高考英语语法填空应试方法

语法填空应试方法与技巧,考什么？怎么考？如何做？,WhatstheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?,Thinking,考什么？纯空格形式的考点如下：,用提示词的适当形式填空的考点如下：,2、怎么考？从语法填空题空格的设置来看，包括以下特点一、考查语法。每一个空格的设置都必定涉及到某一条或某几条语法规则，不会单纯考查单词的拼写和词组的用法。InGreece,womenhadlittlefreedom.Wealthywomenhardlylefttheirhouses,butthey_(allow)toattendweddingsandsomefestivals.,wereallowed,二、考查语境。既然采用短文或对话的形式来考查语法，其目的就是要利用短文有较强语境的特点来命题。也就是说，要填出正确答案，至少需理解整个句子的意思或各分句之间的逻辑关系，或者需要理解前后几个句子，甚至整个段落或篇章。,三、考点分散。基本上一个空格代表一个语法点，10个空有可能涉及到10个语法点，至少也得有7个语法点。对一些非常重要的语法项目，如动词时态、非谓语动词、不定代词等，单独一项也可能是两个空。,2.Thelittleboypulled_righthandoutofthepocket,冠词或代词,无提示词缺主语或宾语，一般填代词或名词(多考代词)。可数名词单数之前没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词),1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled_goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.,the,his,讨论归纳：如何做？,3.IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and_getstherealmostinasecond.,it,C,介词,无提示词与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语固定搭配,1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback_thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.,of,at,讨论归纳：如何做？,连词或从句引导词,无提示词两个主谓结构连接两个或几个单词或短语之间,1.Itwasnotlong_thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedat_shesaw.,before,讨论归纳：如何做？,2.Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays_IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.,before,3.Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,_hefeltveryhappy,but,4allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme_almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseof,and,what,情态动词或助动词,无提示词结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,讨论归纳：如何做？,1.Whatisacceptableinonecountrybeconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.,may,2.Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe_bringhomearegularsalary.,did,特殊句式,无提示词强调句型so/suchthat句型倒装it的特殊用法,1.andwasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldnteatMSG!2._withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.3.astookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists.4.Thismadethegoatsojealous_itbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.,it,Only,讨论归纳：如何做？,it,that,谓语动词,有提示词与主语构成主谓结构（注意动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.2.Hisfearoffailure_(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.3.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_(close)mybookandwalkedaway.,wastold,kept,讨论归纳：如何做？,closed,非谓语动词,有提示词根据非谓语所作成份填写正确形式,1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson_(receive)thegift.2.IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft_(finish)therest!3.Mypupils,Donnie_(include),adoredher.4._(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwontmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary5._(complete)theprojectasplanned,wellhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.,receiving,tofinish,included,讨论归纳：如何做？,Speaking,Tocomplete,词性转换,有提示词根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式介词,冠词,所有格后接名词形容词修饰名词副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid_(rude).2.Oneofthe_(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher3.AsfarasIamconcerned,my_(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebook4.Theyoungsterimmediatelyfell_(silence)astearsflewdownfromhisbigblueeyes.,rudely,worst,suggestion,讨论归纳：如何做？,silent,总结提升,实词,虚词,一根据句子结构，确定词性,动词名词形容词副词,冠词介词连词代词,词性,有提示词,无提示词,总结提升,二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,/物主代词的用法,并列句及复合句,非谓语,非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形,谓语动词的时态及语