国培英语语音教学讲义(刘道义)

HowtoteachEnglishphoneticsinjuniorsecondaryschools初中英语语音教学,责任专家：刘道义,Questionsfordiscussion(思考题）Whyteachphonetics为什么教语音？Whatkindofaccenttoteach教哪种英语语音？Whattoteach语音教学包含哪些内容？Whentoteachphonetics何时安排语音教学？Howtoteachphonetics怎样教语音？,Whyteachphonetics为什么教语音？,TohelplayagoodfoundationforlearningEnglishvocabulary语音为词汇学习打基础Tohelpwithlisteningandspeaking语音影响听说Toaffectreadingandwriting语音影响读写,Whyteachphonetics为什么教语音？,TobuildupstudentsconfidenceinlearningEnglish好语音能增强学习英语的信心Toimproveintelligibility语音影响表意Tocreateafavorableimpression语音影响形象,Whyisteachingphoneticsimportant?,WhatproblemsdostudentshavewithEnglishpronunciation?UsingthewrongsoundMakinglongvowelsshortLeavingsoundsout,Whyisteachingphoneticsimportant?,AddingsoundsPuttingstressonthewrongsyllableinawordPuttingstressonthewrongwordinasentenceUsingthewrongintonationpattern(G.Poedjosoedarmo,2007),Whatkindofaccenttoteach教哪种英语语音？,WhatarethemainvarietiesofEnglishaccent?SSB(StandardSouthernBritish)ratherthanRP(ReceivedPronunciation)GA(GeneralAmerican),Whatkindofaccenttoteach教哪种英语语音？,Whichaccentshouldweteach？EitherSSBorGAasabasisBettertoexposestudentstoavarietyofaccents,sothattheywillbeabletounderstandmostpeopletheymeet.,Whattoteach语音教学包含哪些内容？,WhatisrequiredintheCurriculumStandards?1.Pronunciationof26lettersa,e,i(y),o,uinstressed/unstressedsyllablesVowelcombinationsinstressedsyllablesCommonvowelcombinationsinstressedsyllables,Whattoteach语音教学包含哪些内容？,Consonantcombinations(ch,dg,th,tch,ph,ng,nk)Consonantclusters(bl-,cl-,fl-,gl-,br-,cr-,sm-,sp-,pr-,qu-)Syllabicsounds(ble,-ple,-cle,-gle,-dle,-sin,-ten,-ven),2.Wordstressandsentencestress3.Soundvariationliaison（连读）incompleteexplosiveweakformassimilation（同化）,Whattoteach语音教学包含哪些内容？,4.Intonationandrhythmsensegroupandpausingrisingandfallingtonesrhythm,Whattoteach语音教学包含哪些内容？,Useofpronunciation,intonation,stressandrhythminoralcommunication6.Pronunciationandenunciationskillsinreadingaloudandspeeches7.EnglishpronunciationdifferencesinmajorEnglishspeakingcountries(mainlytaughtinseniorhighschool),Whattoteach语音教学包含哪些内容？,PhonicworkWithoutlearningphoneticsymbols（IPA）直拼法,Lettershavesounds.(24)Soundsmakeupwords.Letterscombineinsyllablestomakewords.CVCVCCVCECCVCCVVCCVCC,etc,PhonicworkWithoutlearningphoneticsymbols（IPA）直拼法,Manywordsfollowaregularpattern,butmanydont.Connectspellingwithpronunciation听其音知其形，见其形知其音,Lettershavesounds,方法一：掐头法学读音读下列辅音字母名称音，将其第一个音去掉，余下的音即为该字母在单词中的读音。,Ff/ef/,Ll/el/,Mm/em/,Nn/en/,Ss/es/,Xx/eks/,/f/,/l/,/m/,/n/,/s/,/ks/,Example1案例一,读下列辅音字母名称音，将其后面的音去掉，余下的音即为该字母在单词中的读音。,Zz/zi:/,Vv/vi:/,Bb/bi:/,Dd/di:/,Cc/si:/,Jj/d3eI/,Pp/pi:/,Kk/keI/,Tt/ti:/,/b/,/s/k/,/d/,/d3/,/k/,/p/,/t/,/v/,/z/,方法二：去尾法学音素,GgHhYyWwRr,读下列辅音字母在单词中的读音与汉语拼音g，h，y，w，r有相似之处，注意不要混淆。,egg鸡蛋,hen母鸡,yes是的,well好的,red红色的,/g/,/h/,/j/,/w/,/r/,/eg/,/hen/,/jes/,/wel/,/red/,方法三：对比法学读音,Teachphoneticsymbols（IPA）教音标Vowelsandconsonants元音和辅音的读音示范,有声版国际音标表,a,e,i(y),o,uinstressedsyllables,OpenCloseaname/e/map/ewe/i:/wet/e/ihi/a/hit/(y)why/a/physics/onote/not/uflute/u:/flush/,a,e,i,o,u,yinunstressedsyllables,Vowellettercombinationsinstressedsyllables,R-syllablesar/:/artcarfarhardgardener/:/herherstermnerveserviceir/:/sirbirdgirlfirmthirtyor/:/orfortornmornfortyur/:/urgefurhurtnurseturning,Vowelletter爸爸isnot/ba:ba:/,/,mother,Fatherandmother,motherandfather,theygivemeahug(拥抱)!,/:/,door,/D/,dog,Look!Itsadoor.,Whatsbehindthedoor？,Oh,itsadog.,Adogisbehindthedoor.,cool,look,Oh,youlooksocool!,/,/u:/,/I/,name,Imy,e,/I/,a,Whatsyourname?MynameisMike.,Whatsyourname?IamKate.,boy,goal(得分,进球,射门),/i/,/3:/,girl,Agoalandagirl.,/,Thegirliskickingagoal.,Theboyislookingatthegirl.,Wekickagoalbutcantkickagirl.,/a/,out,here,there,sure,Letssayitout:Hereandthere,wearethebest!Areyousure?Yes!Hereandthere,wearethebest!,/i/,/e/,/,Connectphoneticteachingwithpracticeofwords,phrases，sentences,texts,etc,Englishalphabet英语字母,Sounds音素,Words词,Phrases短语,Sentences句子,Texts话语、篇章、课文,PracticalWriting应用文,Stories/Novels故事、小说,Reports报道文,Poems诗歌,Letters,Diaries,Messages,Computer-aidedteachingofpronunciation,PronunciationpowerbyEnglishComputerizedLearningInc.,BlackstoneMultimediaCorporation(animationsshowinghowsoundsareproduced;sounddiscrimination)Comparetheuserswaveformwiththesample,Example4案例四,浙江省特级教师张学雅老师单元拼音练习(见附件）Example5案例五课堂教学录像(北大附小李瑜老师）,Example5(video),Armakes/sound.Er,ir,or,urmake/or/sound.TodayisTurtlesbirthday.Sheiswearingaskirt.Herecomesherfriendbird.Happybirthdaytoyou,Turtle!,Reference参考资料,G.Poedj