高二英语 虚拟语气

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气,1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。（见课本P170页）。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,条件从句,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,过去时（were）,过去完成时,Would/could/should/might+V.（原）,Would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+V.（原）,1.IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldnthavemadeamistake.4.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldnthavehappened.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldntgoforanouting.6.Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplaneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.,与将来事实相反,二：虚拟语气特殊句型：,Wish的宾语从句,现在：过去：未来：,过去时（were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V.should,IwishIwereabird.（现在）IwishIhadntmadesuchamistake.（过去）Wewishourparentswouldntpunishus.（将来）,2.Wouldratherthat,现在：过去：未来：,Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.,Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.,Dontcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3.asif/though+Clause,现在：过去：,过去时,过去完成时,Helooksasifheweredrunk.,Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.,Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsthatitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.,4.Its(about/high)time+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该去睡觉了。,Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyouweregoing.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.,Itstimethatwewenttobed.Itstimethatweshouldgotobed.,5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。,我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.,HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.,Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.,Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.,6.without和butfor构成虚拟。butfor要不是Withoutsunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.,7.Ifonly要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!,IfonlyIhadntmissedthetrain!,8.Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.Itsnecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.,9.某些简单句的固定句型：Heavenhelphim!Godblessyou!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeoplesRepublicofChina!,三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospital.,2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.,IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?,虚拟语气,Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.didcomeB.cameC.hascomeD.hadcome,2.Ourteacherinsistedthatwe_inclass.A.nottalkB.donttalkC.couldnottalkD.shouldnottalk,3.Theysuggestedthattheexperiment_madeinanotherway.A.beB.mustbeC.maybeD.wouldbe,4.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she_somethingshewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid,5.Ifonlyhe_quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie,6.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntgetC.weredriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot,7.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe,8.Ienjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishI_thebookfromwhichitwasmade.A.havereadB.hadreadC.shouldhavereadD.amreading,9.Icantstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_everything.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown,10.Ido_Icouldgiveyouahand.A.hopeB.wishC.expectD.think,11.“Thatsabeautifulcoatinthewindow.”“Itcertainlyis.IfIhadthemoney,_buyit.”A.IllB.ImayC.IshallD.Id,12._,Iwouldtakeanumbrellawithme.A.HadIbeenyouB.IwereyouC.WereIyouD.Ihadbeenyou,13.IfComradeLi_theexperimenttomorrow,hemightreadtheinstructionscarefully.A.doB.coulddoC.istodoD.weretodo,14.IwishI_totalkthisoverwithhimwhenhewasherelastevening.A.wasableB.wereableC.hadbeenableD.shouldbeable,15.-Isetthechildaloneandhegotlost.-You_withhim.A.shouldgoC.mustgoB.shouldhavegoneD.wouldhavegone,16.Itstimeyou_homeandIdratheryou_againtomorrow.Ashouldgo;willcomeB.went;cameC.weregoingwouldcomeD.go;werecoming,17.Withoutyourhelp,I_theexam.A.wouldfailB.wouldnotpassC.wouldnothavefailedD.couldnothavepassed,18.Ididntknowhistelephonenumber,otherwiseI_him.A.hadtelephonedB.wouldtelephoneC.wouldhavetelephonedD.telephone,19.Hisdoctorgavehimapieceofadvicethathe_ashorttripabroad.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took,20.-Whatwillyoudoduringwintervacation?-Idontknow,butitsabouttime_sth.A.IdecidedB.IlldecideC.IddecidedD.Imdeciding,21.Mysuggestionisthatthesickboy_tohospitalassoonaspossible.A.istakenB.mustbetakenC.betakenD.hastobetaken,22.Ifyou_hardatschool.You_acollegestudentnowandwouldgetagoodjobinthefuture.A.hadstudied;wouldhavebeenB.wouldhavebeen;couldbeC.hadstudied;wouldbeD.studied;couldbe,23.Itsnecessarythatyou_bepresentatthemeeting.A.shouldB.couldC.mayD.will,24.Wellgotheresothatwe_whatitis.A.seeB.sawC.wouldseeD.cansee,25.Allheadvisedtous_thatthemeeting_today.A.is;notbeheldB.are;isnotheldC.be;notbeheldD.is;mustntbeheld,26.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken27.Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome28.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_quitedifficulttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe,C,D,D,29.IwishI_youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee5.Itisabouttimethatyou_thetruth.A.tellB.havetoldC.willtellD.told30.Hewouldratherthatyou_thebookatonce.A.returnedB.returnC.arereturningD.canthavefinished31._today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves,C,D,A,C,32._yousucceedand_youbehealthy.A.MaymayB.WishwishC.Hope,hopeD.Should,may33.Heinsistedthathe_thegoldring.A.notstealB.shouldntstealC.hadntstolenD.wouldntsteal34.Heresanumbrellaincaseyou_it.A.shoulduseB.neededC.needingD.tochange,A,C,A,35.Thelittleherospalefacesuggestedhe_dead.A.isB.wasC.shouldbeD.be36.Ifyouhadgonetoadoctor,you_allrig