth,高考真题-201761.as,62.effects,63.toprocess,64.areremoved,65.a,36.worse,67.is,68.eating69,careful,70.which,高考真题剖析,考什么?,怎么考?,高考真题-语法填空考什么？1）纯空题：2）给词题：,冠词,代词,介词,连词,常考谓语动词(时态和语态)、非谓语动词(逻辑关系)、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换(构词法)、名词的数等。,通常考_、_、_、_等四类词。,怎么考？考点设置：1）纯空题填空：3-4个小题。2）给词词填空：6-7个小题。,答案特点？1）纯空题填空：2）给词题填空：,一空一词。,用括号中词的正确形式填空（具体填几个词要由具体的语境而定）,3）位于句首时，首字母要大写。,解题高招(三步骤)：1通读全文，把握大意。2结合语境，试填空格。3重读全文，验证复查。一句话：在“先完意”的基础上，用“成分结构”分析解题。,【一】纯空题试题Ex:Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_?”1如果空格在句子中作主语或宾语时,要填_。,具体填哪类代词,要根据前后语境,看空格要填的代词是指人还是指事物,指男还是指女,是单数还是复数。,it,代词,1)Ihaveafewneighbors,buttheneighborsIhaveareverynice,eventhough_dontseeeachotherveryoften2)IgetnervouseverytimeIwatchthis.Itssodangerousandhardforhimtobalance.Hemayfalloffandhurt_(he).,we,himself,Ex1.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad_amazingconversation.2.youngman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater._waterwassweet,2.如果空格后是名词或“形容词+名词”,应填_。,an,The,限定词,Ihadbeenlisteningtotheradioandreading_book.Iwanttoenjoymyworkandmakelotsofmoneyat_sametime.,a,the,1._thehelpofDavid,Ihavemadearapidprogressonmymajor.3.当纯空格后的名词、代词或动名词不是作主语、表语,也不是作谓语动词的宾语时,要填_。,With,介词,具体填什么介词,由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词与介词的句式搭配来决定。,1.Theyoungmanwenthome_ahappyheart.2.Nowadays,noonecangetaway_trafficjamsinbigcities.,with,from,Ex1.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme_thebusarrived.4.如果纯空格前后都是结构完整的句子，这时要填_。,until,连词,具体填哪个关联词,由句子之间的逻辑关系来决定。,1.Doyouknowtheman_isspeakingtoDavid?2.InmuchofAsia,especiallyChina,Japan,Korea_Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.4.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,_hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.,who,and,but,【二】给词题填空Ex1.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman_(present)thewatertotheoldman.Ex2.Butnowthisproblem_(solve)already.1.谓语动词的解题方法:,presented,hasbeensolved,首先考虑提示词是否作谓语,如果是就是要考虑它的时态，语态和人称。,1)Thesunwassettingwhenmycar_(break)downnearavillage.3)Mostofmytime_(spend)teachingteachingyoungchildrennow.,broke,isspent,Ex1_(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.Ex2-theproverb,“pluckingupacrop_(help)itgrow,”isbasedonthefollowingstory.2.非谓语动词的解题方法:,Walking,tohelp,首先考虑提示词是否做非谓语，如果是就是要考虑它的逻辑关系（主动还是被动），进而来确定它是用现在分词还是过去分词，还是用不定式。,Ex1Hewasverytired,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”_(high)Ex2Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_(sweet)3.形容词和副词的解题方法:,如果提示词是形容词或副词,且空格处需要填的词性不变时(形容词或副词),则要考虑它的比较等级或前后缀。,higher,sweeter,Ex1Wedranktogetherandtalked_(merry)tillfarintothenight.Ex2Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_(nature)course.4.词类转换题(构词法)的解题方法:,merrily,natural,如果空格处要填的词性与括号中所给词的词性不同时,就要考虑构词法（词类转换）。,1.Doyouknowthe_(deep)oftheriver?3.Thelittlegirlis_(extreme)eagertoknowtheresultoftheexam.,depth,extremely,【一】WhenIleftfortheUnitedStatestostudy.Ihadbutterfliesinmystomach.IwasnervousbecauseIwasgoingto_1._newplacewithnewpeopleandnewcustoms.Icouldntevenunderstand_2._(they)language.Everythingwasdifferent_3._myowncountry.TherewasnobodythatIcouldtalkto.Ijusthadmyhusband,_4._wasanewpersonforme,too.,a,their,from,who,ItwasasadmomentwhenIhadtosaygoodbyetomyfamilyandfriends.Ididntwant_5._(leave)myhometownbecauseI_6._(grow)upthereandhadwonderful_7._(memory)oftheplace.So,_7._(think)aboutallthesechangesmademenervousandIwas_8._(worry)aboutmynewlife.Butstudyingabroadwasa_9._(decide)thatImademyself.Ihadtocontinueandacceptthechallenge.Ilookedforwardto_10._(visit)myfamilyinthesummervacation.,toleave,grew,memories,thinking,worried,decision,visiting,小结：技巧：把握全文大意，结合设题类型，划分句子成份，分析成份。找复杂句、难句进行结构分析。,【二】Paper-cuttingisa(n)_1_(tradition)Chinesefolkartwithalonghistory.Paper-cuts_2_(use)duringfestivalstodecorategatesandwindows.Themaincuttingtoolsaresimple:paperandscissorsoraknife.Clevercraftsmenareverygoodat_3_(cut)inthethemeofdailylife.Whenyoulookatworkscreatedbypapercutting_4_(careful),youwillbeamazedbythetrue-to-life_5_(express)ofthefiguresappearanceandthoughts.,Althoughotherartforms,likepainting,canshowsimilarscenes,paper-cuttingstillstandsoutforitsbeautifullinesandpatterns_6_areallhand-made.Learningaboutcuttingapieceofpaper_7_(be)easybutmastering(精通)_8_isverydifficult.Onemustholdtheknifeupright(竖直地)andpressonthepaperwithoutmuchstrength.Anycarelessnesswilllead_9_damagetothewholeimage.Craftsmentry_10_(create)acirclelikethemoon,astraightlinelikeastem(干)ofwheat,andasquarelikeabrick.Theyhavetobecarefulandkeeppractisingtomakethescenesseemasaliveaspossible.,【二】Paper-cuttingisa(n)_1_(tradition)Chinesefolkartwithalonghistory.Paper-cuts_2_(use)duringfestivalstodecorategatesandwindows.Themaincuttingtoolsaresimple:paperandscissorsoraknife.Clevercraftsmenareverygoodat_3_(cut)inthethemeofdailylife.Whenyoulookatworkscreatedbypapercutting_4_(careful),youwillbeamazedbythetrue-to-life_5_(expres