克服翻译症translationese

Translationese,翻译症BY：GALAXY,Contents,Conceptsoftranslationese.Thesyndromesoftranalationese.Usethetranslationofwordsindictionaryblindly.Translatethefunctionwordsdirectly.FolloworCopytheTextualWordOrder.FolloworCopyTextualExpression.3.Howtoconquerthetranslationese.,Conceptsoftranslationese,Translationese,Meaning：isshownthebadhabitsorimproperpracticesduringdoingthetranslation.翻译症就是在翻译过程中表现出来的种种不好习惯或者不恰当的方法Maincharacter:stylepoor,meansthetranslationisunnatural,laborious,anddifficulttounderstand.文笔拙劣,即翻译出来的东西不自然，不流畅，生硬或者晦涩难懂,SomeExamples,Itwasanoldandraggedmoon.A:那是一弯又老又破的月亮。B:那是一弯下弦残月。Heblurredtheinkontheletterwithhistears.A:他的眼泪把信上的墨水弄得模糊不清。B:他的眼泪把信上的字迹弄得模糊不清。ImproveYourStudyHabits.A:改进你的学习方法。B:养成好的学习习惯。,Harm,Oneside:languagedoesnotreadsmoothly,whichisonthecontraryoftheStandardizationofChineseandcorruptsthereadersinterestinreading.语言不顺，既违背了汉语语言的规范，也败坏了读者的阅读兴趣,Examples:Whentheladyticket-sellersawme,herotherwiseattractivefaceturnedsour,violentlyso.(J.H.Griffin:“IntoMississippi”)A:当女售票员看见我时，她那在其他情况下还挺妩媚的面孔突然变色，变得怒气冲冲。B：女售票员一见到我，原本颇为动人的面孔刷地一沉，变得煞是难看。,（2）Theoldscientistisphysicallyweakbutmentallygood.A:老科学家身体虽弱，但思想健康。B:老科学家身体虽弱，但精神尚佳。（3）Thereisthebell,someoneisatthedoor.A:那里有个铃：有人在门口。B:铃响了，有人在叫门。4）Itisnowthoughtthatthemoreworkwegiveourbrain,themoreworktheyareabletodo.A:现在人们认为，我们让脑子工作的越多，他就能干更多的工作。B:现在人们认为，脑子越用越好用。,Theotherside:nosemanticlogic,usuallymakesreadersconfused.语义不通，往往让读者不知所云，甚至把读者引上歧路。Example:(1)Theydrawnodistinctionsandrecognizenoclasses;theyaremerelyAmerican.(C.Quinn:“TheJeaningofAmerican”)A:它们没有什么区别，也不分什么阶级；它们仅仅是美国人的。B:这种裤子对人不分贵贱，不讲等级，只要是美国人都可以穿。,(2)IftheUniteStatesbetraysthemillionsofpeoplewhohavereliedonusinVietnam,thePresidentoftheUniteStates,whoeverheis,willnotdeservenorreceivetherespect.A:如果美国背叛了信任我们的千百万越南人民，那么无论谁担任美国总统，他都不值得尊敬，也得不到尊敬。B:如果美国背叛了千百万在越南问题上信赖我们的人，那么无论谁担任美国总统，他都不值得尊敬，也得不到尊敬。,Thesyndromesoftranalationese,Translationese1:Usethetranslationofwordsindictionaryblindly照搬英汉词典是释义,Slows,Usethetranslationofwordsindictionaryblindly,whenwedosometranslations,ifwedontgothroughtthecontexttoestimatewhatthewordsexactlymeans,andusethetranslationofwordsindictionaryblindlyanddirectly,thatwillcausetranslationese.ExactequivalentsPolysemouswordDarenotoverthetophalfstep,Usethetranslationofwordsindictionaryblindly,IbelievedthenthatIwoulddiethere,andIsawwithaterribleclaritythethingsofthevalleybelow.原译：这时我觉得我要死在那儿了，而且清晰得可怕地看见了下面山谷里的景物。改译：这时我觉得我要死在那儿了，而下面山谷里的景致却看得异常清晰,Example,Itisnotsomuchtheactualpopulationoftheworldbutitsrateofincreasewhichisimpotrant.原译：重要的不在于当今世界人口之多，而在于其增长率改译：值得重视的倒不是世界人口的现状，而是其增长率。,Exactequivalents,Wecantalwaysfindtheexactequivalentsbetweenthesourcelanguageandtargetlanguage.uncle=叔父，伯父，舅父，姑父consin=表兄，表弟，表妹，表姐，堂兄堂弟，堂姐，堂妹亲家母=themotherofonesdaughter-in-laworson-in-law(paraphrase,notexactequivalentswords),Example,Allright,Illgotothemeeting,butonlyunderprotest.Severaldemonstratorsprotestingagainstcutsinhealthspendingwerearrested.Buttheproteststhatheknowsnotingaboutthegunsortheexplosives.1反抗，抗议，反对；2坚决地表示，申辩，断言；3无奈，不服气，不甘心。Hecrasheddownonaprotestingchair.译文：他猛地往下一坐，椅子被压得抗议似的吱呀作响。,Payattentiontothepolysemousword,Justgivemeahaircuttoday.ItwontdoanygoodtosetitbecauseIamgoingswimmingatLakeFloridethisafternoonanyway.原译：你今天帮我把头发随便剪一下。让它老是垂下来不好，因为就在今天下午我要去佛罗里达湖游泳。改译：你今天把我头发剪一剪就行了。做成发型也百搭，因为今天下午不管怎样我都要去佛罗里达湖游泳。,Darenotoverthetophalfstep,Ihatejogging.原译：我讨厌慢跑改译：我讨厌跑步CanadehasPrimeMinister(inadditiontotheGovernor-General)原译：加大那有一个“首相”（除了英国领地的总督外）改译：加拿大有总理（除了总督之外）,Translationese2:Translatethefunctionwordsdirectlyandblindly照搬原文功能词,Englishisalanguageofhypotaxis（形合），Chineseisalanguageofparataxis（意合）.Hypotaxis:thedependentorsubordinateconstructionorrelationshipofclauseswithconnectives.Parataxis:thejuxtapositionofclausesorphraseswithouttheuseofcoordinatingorsubordinatingconjunctions.,Translatethefounctionwordsdirectlyandblindly,Ifwetranslatethefounctionwords(conjunction,prepositionandpronoun)directlyandblindly,theresultis当当作响（when）的的不休（定语）和和不停（and）它它不绝（pronoun）被被层叠（passivevoice）,当当作响,Helenwasrelievedwhenshewentbackhomeandsawthediamondstilllockedinthesafe原译：当海伦回到家看见和看到那颗钻石仍然锁在保险柜的时候，她放了心。改译：海伦回到家里，看见那颗钻石仍然缩在保险柜里，就放心了,当当作响,Hesayshehasntgotanymoneywheninfacthesgotthousandsofdollarsinhisaccount.原译：他说他没钱当事实上他的账户中有几千美元的时候。改译：他说他没钱，然而事实上他的账户有几千美元。,Example,Hestartedtoshoutandsing.原译：他开始喊叫和唱歌。改译：他开始大声喊唱。Hewassoyoungthatyoumustexcusehim.原译：他是如此年轻以至于你得原谅他。改译：他那么年轻，你们还是原谅他吧。,Pronoun（它它不绝）,Theshopmanoffersathird(apple);butbeforebitingit,youexamineit,andfindthatitishardandgreen,andyouimmediatelysaythatyouwillnothaveit,asitmustbesour.原译：店员给你第三个苹果，但在咬它之前，你把它检查了一下，发现它又硬又青，你立即说你不要它，因为它肯定很酸。改译：店员给你第三个苹果，但在吃以前，你把苹果看了个仔细，发现又硬又青，立即说不要这个，因为这个苹果必然是酸的,它它不绝,Bigpowershavetheirstrategieswhilesmallcountriesalsohavetheirownlines.原译：大国有他们的战略，而小国也有他们的路线。改译：大国有大国的战略，小国也有小国的路线。,它它不绝,Someofthebiggerfirmsareengagedinresearcheswhichareofsuchgeneralandfundamentalnaturethatitisapositiveadvantagetothemnottokeepthemsecret.原译：某些大企业所从事的科学研究极具普遍性和重要性，所以不对他们进行保密肯定对他们有利。改译：某些大企业所从事的科学研究极具普遍性和重要性，所以不对那些研究进行保密肯定对大企业有利。,Translationese3:FolloworCopytheTextualWordOrder照搬原文的语序,1.CompleteCorrespondence完全对应2.IncompleteCorrespondence不完全对应,CompleteCorrespondence,1)After15yearsofreform,Chinaseconomicstructureandsociallifehaveundergoneaseriesofmajorchanges.经过十五年的改革，中国在经济体制和社会生活等方面发生了一系列重大变化。,IncompleteCorrespondence,(1)HardlyamonthgoesbywithoutwordofanothersurveyrevealingnewdepthsofscientificilliteracyamongU.S.citizensversion1：几乎没有哪个月没有关于美国公民科学知识匮乏现象加深的又一调查报导。version2：美国公民科学知识匮乏的现象日益严重，这种调查报告几乎月月都有。,Translationese4:FolloworCopyTextualExpression照搬原文的表达方式,Expression:dictionspecialcomparisonidiometc,A：Thehusbandcantunderstandwhyhiswifegotangrysoeasily?B：HestoocarelessmaybeA：No,itsnotthat.Actuallyitsastorminateacup.Ialsothoughtitsthewomenwhoistoblame.B：Anywaythemanhastoconsiderhiswifesfeeling.astorminateacup风波，小事引起的轩然大波，小小题大做,2）abedofroses安逸的生活（非玫瑰花圃）gooseflesh鸡皮疙瘩(非“鹅肉”)eatcrow被迫出丑(非“吃乌鸦”)horsesense基本常识(非“马的意识”)busybody爱管闲事的人(非“大忙人”);confidenceman骗子(非“有信心之人”)brownstudy沉思冥想(非“褐色的书房”)goldenopinions高度的评价(非“金色的观点”),(1)Oursonmustgotoschool.Hemustbreakoutofthepotthatholdsusin.version1：我们的儿子一定得进学校。他一定得打破这个把我们关在里面的罐子。version2：我们的儿子一定要上学，一定要出人头地。,(2)Thisisadangerousandviolentcity.Insomepartsofit,theonlylawisthelawofthejungle.version1：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原则就是森林法则。version2：这是一个危险的充满暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的法则就是弱肉强食。,Howtoconquerthetranslationese,SOMESOLUTIONS,IntermsofideologyOnLexicallevelOnsyntacticallevelInrespectofrevisionlanguagesensibility,Twoparadoxes:faithfulness&smoothnessContent&formtogiveconsiderationtobothfactorsofthemUnityofFormandSpirit,MutualReceptionandCo-ProgressivenessConveyexoticism/enrichexpressions,Intermsofideology,toOvercometheone-sidednessofunderstanding,OnLexicallevel:tofocusonWordmeaning,ToguardagainsttakingtheWordsattheirFaceLevelNottoSimplyclingstotheready-givenmeaninginadictionaryToKeepagooddictionaryathandToanalysisthecontextcarefullyTounderstandthecontextualmeaningoftheoriginalwordsToconsidertheappropriateoneTofindasubstitute(noequivalentone)idiomaticusage/inthesamesituation,OnSyntacticallevel:Sentencestructure,Togiveaproperconsiderationtotheorig