国外土木工程现状和未来

国外土木工程现状,陈瑛,2008-2009美国土木前十名,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley加州大学伯克利分校UniversityofIllinoisUrbanaChampaign伊利诺伊大学厄本那香槟分校StanfordUniversity斯坦福大学GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology佐治亚理工学院TheUniversityofTexasatAustin德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology麻省理工学院PurdueUniversity,WestLafayette普渡大学西拉法叶校区UniversityofMichiganAnnArbor密西根大学-安娜堡分校CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology加州理工学院CornellUniversity康乃尔大学,2008-2009英国土木工程专业,1Cambridge(剑桥）2Cardiff（加的夫）3Bristol（布里斯托尔）4Southampton（南安普敦）5Dundee（敦提）6Loughborough（拉夫堡）7Edinburgh（爱丁堡）8Sheffield（设菲尔德）9ImperialCollege伦敦帝国理工学院10QueensBelfast（贝尔法斯特皇后大学）,美国接受留学生人数最多的10所高校得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校(4152)俄亥俄州立大学(3449)伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-尚佩恩分校(3089)外国留学生比例麻省理工学院(22.1%)斯坦福大学(15.8%)康奈尔大学(13.6%),加州大學柏克萊分校(UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley)位置:Berkeley,CA,史丹佛大學(StanfordUniversity)位置:Stanford,CA,加州理工學院(CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology)位置:Pasadena,CA,德州大學奧斯汀分校(UniversityofTexasatAustin)位置:Austin,TX,麻省理工學院(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology)位置:Cambridge,MA,WashingStateUniversity,StructuralEngineeringandMaterials,CompositeMaterialAlternativestoTimberintheConstructionofWingWalls,新型楼盖,木纤维塑料复合材料轻质承重板:防水、高强,SHM-Application,HighwaybridgesmadeofPolymerComposites,Experimentalset-upfordynamicresponsemeasurement,CurrentResearch:Smartconcretestructures,Usingshapememoryalloytohealcrackedconcretestructures,CurrentResearch:Effectivestiffnessevaluationbydynamicresponse,FRPHoneycombSandwichPanelsUsingPiezoelectricsensorfordynamicresponsemeasurementsBendingandshearstiffnessevaluationsintransverseandlongitudinaldirectionsOut-of-planeshearmoduliofhoneycombcore,FRPHoneycombSandwichPanelswithSinusoidalCoreasHighwayBridgeDecks,Applicationsofsandwichstructuresininfrastructure,Honeycombsandwichstructures,SchoolofCivil,EnvironmentalandMiningEngineering，TheUniversityofAdelaide澳大利亚,MastersbyCoursework(Oneyear)PostgraduateResearchPrograms(TwoyearforMA.3-4yearsforPHD),MichaelGriffith,TheUniversityofAdelaide,EarthquakeprotectionofmasonrybuildingsusingFRPstrengtheningexperimentalandanalyticalresearchCyclicbehaviourofFRPretrofittedRCstructuresunderblast,fatigueandearthquakeloadinglongtermbehaviourofFRPretrofittedstructures，especiallyundercyclingloadingconditionsdevelopnewmechanics-basedmodelsforthebehaviourofcivilengineeringstructuresreinforcedwithFRPandsubjectedtoawiderangeofdynamicloadingincludingimpact,blast,seismicandfatigueloading.,TheUniversityofAdelaide,Blastresistanceofultra-highperformanceconcretemembersNewmaterialsandstructuralsystemsagainstterroristattackshighmaterialstrength,highmaterialdeformationandhightoughnessFRPconfinedconcretecolumnsbehaviourundercyclicloading(lateralandaxial)ofcolumnsusingFRPwrapsinvestigationarethecross-sectiondetails(cross-ties),cross-sectionaspectratio,andunconfinedconcretestrength,TheUniversityofAdelaide,Accuratemodellingoflaminatedcompositestiffened/sandwichpanelsfibrereinforcedlaminatedcompositeaddingstiffeningribstotheskinsandwichconstructionwhereanultralightthickcoremateriallayer(e.g.,foam,honeycomb,balsa,elastomer,加州大学伯克利分校,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,加州大学伯克利分校,几乎所有人都相信，别人给它的综合排名似乎过低了。名气可能是一个问题，很多对美国不熟悉的人也许都不知道它。不过你如果看过电影毕业生，就应该知道它的名字；大学英语泛读里面也有一篇一位Berkeley校友回忆母校的文章。六七十年代的Berkeley似乎是一个学生运动的中心，但现在也是一个和硅谷联系在一起的名字。,加州大学伯克利分校,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,GraduateProgramsEngineeringandProjectManagementEnvironmentalEngineeringGeoEngineeringStructuralEngineering,MechanicsandMaterialsTransportationEngineeringCivilSystems,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,AreasofEmphasisTheoryofstructures,finiteelementmethods,linearandnonlinearcomputermethodsofanalysis,computeraidedengineeringStructuraldynamicsandrandomvibrationsEarthquakeengineeringdesignandanalysisDesignandbehaviorofreinforcedandprestressedconcrete,steel,composite,timberandotherstructures,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,AreasofEmphasisExperimentalanalysis,includingnon-destructiveevaluationofstructuresMechanicsofsolids,structuralmechanics,computationalmechanics,thermomechanicsofdeformablebodies,micromechanicsandmechanicsofcompositematerialsStructuralreliability,riskanalysis,decisiontheoryFireprotectionengineeringStructuralmaterials,behaviorofconcreteandcementitiousmaterialsandplasticsAdvancedconcretetechnology.,EarthquakeEngineeringResearchCenter(PEER)UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,AssessmentofgroundMotionSelectionandModificationProceduresConductanalysesofmultistorybuildingmodelssubjectedtoalargenumberofearthquakegroundmotionstodeterminethenativestatisticsoftheresponses,compareresultswithresultsobtainedusingvariousproposedgroundmotionselectionandmodificationprocedures,andrecommendappropriategroundmotionselectionandscalingprocedures.,EarthquakeEngineeringResearchCenter(PEER)UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,SyntheticallyGeneratedGroundMotionsUsingvalidatedbroadbandgroundmotionsimulationprocedures,generategroundmotiontimehistoriesinSanFranciscoandLosAngelesforlargeearthquakesonthemajorfaultsintheregion.ThetimehistorieswillbesimulatedforgeographicareasofspecificinterestforSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.Thesebroadbandsimulatedtimehistoriesaretocontainlongperiodeffectssuchasrupturedirectivityeffectsandbasineffectsthatarespecifictothefaultgeometryandgeologicalstructureoftheregions.,EarthquakeEngineeringResearchCenter(PEER)UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,MitigationofSeismicRiskinOlderConcreteBuildings,MitigationofSeismicRiskinOlderConcreteBuildings,TestcriticalcomponentstocollapseInvestigatesimpleretrofitmethodsSystemsstudies,includingsoil-foundation-structureinteractionImprovedcomputersimulationRegionalsimulation,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,A.Astaneh-AslBehaviorandseismicdesignofsteelbridgestructuresandtheircomponents.Investigationofinelasticbehavioranddevelopingmodelsofbehaviorofsimple,semi-rigid,andrigidsteelstructuresandconnections.Seismicbehavioranddesignofsteelshearconnectionswithslabeffects.Behaviorandseismicdesignofcompositeshearwalls.,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,在2002年3月6日，伯克利-加里弗尼亚大学民用及环境工程教授，AbolhassanAstaneh-Asl博士在美国众议院科学委员会上陈述了他对世贸大厦倒塌的结构问题的研究。他所作的陈述中包含了一系列对747客机撞进钢铁结构的模拟仿真过程，而这些模拟仿真过程都是通MSC.Software公司合作，使用MSC.Dytran开发出来的。,UniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley,J.M.KellyDevelopmentandtestingofaseismicbaseisolationsystems.Thesesystemsincorporateelastomericmulti-layerbearingsofvarioustypes.Theresearchisbothanalyticalandexperimentalinnature,withmostoftheexperimentalworkconductedonthe20ft.by20ft.shakingtableattheEarthquakeSimulatorLaboratory.Constitutivetheoryforlargecyclicplasticdeformationofshapememoryalloys.Thisresearchisconcernedwithdevelopingbettermaterialmodelsforenergy-absorbingdevicesofthismaterial.Developmentofenergy-absorbingdevicesforseismic-resistantstructures.Devicesunderstudyincludeviscoelasticmaterials,frictionalcomponents,ormetallicelements.,UniversityofMichigan,EarthquakeresistantdesignofstructuralsystemsBehaviorofbuildingsandbridgesunderextremeloadingDesignandvalidationofsmartstructuretechnologiesEvaluationandimprovementofnewandexistinghighwaybridgesDevelopmentofhighperformancefiberreinforcedcementitiouscomposites,UniversityofMichigan,Interestedinhowbuildingsandbridgesbehaveundertheextremeloadingconditionsgeneratedbymanmadeandnaturalhazardssuchasseismicexcitation,collisionbyheavyobjects,andblast.howtoutilizenewmaterialsandtechnologiestocreateinnovativestructuralsystemsthatmitigatethepotentiallycatastrophiceffectsofextremeloading,SherifEl-Tawil,UniversityofMichigan,Enteranimplodingsteelbuildingexaminefromtheoutsidehowthecollapseprocessprogresses,UniversityofMichigan,Whenacriticalcolumnisdamagedasaresultofanextremeloadingevent,catenaryactionallowsgravityloadthatwaspreviouslysupportedbythedamagedelementtospanadjacentstructuralmembers.The2animationsbelowtheresultsofasimulationconductedtoinvestigatetheroleofcatenaryactionasasteelsubassemblagerespondstocolumnloss.ThesimulationsshowsductilefractureoccurringinaRBSbeam-columnmomentconnectionasitundergoesverylargedeformationsincatenarymode.Topview3Dview,Someinterestinganimationsshowinghighermodeeffects(i.e.whiplasheffects)intallstructuressubjectedtoearthquakes.Thebuildingsarereduced-beam-sectionsteelmomentframesandaredesignedaccordingtothelatestdesignspecifications.Thebluecolorsindicateinitiationofyieldinginthemembers,whilethebluetrianglesindicateplastificationofthereducedbeamsection.4-storyframe,8-storyframe,16-storyframe,Pictureshowingoverviewofcrashsimulationconductedtoinvestigatebridgevulnerabilitytoextremeevents.Thepier,piles,pilecap,surroundingsoil,elastomericbearings,andsuperstructureareallmodeledinthissimulation.Animationshowing18,000-lbtruckcollidingwithbridgePier(609KB).Closeupofanimation(Largefile,2MB).,UniversityofMichigan,VictorLimicromechanicsbasedcompositematerialsdesignandengineering,innovativestructuresdesignbasedonadvancedmaterialstechnologyengineeredcementitiouscomposite,De-icingSaltScalingResistanceofMechanicallyLoadedEngineeredCementitiousCompositesEngineeredCementitiousCompositeswithHighVolumeFlyAsh,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringattheUniversityofIllinois伊利若斯大学厄巴纳-尚佩,founding134yearsagogreatestcivilengineeringeducatorswereformerfacultymembersHardyCross,NathanNewmark,VenTeChow,RalphPeck,RichardEngelbrecht,ChesterSeiss,andWilliamHall,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringattheUniversityofIllinois,#1RankedGraduatePrograminU.S.#1RankedUndergraduatePrograminU.S.#2RankedEnvironmentalPrograminU.S.54Faculty,30+VisitingScholars400GraduateStudents(50fromChina)450UndergraduateStudents,CollegeofEngineering,UniversityofIllinois,Materials#2;#4RankedCollegeofEngineeringinU.S.,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringattheUniversityofIllinois,Forcontributionsinnon-linearfracturemechanicsandapplicationstopracticeinnuclearpowerandspacesystems.,RobertH.Dodds,Jr.,MemberofNationalAcademyofEngineering,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringattheUniversityofIllinois,ResearchCenterforCementCompositeMaterialsPVCGeomembraneInstituteTechnologyProgramMid-AmericaEarthquakeCenterCenterofExcellenceforAirportTechnologyCenterforCementCompositeMaterials,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringattheUniversityofIllinois,EarthquakeEngineeringDynamicTestsofLow-RiseBuildingSystemsMultiobjectiveSeismicDesignofSteelFrameBuildingsSmartDampingStrategiesforSeismicProtectionofUrbanStructuresSyntheticEarthquakeHazard:,DepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringattheUniversityofIllinois,EngineeringMechanicsandMaterialsRapidNondestructiveAssessmentofConcreteStructuresUsingElasticWavesDevelopmentofNondestructiveMethodsforMeasurementsofSlabThicknessandModulusofRuptureinConcretePavements,StructuralEngineeringandMaterialsDept.ofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringNorthwesternUniversity,StructuralEngineeringandMaterialsDept.ofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringNorthwesternUniversity,quasibrittlefractureanddamagemechanics,fracturescalinganditsasymptotics,sizeeffects,micro-andnanomechanics,constitutivemodels,progressivecollapseofbuildingsmissileimpact,seismicresponse,interfaceswithchemo-mechanics,thermodynamics,landslidesandgeo-mechanics.,ZdenekBazant,NationalAcademyofSciences;NationalAcademyofEngineering;AmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,StructuralEngineeringandMaterialsDept.ofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringNorthwesternUniversity,Hisresearchteamhasbeendevelopingmaterialmodelsforfibercomposites,concrete,rocksandsoils,seaice,snow,toughceramics,sandwichshells,rigidfoams,cellularmaterials,bone,andshapememoryalloys.Applicationshavecoveredstructuralandaero-spaceengineering,buildingcodes,shipdesign,automotivecrashworthiness,arcticengineering,earthquakeengineeringandnuclearsafety.Althoughtheemphasisistheoretical,histeamalsoconductsspecializedfracturetestingofcomposites,concretesandrocks.Computationalmodelingisaheavycomponentineachproblem,butBazantsattitudeistoseekfirstanalyticalsolutionsandasymptotics-basedapproximations.,ZdenekBazant,Bazant,Z.P.,andPlanas,J.(1998).FractureandSizeEffectinConcreteandOtherQuasibrittleMaterials.CRCPress,StructuralEngineeringandMaterialsDept.ofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineeringNorthwesternUniversity,Developedinnovativenondestructivetoolstodetectfracture.ElectronicLaserSpecleInterferometry,激光散斑干涉测量方法DigitalImageCorrelation.Pioneeringresearchinfiberreinforcedconcretehighperformanceconcretefracturemechanicsofquasi-brittlematerials.,WalterP.MurphyProfessor,NationalAcademyofEngin